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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which Diuretic is okay to use with a sulfa allergy?
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Ethacrynic acid
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Lasix
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Loop Diuretic: Furosemide
Tab: 20, 40, 80 mg Sol: 10 mg/mL No ceiling dose Loops decrease: Na, K, Mg, AND Ca Lasix 40mg= Demadex 20mg Lasix 40mg= Bumex 1mg |
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Bumex
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Loop Diuretic: Bumetanide
No ceiling dose Loops decrease: Na, K, Mg, AND Ca |
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Demadex
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Loop Diuretic: Torsemide
No ceiling dose Loops decrease: Na, K, Mg, AND Ca |
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Edecrin
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Loop Diuretic: ethacrynic acid
*Higher risk of Ototoxicity than other Loops tab: 25 mg No ceiling dose Loops decrease: Na, K, Mg, AND Ca |
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Microzide
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Thiazide: Hydrochlorothiazide
Tabs: 12.5, 25, 50 mg Caps: 12.5 mg Decrease Na, K, Mg Increases Ca ADR: Hyperuricemia or Hyperglycemia |
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Lozol
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Thiazide-like: Indapamide
Tab: 1.25, 2.5 mg Longer acting than HCTZ |
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Hygroton
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Thiazide-like: Chlorthalidone
Tab: 25, 50, 100mg Longest acting thiazide type product |
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Zaroxolyn
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Thiazide-like: Metolazone
tab: 2.5, 5, 10 mg Can be used in renally impaired patients along with loops |
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Dyazide
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Triamterene/ hydrochlorothiazide
Dyazide caps: 37.5/ 25 mg Maxzide-25 tabs: 37.5/ 25 mg Maxzide tabs: 75/ 50 mg (only one that can be split in half) USE: Edema and Hypertension Potassium sparing plus Potassium wasting diuretic |
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Aldactone
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K-Sparing Diuretic: Spironolactone
Tabs: 25, 50, 100 mg Beers List Can be used with digoxin and diuretics to balance K+ USE: Primary Hyperaldosteronism other labeled uses: ascites, edema, heart failure, hyperaldosteronsm, hyperaldosteronsim diagnosis, adjunct in hypertension, hypokalemia, pulmonary edema Off-label use: acne vulgaris, chronic lung disease, hirsutism, polycystic ovary syndrome, premenstrual syndrome Aldosterone receptor antagonist |
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Inspra
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Potassium sparing diuretic/ aldosterone receptor antagonist: Eplerenone
Tab: 25, 50 mg QD or BID Indicated for Post MI CHF and HTN Less gynecomastia than spironolactone |
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Beta Blockers in General
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BBW: Avoid abrupt D/C of therapy. Risk of angina and MI. Taper down over 2 to 3 weeks
MOA: reduce cardiac output, negative inotropes, and negative chronotropes |
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Inderal
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Non-selective Beta Blocker: Propranolol
MOST lipophilic soluble beta blocker Tabs: 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 mg SR caps: 60 , 80, 120, 160 mg (QD) Inj: 1 mg/ mL (1 mg IV = 40 mg PO) Solution: 4 mg/ mL or 8 mg/ mL may mask hypoglycemic symptoms ADR: Sexual impairment |
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Inderide
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Propranolol/ HCTZ
40/ 25 and 80/ 25 |
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Corgard
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Non-Selective Beta Blocker: Nadolol
Long acting Renally excreted Tabs: 20, 40, 80, 120, 160 mg (QD) |
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Visken
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Non-Selective Beta Blocker: Pindolol
ISA= intrinsic sympathomimetic activity tab: 5, 10 mg BID for hypertension Good for patients that have bothersome bradycardia, or who feels "tired" with other beta blockers also useful when CNS depression occurs |
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Sectral
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Beta-1 selective with ISA
acebutolol |
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Bystolic
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B-1 Selective with increased nitric oxide production= vasodilation (2 ways to lower systolic BP)
Nebivolol The most cardioselective Beta Blocker |
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Lopressor
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Beta 1 selective: Metoprolol tartrate
tab: 25, 50, 100 (QD or BID) |
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Toprol-XL
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Beta 1 selective Metoprolol succinate
tab: 25, 50, 100, 200 mg (QD to BID) CAN be broken in half |
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Tenormin
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Beta1 Selective: Atenolol
tabs: 25, 50, 100 mg (QD) Most hydrophilic one (Least likely to cause CNS effects) |
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Coreg
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Nonselective Beta Blocker: Carvedilol
Tab: 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25 mg (BID) CR Caps: 10, 20, 40, 80 mg (QAM) also alpha blocker Take with food to slow the rate of absorption and reduce incidence of orthostasis 3.125 BID= 10 mg QD 6.25 BID= 20 mg QD 12.5 BID= 40 mg QD 25 BID= 80 mg QD |
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Lanoxin
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Digoxin
Tabs: 0.125, 0.25 mg Oral Solution: 0.05 mg/ mL (50 mcg per mL) Inj. 0.25 mg/ mL, 0.1 mg/ mL Slows and Strengthens the heart (Positive ionotrope, Negative chronotrope) Yellow: 0.125 mg White: 0.25 mg Use Digibind and Digifab for Digoxin Toxicity ADR: GI upset, slow pulse, visual disturbances Half Life= 40 hours Loading doses are used Renally excreted: adjust for age, gender with Cockroft-Gault formula |
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Digibind and DigiFab
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Digoxin Immune Fab (Ovine)
antidote for overdose of digitalis; made from anti-digoxin immunoglobin fragments from sheep that have already been immunized with digoxin derivative. It is used IV |
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Aldomet
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Methyldopa
tab: 125 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg InJ: Methyldopate HCl Initial therapy: 250 mg PO 2-3 times daily, titrate up USE: HTN in pregnancy MOA: Centrally acting alpha 2 agonist; decreases NE flow ADR: Bradycardia and depression (Beers List) |
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Coumadin
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Warfarin
1mg- pink 2mg- lavender 2.5mg- green 3mg- brown 4mg- blue 5mg- peach 6mg- teal 7.5mg- yellow 10mg- white MOA: interferes with hepatic synthesis of vitamin K dependent clotting factors INR target range: 2-3 INR target range with prosthetic heart valve (3.5) Max: 2g APAP if taking Warfarin NO ASA CYP 450 Inhibitors raise INR: Tagamet, Prozac, Paxil, Omeprazole, etc. CYP 450 Inducers increase risk of clot: St. John's wort, phenytoin, carbamazepine, barbiturates, griseofulvin, rifampin, etc. |
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Pradaxa
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Dabigatran
Caps: 75 and 150 mg (BID) Direct Thrombin Inhibitor CrCL >30 mL/min: 150 mg BID with or without food CrCL <30 mL/min" 75 mg BID with or without food Does NOT require routine monitoring (INR) Use bottle within 4 months of opening |
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Nitroglycerin (Multiple Brand names and forms)
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Nitrostat (SL tabs): 0.3, 0.4, 0.6 mg
Nitro-Dur Patches: 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 mg/hr Nitrolingual Pumpspray: 0.4 mg/metered dose: 200 sprays (DO NOT SHAKE) Nitro-Bid Ointment: 2% (apply 0.5-2 inches applied in morning and 6 hrs later) Should have 10-12 hr nitrate free period relaxation of vascular smooth muscle via stimulation of intracellular cGMP 0.4 mg= 1/ 150 grain Contraindicated with Viagra-like products |
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Isordil
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Isordil Dinitrate
SL: 2.5, 5 mg tabs: 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 mg ER: 40 mg Dilatrate-SR 40mg BID (Separate by 6 hrs) Should have >18 hr nitrate free interval |
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Monoket
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Isosorbide Mononitrate
the active, long-acting metabolite of isosorbide dinitrate tab: 10 and 20 mg (BID 7 hrs apart) |
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Imdur
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Isosorbide
ER: 30, 60, 120 mg Headache is very common side effect: treat with APAP |
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BiDil
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Isosorbide dinitrate and hydralazine
tablets: 20 mg ISDN and 37.5 mg hydralazine 1 tab TID (MAX: 2 tab TID) |
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Ranexa
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Ranolazine ER
ER tablets: 500, 100-mg BID MOA: Na+ cardiac current inhibition will NOT abate an acute angina episode May cause dizziness |
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Persantine
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Dipyridamole
tab: 25, 50, 75 mg USE: adjunct to the coumarin-type anticoagulants in the prevention of thromboembolic complications of cardiac valve replacement IR form is on the Beers List |
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Aggrenox
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200mg ER dypiridamole with 25 mg ASA
Dipyridimole requires an acidic gastric environment for proper absorption (pH <4) Swallow whole; do NOT chew |
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Pletal
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Cilostazol
tabs: 50 and 100mg (BID) MOA: Platelet aggregation inhibitor Inhibits PDE III. This suppresses cAMP degradation with a resultant increase in cAMP in platelets and blood vessels, leading to vasodilation and inhibition of platelet aggregation BBW: Contraindicated in patients with CHF |
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Trental
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Pentoxifylline
tabs: 400 mg TID with meals Decreases blood viscosity and improves RBC flexibility |
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Plavix
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Clopidogrel
75 mg tablet QD (with or without food) MOA: selectively inhibits the binding of ADP to its platelet receptor and activation of the glycoprotein GPIIb/IIIa complex thereby inhibiting platelet aggregation D/C 5 days prior to any surgery |
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Ticlid
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Ticlopidine
250mg BID with food Warning: agranulocytosis and TTP |
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Potassium Chloride
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K-Dur, Klor-Con (ER), K-Tabs, Micro-K
PO and IV: 10 mEq (750 mg), 20 mEq (1500 mg), 15 mEq If K-Dur is hard to swallow and the patient cannot put it in water Klor-Con (ER) is smaller and easier to swallow KCl 8 mEq (600 mg): Klor-Con tablets, Slow-K SWALLOW ONLY KCl 25 mEq effervescent tablets: K-Lyte/ Cl. Place in water and drink contents Liquid: 10% (20 mEq/ 15mL), 20% (40 mEq/ 15mL) K-Dur tablets: can be mixed with water to drink Dilute KCl liquids, follow with water. Take with food (GI upset) Do NOT crush Slow-K or K-Dur, or any delayed release (ER) forms 1 mEq= 75 mg Target K+ levels: 3.5-5 mEq/L (~4) Caution: Hyperkalemia is not safe. Watch for ACEIs, ARBs, Spironolactone... IV must NEVER be given bolus: Fatal Error |
