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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Fosfomycin used for, and spectrum?
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Urinary antiseptic
Broad spectrum(g- and g+) Primarily for E. coli and Enterococci Synergy with B-Lactams Used for un/complicated UTIs |
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MoA for Fosfomycin?
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Inhibits enol pyruvyltransferase in cytoplasm, no glucosamine synthesized.
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What is Nitrofurantoin used for, and spectrum?
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Used for uncomplicated UTIs caused by E. coli
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MoA for Nitrofurantoin?
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Inhibits bacterial acetyl CoA synthesis
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What bugs is Metronidazole used for?
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Kills g+ and g- (anaerobes and micro-aerophils)
Kills protozoans, eg Trichomonas vaginalis(venerial disease) Giardia lamblia(GI infections) Plasmodium Trypanosomes |
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List two examples of micro-aerophils
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Helicobacter pylori
Campylobacter jejuni |
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MoA of Metronidazole?
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Accepts electrons from ferredoxin, becomes a free radical and damages bacterial DNA
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List some examples of strict anaerobes
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Clostridium
Peptococcus Peptostreptococcus Bacteroides Fusobacterium |
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List any ADME considerations for Metronidazole
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Crosses BBB, but not placenta
Urine may be RUST COLORED(reqs counseling) |
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AEs for Metronidazole?
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GI discomfort(N&V, diarrhea)
Metallic taste Dry mouth |
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DIs for Metronidazole?
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Oxidizes:
Phenobarbitol Prednisone Rifampin Ethanol |
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What is Bacitracin used for, spectrum?
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NOT FURUNCLES, CARBUNCLES, OR IMPETIGO
Its for abrasions, and some ophthalmic infections Broad spectrum(many g+ and g-) Topical only |
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What is a Furuncle?
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A boil
Staph infected hair follicle Painful, swelling, red, pus-filled |
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What is a Carbuncle?
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A cluster of furuncles
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What is Impetigo?
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Skin abrasion infected by S. aureus or Strep pyogenes
Vesicle with red border |
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What would you use to treat furuncles, carbuncles, or impetigo?
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They're all skin infections, so use a gram + drug
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What is Daptomycin used for, and spectrum?
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Complicated skin infections, bacterial endocarditis, S. aureus bacteremia
For gram + (only IBLV), especially: MSSA, MRSA, Clostridium, Actinomyces(all g+) Reserved use Synergistic with Vancomycin |
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MoA of Daptomycin?
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Forms a pore (with other Daptomycin lipids), causing k+ to leak out of cell, depolarizing the cell membrane, resulting in lysis(bactericidal)
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ADME/AEs/Administration for Daptomycin?
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Renally excreted(adjust dose for impairment)
IV use only (IM is toxic) AE: myopathy(reversible though) Cant use for infections in the lungs because it binds to surfactant and cant reach high enough (active) levels |
