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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
On-the-job protests
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workers try to hang onto rights, not just become machinery
sought to control the pace of production: too fast and working conditions were inhumane, they overproduced and prices went down they wanted: decent pace of work and paycheck workers quit alot |
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Strike activity after 1876
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1877 railroads
the enormous numbers of strikers indicates that there were middle class as well as lower class UNIONS have much bigger rol |
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NLU
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established 1866 with many motivations, including temerpance, womens sufferage and others
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The Knights of Labor
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established originally as secret society in 1869, becomes public in 1879 with Terence V Powderly. sought to "secure to the workers the full enjoyment of the wealth they create." '
frowned on using strike as weapon, but repeaped the benefits became very political, sponsored many candidates pressed for creation of department of labor eventually union fell apart |
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AFL
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American Federation of Labor
replaces KNights of labor federation of skilled trades: cigars iron, carpenters each one autonomous belived in power to strike did not accept blacks and unskilled |
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Setbacks
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Idaho Ceure d'... strike, miners get replaced by drills, strike, and get replaced by scabs and assulted by state millitia
HOMESTEAD steal mills 1892 Henry Clay Frick put in cahrge of Homstead Steal mill by Carnegia, wanted to elinminate a union. buit wall, spotlught, and hired agents to protect factory there is riot, state troups come to put down riot and union anarchist attemps to assisnate frick EUGENE VICTOR DEBS organizer of railroad workers Created ARU, won strikes PULLMAN workers- lives dominated by company. joined in 1894 and began to strike Debs avoids violence, but it happens anyway when feds get involed Debs is convicted of contempt of court, sumpreme court agrees in 1895, |
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Americans slow to join unions
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less homogenous than europeans
ethnic diversity creates problems particularly chinese got fucked by other workers |
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A conclusion
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workers got very little of the gains of industrialization
people who did well: jews, germans people who did alright: italians, irish, polish people who did terribly: blacks, hispanics |