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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Oxygen (O2)
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is a colorless, odorless gas – 20.95% of the atmosphere is O2
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Indications for use:
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Respiratory disorders
Cardiovascular disorders Central Nervous System disorders |
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Low Flow Nasal Cannula
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Safe, simple, relatively comfortable. Can be used for COPD
2L/min = 28% It is usually given at rates of 1-6 liters/min > 5L/min dries mucous membranes – add humidifier |
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Low flow Simple face mask:
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O2 given quickly for short periods of time.
Concentration of 35%-50%, flow rate of 6-12 liters |
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Low flow Partial Rebreathing Mask:
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Reservoir bag conserves O2; concentrations of 40% - 60% can be achieved with flow of 6-10 L/min
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Low flow Nonrebreathing Mask:
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delivers high concentrations of O2 accurately—O2 flows into bag and mask during inhalation. Valve prevents expired air from flowing back into bag. Concentrations of 60% - 90% can be achieved
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Low flow Face Tent:
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tent is ideal for providing moderate to high aerosol—less reliable than face mask for maintaining high inspiration of O2 concentration
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Low flow Tracheostomy Collar:
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collar can deliver high humidity and O2 via tracheostomy
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High flow Venturi Mask:
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can deliver precise, high flow rates of O2 – delivers 24%, 28%, 31%, 35%, 40% and 50%
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How is O2 humidified?
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O2 is humidified with sterile water bubble-through humidifier or nebulizer
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Do trach patients need humidification?
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Trach patients initially need humidification
The need for humidification for flow rates of 1-4 liters is controversial – depends on the humidity in the environment. |
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Complications of O2 administration?
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Combustion: O2 supports combustion—smoking is prohibited in area where O2 is used.
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Complications of O2 administration?
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CO2 Narcosis: possible problem for COPD. Administration of O2 may reduce the patient's drive to breathe since the drive to breathe is now hypoxemia not CO2
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Complications of O2 administration?
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Oxygen Toxicity: a potential problem for patients receiving >50% for longer than 24 hours. Rare high concentrations of O2 can result in severe inflammatory response because of oxygen radicals and damage to alveolar-capillary membranes resulting in severe pulmonary edema, shunting of blood, and hypoxemia
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Complications of O2 asministration?
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Absorption Atelectasis: depletion of nitrogen with high concentrations of O2
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Complications of O2 administration?
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Infection: heated nebulizers present the greatest risk. Also the constant use of humidity supports bacterial growth
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