Overview Of The Structure Of The Respiratory System

Front 1

the respiratory system is divided into

Back 1

1-conductive part

2-respiratory part

Front 2

conductive part

Back 2

1-nose

2-pharynx

3-larynx

4-trachea

5-bronchi

6-bronchial tube

7-terminal bronchioles

Front 3

respiratory part

Back 3

1-alveolar ducts

2- alveoli

Front 4

the nose consists of

Back 4

1-external part

2-nasal cavity

Front 5

the external nose and nasal cavity are divided by

Back 5

the nasal septum

Front 6

external nose two orifices

Back 6

nostrils

ala of the nose (lateral margins)

Front 7

whats lying just inside the nostrils

Back 7

nasal vestibule

Front 8

external nose is formed by

Back 8

1-nasal bone

2-hyaline cartilage

Front 9

nasal cavity extend from

Back 9

1- from anterior nasal apertures(nostrils) ------->opens on the face

2- to posterior nasal apertures --------> opens into nasopharynx

Front 10

boundries of the nasal cavity:

1-roof

anterior

middle

posterior

Back 10

anterior: frontal bone

middle:ethmoid

posterior:sphenoid

Front 11

floor

Back 11

the hard palate anterior and posterior

1-anterior: palatine process of maxilla

2- posterior:palatine bone

Front 12

medial

Back 12

nasal septum anterior and posterior

1-septal cartilage (ant)

2-ethmoid and vomer (post)

Front 13

lateral wall

projection and depression

Back 13

1- projection:conchea

2- depression: meatuses

Front 14

conchae is devided into 3 parts

Back 14

superior, middle, and inferior and below it the depression is the superior, middle, and inferior meatus

Front 15

middle meatus features

Back 15

a bulge or rounded swelling called (bulla ethmoidalis)

below it is a curved opening called hiatus semilunaris

anterior of the hiatus seminars is the anterior infundibulum

Front 16

mucous membrane of the nose

Back 16

olfactory

respiratory muscosa

Front 17

olfactory mucosa is present in

Back 17

roof and adjacent part of the septum

Front 18

olfactory function

Back 18

smelling sense

Front 19

respiratory mucosa

Back 19

lines the rest of the cavity

Front 20

blood supply of the external nose

Back 20

external nose: branches of opthalmic and maxillary artery

ala and lower part of the septum: branches of the facial artery

Front 21

nerve supply

Back 21

infratrochlear and external nasal nerve branches of the ophthalmic nerve

infraorbital branches of the maxillary nerve

Front 22

blood supply of the internal cavity

Back 22

branches of the maxillary artery: most imp. branch is the sphenopalatine artery.

Front 23

lymph drainage

Back 23

the vestibule is drained by the submandibular nodes the rest is drained by the deep cervical

Front 24

nerve supply of the internal cavity

Back 24

nerves of sensation

1- the olfactory nerve supplied by olfactory bulb

2-opthalmic devision and maxillary devision of the trigiminal nerve

Front 25

paranasal cavity functions

Back 25

1-helps humidifying and warming the air entering

2-decrease the weight of the skull

3- adds resonance to the voice

Front 26

4 sinuses

Back 26

1-frontal

2-maxillary

3-ethmoidal

4-sphenoidal

Front 27

where is the frontal sinus

Back 27

contained in the frontal bone

Front 28

shape of frontal sinus

Back 28

triangular

Front 29

maxillary sinus location

Back 29

contained in the maxillary bone

Front 30

shape of the maxillary sinus

Back 30

pyramidal

Front 31

boundaries of the maxillary bone

roof

floor

Back 31

roof: orbit

floor: premolar and molar teeth

Front 32

ethmoidal sinus location

Back 32

they are contained in the ethmoidal bone

between the nose and the eye

Front 33

the ethmoid sinus is divided into three groups

Back 33

anterior, middle, and posterior

Front 34

due to the ethmoidal sinus anatomical position

and separation

Back 34

because it is seperated by a thin bone and it is behind the orbit the infections can spread from the sinus to the eye

Front 35

sphenoidal sinus location

Back 35

contained in the sphenoidal bone

Front 36

the pharynx extends from

Back 36

the bas of the skull to the 6th cervical vertebrae

Front 37

shape

Back 37

funnel shaped: upper wide end and lower narrow end continues as esophagus

Front 38

pharynx 3 parts

Back 38

1-nasopharynx

2-oropharynx

3- laryngopharynx

Front 39

nasopharynx

Back 39

lies behind the nose

Front 40

the nasopharynx extends from

Back 40

the base of the skull to the level of soft palate

Front 41

communications of the nasopharynx

Back 41

1-nose:through the posterior nasal apeturus

2-middle ear:through the external auditory

3-oropharynx: through the laryngeal isthimus

Front 42

oropharynx

Back 42

lies behind the mouth

Front 43

oropharynx extend from

Back 43

level of soft palate to the upper border of the epiglottis

Front 44

communications of the oropharynx

Back 44

1- nasopharynx through the laryngeal isthmus

2-mouth cavity

3-laryngopharynx

Front 45

laryngopharynx

Back 45

lies behind the larynx

Front 46

larngopharynx extends from

Back 46

upper border the epiglottis to the C6

Front 47

communications

Back 47

laryngeal inlet