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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a TUBEROSITY?
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Large rounded projection
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What is a crest?
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Narrow, usually prominent ridge
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What is a trochanter?
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Very large, blunt, irregularly shaped
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What is a tubercle?
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Small rounded projection
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What is an epicondyle?
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Raised area on a condyle
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What is a spine?
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Sharp, slended, pointed projection
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What is a head?
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Bony expansion carried on neck
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What is a facet?
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Smooth, nearly flat articular surface
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What is a condyle?
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Rounded articular surface
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What purpose do the heads, facets, and condyles serve?
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Help form joints
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What purpose do the tuberosity, crest, trochanter, line, tubercle, epicondyle, spine, and ramus serve?
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Muscle and Ligament attatchment
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What purpose do the meatus, sinus, fossa, groove, fissure, and foramen serve?
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Allow blood vessels and nerves to pass
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What is a meatus?
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Canal-like passageway
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What is a sinus?
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Cavity filled with air & mucous membranes
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What is a fossa?
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Shallow, bowl-like depression in bone, often serving as articular surface
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What is a groove?
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Slitlike furrow
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What is a fissure?
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Narrow, slitlike opening
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What is a foramen?
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Round or oval opening through a bone
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Describe compact bone.
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Dense, smooth, homogenous
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Describe spongey bone.
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Composed of small trabeculae (needlike bars) of bones & lots of open space
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Describe long bones.
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Longer than they are wide
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Describe short bones.
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Typically cube shaped; contain more spongy bone than compact bone.
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Describe flat bones.
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Generally thin, with a layer of spongy bone sandwiched between two waferlike layers of compact bone.
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What kind of bone is the skull made of?
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Flat bones
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Describe irregular bones.
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Irregular shaped.
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Give an example of irregular bones.
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Vertebrae.
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What is epiphysis?
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The end of long bone that is composed of a thin layer of compact bone enclosing spongy bone.
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What is an epiphyseal plate?
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A thin area of hyaline cartilage that provides for growth in bone length.
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At what age can the epiphyseal plate be seen?
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Younger years, when person is still growing.
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What are the barely discernable remnants of epiphyseal plates called?
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Epiphyseal lines.
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What is the function of articular cartilage?
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Because articular cartilage is made up of glassy hyaline cartilage, it provides a smooth surface to prevent friction at joint surfaces.
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What is the function of the medullary cavity?
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A storage region for adipose tissue, aka yellow marrow.
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What is yellow marrow?
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Adipose tissue.
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What is periosteum?
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Lines all bones, except at joints of long bones. Has to do with muscle movement.
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What is endosteum?
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Lines the inner surface of all bones
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What are Perforating (Sharpey's) Fibers?
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Matrix of connective tissue made of strong collagenous fibres connecting periosteum to bone.
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What is an osteon?
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A central canal and all lanellae surrounding it; one unit of compact bone
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What is the function of the central canal?
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Carries blood vessels, nerves, and lymph vessels throught the bony matrix.
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What are lamellae?
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The smaller "tree rings" in a bone.
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What are circumferential lamellae?
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The bigger "tree rings" in a bone.
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What is a perforating canal?
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Canals that blood vessels go through.
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What is lacuna?
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Osteocytes occupy these at junctions of "tree rings"
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What is an osteocyte?
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Mature bone cell
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What is canaliculus?
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Tiny cnanals running from central to the lacunae of the lamella, then from lamella to lamella
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