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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ribosomes |
translate mRNA into protein free and bound organelles-depends on what the gene does |
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Endomembrane system |
nuclear envelope, ER, Golgi complex, lysosomes, vacuoles, plasma membrane, -tells us how they function -transported by vesicles (make the plasma membrane) |
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Rough Endoplasmic reticulum |
has ribosomes modifies proteins to be delivered outside the cell |
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Smooth ER |
synthesize lipids for cell membrane metabolize carbohydrates, detoxifies drugs and poisions stores ca2+ ions |
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Lysosomes |
hydrolytics enzymes that digest macromolecules of cell digest proteins, fats, polysacc., and nucleic acids destroy old organelles |
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Vacuoles |
food vacuoles- are formed by phagocytosis contractile vacuoles- pump excess water out of cells central vacuoles- in plants hold og compounds and water |
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Mitochondria |
site of cellular respiration, use o2 to make ATP |
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chloroplasts |
sites of photosynthesis |
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peroxisomes |
help detoxify/store break down long chain fatty acids |
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endiosymbiotic theory |
chloroplast and mitochondria were their won cells -reproduce themselves -have own DNA and ribosomes -similar to early ribosomes -double membrane like bacteria - |
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cytoskeleton |
microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments |
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microtubules |
hollow tubes COMPRESSION RESISTANT maintanence of cell shape cell motility chromosome movements in cell division organelle movements |
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microfilaments |
smaller string of twisted actin filaments maintenance of cell shape changes in cell shape MUSCLE CONTRACTION cleavage furrow formation in cell division cytoplasmic streaming (movement of cytoplasm) |
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intermediate filaments |
intermediate in size make keratin maintenance of cell shape anchors nucleus and other organelles |
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Extracellulular structures |
cell walls, extracellular matrix, intercellular junctions to connect cells, communication, identification |
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Cell walls |
prokaryotes, plant cells, fungi |
