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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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True or False
Nalidixic Acid is considered a 2nd generation quinolone and is used for UTI. |
False
1st generation |
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What is the MOA of FQs?
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Inhibits bacterial DNA replication by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase 4
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A form of topoisomerase II that releases strain that builds up from supercoiling along DNA replication fork.
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DNA gyrase
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A topoisomerase that helps separate daughter DNA molecules.
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Topoisomerase 4
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What are 3 ways bacteria can build up resistance to FQs?
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Mutations in DNA gyrase and Topoisomerase 4; MDR efflux pumps; change in the structure of porins to decrease uptake.
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This side effect of FQs may be attributed to increases in reactive oxygen species and decreased magnesium.
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Tendenopathy.
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Name some chelators that decrease the concentration of FQs.
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Milk/dairy, citric, antacids, vitamins/minerals
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True or False
FQs + warfarin leads to a decrease in PT time. |
False. Increase
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Fluorine increases outer membrane penetration by _________.
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100x
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The cyclopropyl of ciprofloxacin gives it its ___________________ and participates in DNA __________.
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Spectrum activity
Stacking. |
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True or False
Ciprofloxacin decreases serum levels of xanthenes. |
False
Increase |
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Ciprofloxacin decreases serum levels of phenytoin and thyroid hormone.
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True
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Ciprofloxacin can cause nausea, vomiting, and convulsions if administered with _________.
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Theophylline
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Ciprofloxacin can cause sleep problems and GI distress if taken with _________.
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Caffeine
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What is the 1st line FQ use to treat pen-resistant strep, legionella, and gonorrhea?
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Levofloxacin
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This FQ's single chiral center increases potency by 2x and decreases toxicity and side effects.
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Levofloxacin
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What is a 2nd generation FQ?
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Gatifloxacin
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What 3rd generation FQ is just like levofloxacin but has anaerobic activity?
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Moxifloxacin
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What 3rd generation FQ has the best activity against Strep and anaerobes?
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Gemifloxacin
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