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4 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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Exercising As we have seen during physical exercise carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase, resulting in an increase in hydrogen ions through the carbonic acid reaction. The carbon dioxide and acidity stimulate chemoreceptors. |
The respiratory centres increases the depth and rate of breathing to release more carbon dioxide from the lungs. As carbon dioxide is lost, the hydrogen ion concentration drops in the body fluids increasing blood PH
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Anticipation of activity or emotional anxiety may stimulate the limbic system which then sends excitatory input to the inspiratory area increasing the rate and depth of ventilation
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Changes in oxygen concentration in blood are detected by chemoreceptor regions in the aorta and carotid artery which in turn send impulses to the medulla when oxygen level are falling without build up of carbon dioxide as in exercise which occurs at high altitude |
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Aging and the respiratory system In aging respiration rate increases, becoming more rapid and shallow. It is highest for newborns. As we age the chest wall becomes more rigid and the lungs begin to lose their elasticity, resulting in a slowly decreasing ability to ventilate the lungs. Vital capacity decreases by about one-third by the age of 70. Blood oxygen levels decreases and sensitivity to the stimulating effects of carbon dioxide decreases. |
As a result many elderly people tend to become hypoxic during sleep and exhibit sleep anea
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A decrease in blood level of oxygen decreases the activity of alveolar macrophages, and diminishes ciliary action of the epithelium lining reducing some of the protective mechanisms of the respiratory system |
Age related changes in the structure and functions of the lung can also contribute to an older person reduced ability to perform vigorous exercise such as running |
