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121 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When was the first record of TBA in Austria recorded?
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1526
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Who developed the wire trellising system? When?
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Dr Lenz Moser in the 1950s
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What happened to cause consumer doubt in Austrian wine quality? When?
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Diethylene glycol added to wine
1985 |
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What is the Austrian name for a winemaking region?
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Weinbaugebiete
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What are the four major wine making regions of Austria from N to S?
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Niederosterreich
Wein (Vienna) Burgenland Styria (Steiermark) |
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Which two Weinbaugebiete form most of Austria's production? What percentage?
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Niederosterreich
Burgenland 90% |
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What is the most cultivated grape in Austria? What percentage of total acreage?
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Gruner Veltliner
30% |
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Besides Gruner, what are the major white varietals of Austria?
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Welschriesling
Muller Thurgau Weissburgunder Riesling Chardonnay (Morillon, Feinburgunder) |
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What are the major red plantings of Austria?
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Zweigelt (Blaufrankisch x St. Laurent)
Blaufrankisch Blauer Portugieser Blauburger (Blaufrankisch x Blauer Portugeiser) |
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In 2009, what percentage of total plantings were white varietals in Austria?
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65%
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What are the three quality levels for wine in Austria?
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Wein
Landwein Qualitatswein |
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What are the specifications for Austrian Qualitatswein?
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Sourced from a single Weinbaugebiete or one of the 16 smaller wine regions
Produced from one or more of 35 permitted grapes Must pass a tasting panel and chemical analysis, giving it a State Control Number (Prufnummer) and a red or white banderole on the capsule |
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What is a Prufnummer?
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State control number given to Austrian Qualitatswein indicating that it has passed a tasting panel and chemical analysis
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What are the specifications for Austrian Wein?
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Generic category that replaced Tafelwein in 2009 vintage
May carry a vintage and varietal May not have a more exclusive statement of origin than Osterreich |
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What are the specifications for Austrian Landwein?
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Production is restricted to 35 varietals in Qualitatswein
Labeled with one of three Weinbauregionen |
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What are the three Weinbauregionen of Austria?
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Weinland
Steierland Bergland |
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What is Weinland in Austria?
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A weinbauregionen defined as the Weinbaugebiete Niederosterreich, Wein (Vienna) and Burgenland
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What is Steierland in Austria?
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A weinbauregionen defined as the Weinbaugebiete Styria (Steiermark)
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What is Bergland in Austria?
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A weinbauregionen defined as about 500 ha of vineyard land scattered through the remainder of Austria's mountainous countryside
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What are the maximum yields allowed for Austrian Wein, Landwein and Qualitatswein?
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9,000 kg/ha
67.5 hl/ha |
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Do minimum must weight requirements increase with each level of quality in Austrian wine?
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Yes
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What are the divisions of Qualitatswein in Austria?
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Pradikatswein
Districtus Austriae Controllatus |
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What are the levels of Pradikatswein in Austria?
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Spatlese
Auslese Beerenauslese Stohwein Eiswein Ausbruch Trockenbeerenauslese Kabinett is considered part of Qualitatswein |
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What restrictions are there on Pradikatswein and Kabinett wine in Austria?
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No chaptalization or sussreserve
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What is strohwein in Austria?
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Dried grapes of at least Beerenauslese ripeness
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What is ausbruch in Austria? How is it made?
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Sweet speciality wine of Rust in Neusiedlersee-Hugelland
Made similarly to Tokaji; richly concentrated botrytis-affected must is added to less concentrated must (from the same vineyard) and fermented together, then aged in barrel Traditionally from Furmint, but other grapes are now used |
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Where are sweet wines made in Austria?
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Around lake Neusiedlersee in Burgenland
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What are the DACs in Austria as of 2010?
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Weinviertel
Mittelburgenland Traisental Kremstal Kamptal Leithaberg Eisenberg |
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What are the sub-regions of Niederosterreich?
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Weinviertel
Carnuntum Thermenregion Wagram Traisental Kremstal Kamptal Wachau |
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What are the DACs of the Niederosterreich?
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Weinviertel
Traisental Kremstal Kamptal |
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What is the soil of Niederosterreich?
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Loess soils in the Pannonian Plain
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What is the largest winegrowing region in Austria?
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Niederosterreich
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What is the climate of Austria?
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Continental with hot dry summers and cold winters
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Where are most of the sub-zones located in the Niederosterreich?
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Along the Danube River
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What is Weinviertel? What are the permitted varietals?
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Austria's first DAC
Niederosterreich's largest sub-zone Wines from Gruner Veltliner |
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What are the allowed varietals in Traisental, Kamptal and Kremstal?
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Gruner Veltliner
Riesling |
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What is Erste Lange in Austria? Who names them?
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Top vineyards in Austria as named by the Osterreichischen Traditionsweinguter association of wine producers founded in 1992
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What is Wachau?
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Westernmost subregion of Niederosterreich
Has most of Austria's best vineyards but not a DAC |
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What is the wine classification hierarchy in Wachau in Austria? What is special about them?
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Steinfeder (local grass)
Federspiel (falconer's tool) Smaragd (emerald lizard) Typically display tones of botrytis |
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What is Vinea Wachau? What are their tenants? When was it founded? What is the total acreage?
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Organization of estates sworn to hold tenants of the Codes Wachau
No additives (including sugar) No aromatization (including new barrique) No fractionation Must be bottled in the region and grapes come from Wachau 1983 85% of Wachau |
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What is Burgenland in Austria? What is its climate?
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Weinbaugebite in Austria that produces the best red and sweet wines in Austria
Borders Hungary Hot continental climate with lake influence from Neusiedlersee (a lake) |
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What are the subregions of Burgenland?
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Mittelburdenland
Sudburgenland Neusiedlersee Neusiedlersee-Hugelland |
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What are the DACs of Burgenland?
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Mittelburgenland
Eisenberg (in Sudburgenland) Leithaberg (in Neusiedlersee-Hugelland) |
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What are the approved grapes in Mittelburgenland?
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Blaufrankisch
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What are the approved wines of Leithaberg?
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Whites may be SV or blends of Gruner, Chardonnay, Neuburger or Weissburgunder
Reds must be 85% Blaufrankisch |
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What are the approved grapes of Eisenberg?
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Blaufrankisch
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What is the most famous sweet wine in Austria?
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Alois Kracher's bottlins of esiwein, BA and TBA
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What is heuriger?
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A primeur wine consumed young in taverns of the same name
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What are the most cultivated grapes in Switzerland?
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Chasselas
Muller Thurgau Sylvaner (Johannisberg) Pinot Noir Gamay Noir Merlot |
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What is the most important canton in Switzerland? How much of the country's wine production is it responsible for?
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Valais
40% |
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What river runs through Valais?
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The northern part of the Rhone
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What are the most produced wines in Valais?
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Fendant (Chasselas)
Dole (Pinot Noir and Gamay) Vin des Glaxier (maderized solera wine from Reze) |
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What is Vaud? What are the grapes typically grown there?
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Canton on the north shore of lake Geneva
Dorin (Chasselas) |
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What are the regional AOCs of Vaud?
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Chablais
La Cote Lavaux Vully Bonvillars Cotes de l'Orbe |
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What are the grand crus of Vaud?
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Dezaley
Calamin |
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What are the traditional AOCs of Vaud?
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Dorin (Chasselas)
Salvagnin (blend of Gamay, Pinot Noir and crossings of Gamaret and Garanoir) |
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What is Geneva?
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Canton on SW shore of Lake Geneva containing Switzerland's densest plantings
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What is Neuchatel? What are the varietals?
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Wine producing canton in Switzerland that produces wines with extended lees contact, typically unfiltered Chasselas
Pinot Noir and Chasselas |
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What is Assyrtiko?
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(A seer’ tee ko) Greek white varietal originally from Santorini but now throughout Greece
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What is Malagousia?
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(Mah lah gou zya’) Greek white varietal from Macedonia, Peloponnesa
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What is Moschofilero?
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(Mos ko fee’ le ro) Greek white varietal from Mantinia in Peloponnese
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What is Roditis?
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(Ro dee’ tees) Greek white varietal from Attica, Macedonia, Thessaly and Peloponnese
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What is White Muscat?
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Greek white varietal from Samos, Patra and Rio of Patra
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What is Xynomavro?
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(Ksee no’ ma vro) Red Greed varietal. Translates as “sour black.” The predominant grape in Macedonia
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What is Agiorgitiko?
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(Ah yor yee’ ti ko) Red Greek varietal. “St George” – AOC region Nemea in the Peloponnese
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What is Mavrodaphne?
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(Mav ro tha’f nee) Red Greek varietal. Translates as “black laurel.” Found in the Peloponnesean regions of Achaia and Ilia as well as the Ionian Islands
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What are PDOs of Greek wine law?
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Controlled Appellation of Origin (AOC/OPE - traditionally for sweet wine)
Appellation of Superior Quality (AOSQ/OPAP) PDO Wines of Greece |
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What are the requirements for PDO Reserve in Greece?
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Reserve White - 1 year min, 6 mo in barrel min, 3 mo in bottle min
Reserve Red - 2 year min, 1 yr in barrel min, 6 mo in bottle min |
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What are the requirements for PDO Grand Reserve in Greece?
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Grand Reserve White - 2 year min, 1 yr in barrel min, 6 mo in bottle min
Grand Reserve Red - 4 year min, 2 yr in barrel min, 1 yr in bottle min |
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What are the PGIs of Greek wine?
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Includes traditional appellations of Retsina and Verdea
Divided into regional, district, and area level |
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What is Retsina? What are the grapes? Are there any labeling restrictions?
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Oxidative white wine produced on Zakynthos in the Ionian Sea
Flavored with Aleppo pine resin Typically from Savvatiano grapes NV |
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What does Cava mean in Greek wine?
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For PGI whites and roses, minimum one year ageing (min 6 mo in oak)
For PGI reds, minimum three years ageing (min 1 year in oak) |
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How do you indicate more than required ageing in oak for PGI Greek wines?
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"Palaiomenos se vareli" will appear on the label
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When were Greece's wine laws established? Appellations
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1969 and 1970
1971 |
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What is Thrace?
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Region in NE Greece
No PDO appellations |
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What is Macedonia? What are its PDOs?
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Region in NE Greece
Naoussa Amyneto Goumenissa Cotes de Meliton |
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What is Naoussa?
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PDO in Macedona (reds from Xinomavro)
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What is Amynteo?
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PDO in Macedonia (reds and roses from Xinomavro)
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What is Goumenissa?
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PDO in Macedonia (reds fromXinomavro and min 20% Negoska)
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What is Slopes of Meliton?
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PDO in Macedonia, single appellation for Domaine Carras
Reds from Cab Sav, Cab Franc and Limnio Whites from Assyrtiko, Athiri and Rhoditis |
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What is Thessalia? What are its PDOs?
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Region in Greece south of Macedonia
Rapsani |
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What is Rapsani?
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PDO in Thessalia on the lower slopes of Mt Olympus
Reds from Xinomavro blended with Roditis and Savvatiano |
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What is Epirus? What are its PDOs?
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Region in Greece on the Ionian Coast west of Thessalia
Zitsa |
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What is Zitsa?
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PDO in Epirus
Dry, semisweet and sparkling wines from Debina |
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What is Central Greece? What is another name for it? What are its PDOs?
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Region in Greece also called Sterea Ellada
Most famous for Retsina There are no PDOs |
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What are the Ionian Islands? Which one is a PDO?
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Islands off the west coast of Greece
Cephalonia |
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What is Cephalonia?
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Ionian island
PDO for dry whites from Robola PDO for sweet wines from Mavrodaphne and Muscat |
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What is Peloponnese?
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A region in southern Greece, barely a penninsula
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What are the PDOs of the northern Peloponnese?
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Nemea
Mantinia Patras |
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What is Nemea? What are is the nickname for its wine?
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PDO in northern Peloponnese with sweet and red wines from Agiorgitiko
Blood of Hercules (Blood of the Lion) |
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What is Mantinia?
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PDO in northern Peloponnese
Wines from Moschofilero |
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What is Patras?
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PDO in northern Peloponnese
Dry wines from Roditis Also has dessert wine appellations |
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What are the dessert wine PDOs of Patras?
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Muscat of Patras
Muscat of Rio Patras Mavrodaphne of Patras |
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Describe the wines of Muscat of Patras and Muscat of Rio Patras?
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VDN or naturally sweet from Muscat Blanc a Petit Grains
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Describe the wines of Mavrodaphne of Patras?
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Sweet fortified red from Mavrodaphne and Mavri Korinthiaki (Currant grape used to raise sugar content of wine)
Aged one year in wood at least Can be vintage, NV, or solera |
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What is Monemvassia-Malvasia?
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Small PDO zone in SW Peloponnese
Sweet oxidized wines from min 51% Monemvassia |
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What are the PDOs for Crete?
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Peza
Sitia Archanes Dafnes |
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What are the non-Crete Agean Island PDOs?
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Santorini
Paros Lemnos Rhodes Muscat of Lemnos Muscat of Rhodes Muscat of Samos |
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What are the red PDOs of Crete?
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Archanes (Mandilaria with Kotsifali)
Dafnes (Liatiko grape) |
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What are the Red/White PDOs of Crete?
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Sitia (W-Vilana, R-Liatiko)
Peza (W-Vilana, R-Mandilaria with Kotsifali) |
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What is Santorini?
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PDO North of Crete
White wines from Assyrtiko Stefani traning into baskets |
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What is Paros?
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PDO North of Crete
Whites from Monemvassia Reds from Mandilaria and Monemvassia |
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What is Samos?
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Island for PDO Muscat of Samos
Produced from Muscat Blanc a Petits Grans Produced in VdL, VdN and naturally sweet versions (Samos Nectar - similar to vin de paille) |
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What is Lemnos?
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Island north of the Cyclades
2 PDOs - Lemnos and Muscat of Lemnos Whites from Muscat and may be dry or sweet |
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What is Rhodes?
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Island east of the Cyclades
2 PDOs - Rhodes and Muscat of Rhodes Red and white varietal wines from Mandilaria and Athiri |
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What does Aszu mean?
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Indicates grapes with high sugar levels affected by botrytis?
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When was Tokaji first classified?
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1700
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When does Aszu first appear in literature?
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1571
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What is the Tokaj region?
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Region in Hungary at the convergence of two rivers, sheltered by the Carpathian Mountains
Continental climate with long humid autumns |
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How are Tokaj vineyards classified?
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Into 1st, 2nd and 3rd growths
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What are the grapes of Tokjai Aszu?
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Furmint
Harslevelu Sarga Muskoatly (Muscat Blanc a Petit Grains) Zeta (Oremus) Kabar Koverszolo |
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What are puttony?
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Traditional containers that hold 25 kg
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What is esszencia?
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Wine made from free run juice of Aszu
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How is Tokjai Aszu made?
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Aszu is made into a paste and then a number of puttony with aszu paste are added to gonci barrels of non-aszu must/wine
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How large is a gonc?
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136L
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How long is Tokaji Aszu aged?
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Two in barrels, one in bottle
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How long does esszencia take to ferment? What is the final alcohol level? RS?
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It can take decades to reach 4-6% alcohol
Can be up to 800 g/L |
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What are the typical Puttonyos and RS levels for Tokaji Aszu?
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3 Puttonyos 60 g/L
4 Puttonyos 90 g/L 5 Puttonyos 120 g/L 6 Puttonyos 150 g/L Aszuesszencia (7-9) Puttonyos 180 g/L Naturesszencia 250 g/L |
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What is Tokaji Szamorodni?
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"As it comes"
Mixture of aszu and non-aszu grapes Often oxidative because it is matured in cask for two years under flor May be edes (sweet) or szaras (dry) |
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What is Tokaji Forditas?
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Ripasso
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What is Tokaji Maslas?
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Refermenting wine with spent lees from Tokjai Aszu
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