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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The ______is the most accessible health care professional
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pharmacist
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The OTC section of a pharmacy provides the pharmacist with an opportunity to act in a ________capacity
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primary care
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By acting in a professional manner and carefully providing guidance in selection of products pharmacists can help patients ________appropriately
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self-medicate
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OTC medications allow patients to manage their medical problems ___, ___, and ______
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rapidly, economically and conveniently
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In 2004 $15.1 billion was spent on _______and medications
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OTC products
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T or F Product lines keep expanding….there are soooo many choices!
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T
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There are over 400 ________that are treatable with one or more OTC products
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medical disorders
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T or F In an MIT study, 19 ingredients of cough and cold products in all dosage forms and manufacturers = 6840 possible choices!
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T
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What is the difference between National and store brands?
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National: is brand name, the products we see and hear advertised
Store brand: is a generic under the store name which is comparable to the brand name product, but sold under the store’s name and lable |
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s brand name, the products we see and hear advertised
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national
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s a generic under the store name which is comparable to the
brand name product, but sold under the store’s name and lable |
store brand
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Why do patients get confused about national versus store brand?
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Patients tend to think that store brands are not as good as national brands
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What accounts for a major part of the price for brand name products? Explain
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Advertising (over 40%), Media spending is increasing at a rate of 17% per year
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Do pharmacists influence what patients purchase in regards to OTC meds? Explain?
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Yes! 85% of patients purchase the product when recommended by a pharmacist. Nearly 43% of OTC purchases made in 2003 were made in pharmacies.
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What are some good techniques to use for patient assessment and consultation?
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Communicate,
Questions-ask a lot, who is being treated? Listen, Observe-if the condition is serious say there isnt’t really anything I can tell u to mk that better. I’d recommend u go to the ER” Evaluate Special considerations-ie. pediatric, pregnant, etc., *Be careful for pediatric doses, nursing and pregnant pts Recommend |
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Review important questions to ask pages 4 and 5.
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Please describe the problem or condition?
Are you the patient? If not, who is? Age? Weight? (especially if a child) When did it start? Is it persistent or does it come and go? Does it inhibit you in any way? Have you had this condition before? Does anything make it worse? What have you done so far? –if the patient has tried 2-3 products already or if they have had the condition for longer than 10 days they really should see a doctor Does anything make it better? Are there any other existing medical conditions? Is the patient taking anything else? Vitamins? Supplements? Etc. Is patient allergic to any OTC drug?/ Anything Else? |
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What should be done when making a recommendation after a patient asks you for advice?
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Ask questions to really find out whats going on,
decide if OTC is right for this, if it Is, recommend at least two types of products for them, tell the pt to see MD if no improvement after using the medication if OTC not right then tell them to see a doctor (if the product is for teeth-recommend they see a dentist) |
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When is it best to avoid most OTC drugs?
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When the patient is pregnant
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What things should pregnant women take for supplements and for pain?
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Only vitamins prescribed by MD and possibly calcium,
APAP is best analgesic but NSAIDs can be fine for early in pregnancy but not later on |
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What is the benefit to prescribed prenatal vitamins vs OTC ones?
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The prescribed ones have the maximum amounts of everything that need. The OTC ones are better than nothing but not as good as taking the RX ones
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What analgesics should not be used during nursing? What about other analgesics?
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Aspirin and salicylates (A salt or ester of salicylic acid) should not be used
-NSAIDs should not be used in later pregnancy (only ok to use in early pregnancy) Most others are ok to use |
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List of Analgesics that are ok to use in pregnancy:
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NSAIDS-ONLY in EARLY pregnancy (NOT later on)
n Acetaminophen n Antacids Anti-diarrheal agents n Mild laxatives n Vitamins n Some antihistamines n Gastric antisecretory agents n Cough syrups n Decongestants |
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What are important things to remember with pediatric patients?(3)
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1. Check label for appropriate does with regard to age and/or weight.
2. If under recommended age, check ref. or tell parent to contact MD 3. Suggest possible solutions to overcome undesirable taste (ie. flavoring) |
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What age is considered to be a geriatric patient? About how many RX meds and OTCs sold in the US do they consume?
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Age 65+
1/3 RX’s 40% (almost half) OTCs |
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Most geriatric patients have pre-existing what and are already taking what?
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Have pre-existing medical conditions and
are already taking several RX drugs and often OTC analgesics, vitamins, laxatives antacids, etc. |
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When should antihistamines be avoided in geriatric patients?
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When they have glaucoma, bronchitis, emphysema or urinary retention
(Buge) |
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When should decongestants be avoided in geriatric patients?
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When they have heart disease, hypertension, thyroid disease or diabetes
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What is the most common ailment for which patients seek medical care?
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Pain
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What is pain?
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Unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage
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What are the 3 types of pain?
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Acute,
Chronic from malignancy, and Chronic not from malignancy |
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What is the most common pain complaint?
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Headache
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What are the two broad categories of headaches and what are they? Can all HA’s be treated by OTC meds?
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Primary = no underlying illness causing it, it’s just a headache by itself
Secondary = headache caused by some other disease or ailment No, not all HA’s can be treated with OTC meds |
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Which type of HA primary or secondary
no underlying illness causing it, it’s just a headache by itself |
primary
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Which type of HA primary or secondary
headache caused by some other disease or ailment |
secondary
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What is a chronic headache?
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One that is present at least 15 days out of the month
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Which type of HA?
present at least 15 days out of the month |
chronic
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What is a tension type headache, what causes it?
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Pain or tightness in the muscles of the upper back, neck, or scalp from stress, anxiety, depression, emotional conflict, fatigue, or repeated hospitality
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Which type of HA?
Pain or tightness in the muscles of the upper back, neck, or scalp from stress, anxiety, depression, emotional conflict, fatigue, or repeated hospitality |
tension HA
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Tension headaches may be ___ or ___
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Tension HA’s may be chronic or episodic
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this type of HA May be chronic of episodic
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Tension HA
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What are the S&S of tension HA’s?
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Bilateral diffuse pain over the top of the head and extending to the rear and base of the skull,
Pain may radiate to shoulders. May be like a tightness or pressure and is typically more of an aching than a throbbing |
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Which HA has these signs and symptoms
Bilateral diffuse pain over the top of the head and extending to the rear and base of the skull, Pain may radiate to shoulders. May be like a tightness or pressure and is typically more of an aching than a throbbing |
TENSION
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What are vascular headaches, what do they include? How are they treated?
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Recurrent hemicranial, and throbbing headache. Includes migraines and cluster headaches
Migrain headaches are self-treatable Cluster headaches require medical referral |
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This HA requires medical referral
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Vascular HA
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These are signs of which HA?
Recurrent hemicranial, and throbbing headache. Includes migraines and cluster headaches Migrain headaches are self-treatable |
Vascular HA
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What is the most common pain complaint?
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Headache
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What are the two broad categories of headaches and what are they? Can all HA’s be treated by OTC meds?
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Primary = no underlying illness causing it, it’s just a headache by itself
Secondary = headache caused by some other disease or ailment No, not all HA’s can be treated with OTC meds |
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Which type of HA primary or secondary
no underlying illness causing it, it’s just a headache by itself |
primary
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Which type of HA primary or secondary
headache caused by some other disease or ailment |
secondary
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What is a chronic headache?
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One that is present at least 15 days out of the month
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Which type of HA?
present at least 15 days out of the month |
chronic
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What is a tension type headache, what causes it?
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Pain or tightness in the muscles of the upper back, neck, or scalp from stress, anxiety, depression, emotional conflict, fatigue, or repeated hospitality
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Which type of HA?
Pain or tightness in the muscles of the upper back, neck, or scalp from stress, anxiety, depression, emotional conflict, fatigue, or repeated hospitality |
tension HA
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Tension headaches may be ___ or ___
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Tension HA’s may be chronic or episodic
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this type of HA May be chronic of episodic
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Tension HA
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What are the S&S of tension HA’s?
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Bilateral diffuse pain over the top of the head and extending to the rear and base of the skull,
Pain may radiate to shoulders. May be like a tightness or pressure and is typically more of an aching than a throbbing |
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Which HA has these signs and symptoms
Bilateral diffuse pain over the top of the head and extending to the rear and base of the skull, Pain may radiate to shoulders. May be like a tightness or pressure and is typically more of an aching than a throbbing |
TENSION
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What are vascular headaches, what do they include? How are they treated?
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Recurrent hemicranial, and throbbing headache. Includes migraines and cluster headaches
Migrain headaches are self-treatable Cluster headaches require medical referral |
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This HA requires medical referral
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Vascular HA
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These are signs of which HA?
Recurrent hemicranial, and throbbing headache. Includes migraines and cluster headaches Migrain headaches are self-treatable |
Vascular HA
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What are the S&S of a Vascular HA?
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Throbbing headache on one side of the head, may have aura or not (most common without aura)
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These are S& S of which type of HA?
Throbbing headache on one side of the head, may have aura or not (most common without aura) |
Vasuclar
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Who is most likely to get migraines and when?
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In children both genders get equally,
after puberty women are 3 times more likely to get them, most common in people in their 50’s |
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What are the S&S for cluster HA, who gets them the most?
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Unilateral throbbing around the eyes, generally at night, males get them the most
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These are S& S of which type of HA?
Unilateral throbbing around the eyes, generally at night, males get them the most |
cluster HA
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How are vascular HA treated?
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Cluster should be referred to physician as OTC does not work well
Migraine can be self-treatable by: a change of lifestyle, avoid HA triggers: nitrates, tyrimine, caffeine, aspartame increase magnesium, can use OTC analgesics |
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Which HA?
Intense pain in the forehead and periorbital area (diffused across forehead; around eyes) |
sinus
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What is a Sinus HA, what are the S&S?
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Intense pain in the forehead and periorbital area (diffused across forehead; around eyes),
S and S: patient usually has signs of sinus infection, inflamed clogged nasal passages the HA is usually worst upon wakening and stooping over or blowing nose increases pain |
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These are signs and symptoms of which HA?
S and S: patient usually has signs of sinus infection, inflamed clogged nasal passages the HA is usually worst upon wakening and stooping over or blowing nose increases pain |
Sinus HA
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How can one tell if one has a sinus infection or not from blowing their nose?
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colored mucous=sinus infection
clear mucous=no infection |
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How should Sinus HA be treated?
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Infection cant really be treated with OTC because most sinus HA’s are a result of a sinus infection.
So refer pt to a doctor for an antibiotic. but temporary relief can be provided by OTCproducts indicated for sinus HA |
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This HA is treated by
Infection cant really be treated with OTC because most sinus HA’s are a result of a sinus infection. So refer pt to a doctor for an antibiotic. but temporary relief can be provided by OTCproducts indicated for sinus HA |
Sinus HA
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What is a hangover headache caused by, how can it be treated?
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Caused by buildup of acetalaldehyde which is a toxic metabolite of ethanol,
OTC may provide some relief |
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This HA is aused by buildup of acetalaldehyde which is a toxic metabolite of ethanol,
OTC may provide some relief |
hangover HA
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What is acetaldehyde?
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A byproduct of alcohol metabolism
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