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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hypoxia |
Low oxygen |
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Anoxia |
No oxygen |
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Reversible Cellular Damage |
If nucleus is not damaged, the cell will repair |
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Irreversible Cellular Damage |
Nucleus is damaged, results in necrosis |
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Necrosis |
Reflects all cellular death |
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Ischemia |
lack of blood supply to an area that may cause hypoxia or anoxia and thus tissue damage or death |
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Liquefaction |
dead cells liquefy to form pus
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Coagulative |
Cell breaks down but retains shape |
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Gangrene |
Infection of coagulative necrosis, liquefaction and wet turns into dry, blackened mess |
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Caseous Necrosis |
Coagulative necrosis in TB patients |
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Fat Necrosis |
Necrosis occurring in fat tissue |
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Hypertrophic Calcification |
ossification where it shouldn't be |
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Atrophy |
reduction in cell size |
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Hypertrophy |
Increase in cell size |
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Hyperplasia |
Increase in cell numbers |
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Hypoplasia |
Decrease in cell numbers |
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Metaplasia |
changing of the cell from one type to another |
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5 Signs of Inflammation |
1. Heat
2. Redness 3. Swelling 4. Pain 5. Loss of function |
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Histamine Reaction |
The initial response to injury |
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Triple Response |
1. Red line 2. Red flare surrounding area 3. Wheal due |
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Transduction |
increased blood vessel permeability that allows blood cells and fluid to leak into extracellular and interstitial spaces |
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Result of Vasodilatation |
The red effect and edema of the skin |
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Bradykinin |
Similar to Histamine (vasodilation) but reacts more slowly, causes pain |
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Rouleaux |
Stacks of erythrocytes |
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Types of Exudate |
-Serous (watery)
-Fibrinous (thick) -Purulent (pus) -Hemorrhagic (blood) |
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Mast cells and platelets release these chemicals |
-Bradykinin -Serotonin -Histamine -Prostaglandins |
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Acute Inflammation |
-Lasts a few hours to a few days -5 cardinal signs |
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Subacute Inflammation |
-Lasts a few hours to a few weeks -Decreased symptoms |
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Chronic Inflammation |
-After a few days or weeks as healing occurs -Facilitates scar tissue formation |
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Acute on Chronic |
Re-injury of unhealed area |
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5 Stages of healing |
1. Proliferation 2. Granulation 3. Organization 4. Scarring 5. Remodelling |
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Proliferation |
Contraction of the wound (myofibrils pull edges together) |
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Granulation |
Blood Vessels form under wound |
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Organization Stage |
Tissues become organized, fibrin laid down |
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Scarring Stage |
Collagen forms over wound |
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Remodelling Stage |
scar becomes more like original tissue |
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P.O.L.I.C.E. |
Protect Optimal Loading Ice Compress Elevate |
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Bone Healing |
Collagen forms around stress of bone creating trabeculae |
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Pressure Ulcer |
Occurs over bony prominence |
