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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Presternal region:
- is bordered by the margins of sternum+ - extends up to the osseous ends of the ribs - it is possible to provide the sternal puncture in this region+ - is anteriorly covered only by the periosteum |
Presternal region:
- is bordered by the margins of sternum+ - it is possible to provide the sternal puncture in this region+ |
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Anterior axillary line:
- corresponds to the position of proximal segment of the cephalic vein - runs through the anterior axillary fold+ - represents the borderline between the axilla and thorax+ - is perpendicular to the node of Sorgius |
Anterior axillary line:
- runs through the anterior axillary fold+ - represents the borderline between the axilla and thorax+ |
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Intercostal spaces:
- covers on their inner faces the endothoracic fascia+ - in their middle segments are placed intercostal lymphatic nodes - from the 3rd one caudally do not contain the intercostalis internus - from the 7th caudally intercostal nerves exit and descend to the abdominal wall+ |
Intercostal spaces:
- covers on their inner faces the endothoracic fascia+ - from the 7th caudally intercostal nerves exit and descend to the abdominal wall+ |
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Attachments of the ribs onto the sternum:
- the 1st – 7th ribs are attached directly to the sternum + - 1st rib has on the sternum a common attachment with the clavicle - the 8th rib attaches on the cartilage of the 7th rib+ - the costal cartilages ossify after the 40th year |
Attachments of the ribs onto the sternum:
- the 1st – 7th ribs are attached directly to the sternum + - the 8th rib attaches on the cartilage of the 7th rib+ |
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Pleura:
- the pleural cupula proceeds into the scaleno-vertebral triangle+ - the visceral pleura extends into the interlobar fissures+ - the parietal pleura does not have sensory innervation - the parietal pleura joins with the visceral pleura around the opening of the pulmonary artery |
Pleura:
- the pleural cupula proceeds into the scaleno-vertebral triangle+ - the visceral pleura extends into the interlobar fissures+ |
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The borders of the lungs:
- dorsally correspond to those of the parietal pleura+ - the left interlobar fissure runs approximately along the 4th rib - the right horizontal interlobar fissure runs along the 4th rib+ - the left inferior pulmonary lobe completely fills the costo-diaphragmatic depression |
The borders of the lungs:
- dorsally correspond to those of the parietal pleura+ - the right horizontal interlobar fissure runs along the 4th rib+ |
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The division of the mediastinum:
- corresponds to the projection of the pulmonary interlobar fissures - the mediastinum is subdivided into the anterior, middle and posterior, a superior division does not exist - anterior mediastinum contains the parasternal lymphatic nodes+ - whole thoracic part of the esophagus is found in the posterior mediastinum+ |
The division of the mediastinum:
- anterior mediastinum contains the parasternal lymphatic nodes+ - whole thoracic part of the esophagus is found in the posterior mediastinum+ |
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Superior mediastinum:
- projects behind the manubrium sterni+ - contains remnants of thymus and large veins and arteries+ - exceeds over the 1st rib into the pleural cupula - on the right side contains the pulmonary ligament |
Superior mediastinum:
- projects behind the manubrium sterni+ - contains remnants of thymus and large veins and arteries+ |
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Middle mediastinum:
- contains heart in the pericardial sac+ - vagus n. is located on the right side - caudally does not extends to the diaphragm - phrenic nerves are between the parietal pleura and pericardium + |
Middle mediastinum:
- contains heart in the pericardial sac+ - phrenic nerves are between the parietal pleura and pericardium + |
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Abdominal regions:
- the epigastrium is a space between the anterior wall of stomach and the diaphragm - the hypogastrium is a space between the posterior wall of stomach and anterior face of the pancreas - the pubic region is the same area as the hypogastrium+ - the term „hypochondrium“ designates the subcostal region+ |
Abdominal regions:
- the pubic region is the same area as the hypogastrium+ - the term „hypochondrium“ designates the subcostal region+ |
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Sensitive innervation of the abdominal wall:
- comes from the intercostal nerves and from some nerves of the lumbar plexus+ - comes only from the nerves of the lumbar plexus - parietal peritoneum is on the right side innervated by the vagus n. and on the left by the sympathetic fibres - the Head´s zones project the abdominal organs into the other body regions+ |
Sensitive innervation of the abdominal wall:
- comes from the intercostal nerves and from some nerves of the lumbar plexus+ - the Head´s zones project the abdominal organs into the other body regions+ |
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Motor innervation of the abdominal muscles:
- comes from the sacral plexus - has its sources in the intercostal nerves and partially in the lumbar plexus+ - does not come from the phrenic nerve+ - all abdominal muscles have their innervation from the dorsal rami of L1 - L5 |
Motor innervation of the abdominal muscles:
- has its sources in the intercostal nerves and partially in the lumbar plexus+ - does not come from the phrenic nerve+ |
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The rectus sheath:
- does not have the same arrangement along the whole length of the muscle+ - is attached to the muscle by the tendinous intersections+ - is not covered below the umbilicus by the transverse fascia - continues onto the thigh as the medial part of fascia lata |
The rectus sheath:
- does not have the same arrangement along the whole length of the muscle+ - is attached to the muscle by the tendinous intersections+ |
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The direct inguinal hernia:
- passes the whole inguinal canal - passes the medial inguinal fossa+ - runs medially to the inferior epigastric vasa+ - presses in front to it the cord of umbilical artery |
The direct inguinal hernia:
- passes the medial inguinal fossa+ - runs medially to the inferior epigastric vasa+ |
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The attachment of the transverse mesocolon:
- separates the tributary regions of the coeliac trunk and the mesenteric arteries+ - separates the innervation regions of the vagus n. and the of sacral parasympathetic nn. - crosses the descending part of the duodenum+ - separates the tributary regions of the portal vein and the azygos vein |
The attachment of the transverse mesocolon:
- separates the tributary regions of the coeliac trunk and the mesenteric arteries+ - crosses the descending part of the duodenum+ |
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Duodenum:
- consists of the descending, infra-pancreatic and the ascending part - most of it is placed secondary retroperitoneally+ - is supplied by the branches of coeliac trunk and the superior mesenteric a.+ - whole duodenum belongs to the contents of the supra-mesocolic part of the abdominal cavity |
Duodenum:
- most of it is placed secondary retroperitoneally+ - is supplied by the branches of coeliac trunk and the superior mesenteric a.+ |
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Omental bursa (lesser sac):
- is located in the supra-mesocolic part of the abdominal cavity+ - is located secondary retroperitoneally - its posterior wall represents the transversal fascia - is developmental derivative of both the ventral and dorsal mesentery+ |
Omental bursa (lesser sac):
- is located in the supra-mesocolic part of the abdominal cavity+ - is developmental derivative of both the ventral and dorsal mesentery+ |
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Hepatoduodenal ligament:
- contains the common bile duct and the portal vein+ - is another term for the round hepatic ligament - is absent by the agenesis of the gall bladder - represents the caudal margin of the original ventral mesentery+ |
Hepatoduodenal ligament:
- contains the common bile duct and the portal vein+ - represents the caudal margin of the original ventral mesentery+ |
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Portal vein:
- originates as the junction of the splenic and superior mesenteric vein+ - is located in the hepatic porta ventrally to the cystic duct - does not receive the veins from the head of pancreas - drains also the blood from the greater omentum+ |
Portal vein:
- originates as the junction of the splenic and superior mesenteric vein+ - drains also the blood from the greater omentum+ |
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Spleen:
- is located ventrally to the left colic flexure - its long axis is parallel to the 10th rib+ - its whole surface is covered by the visceral peritoneum+ - is attached to the diaphragm by the splenocolic ligament |
Spleen:
- its long axis is parallel to the 10th rib+ - its whole surface is covered by the visceral peritoneum+ |
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Gall bladder:
- has a layer of smooth muscle cells in its wall + - its fundus projects into the McBurney´s point - consists of a fundus, body and neck+ - is not developed in the newborns |
Gall bladder:
- has a layer of smooth muscle cells in its wall + - consists of a fundus, body and neck+ |
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Scapular notch (Incisura scapulae):
- is a notch on lateral edge of the scapula - contains the vasa suprascapularis - is bridged by the superior transverse scapular ligament+ - contains the n. suprascapularis+ |
Scapular notch (Incisura scapulae):
- is bridged by the superior transverse scapular ligament+ - contains the n. suprascapularis+ |
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Omotricipital foramen (Foramen omotricipitale):
- is bordered by the humerus medially - is bordered by the m. teres minor proximally+ - contains the vasa circumflexa scapulae+ - contains the n. infrascapularis |
Omotricipital foramen (Foramen omotricipitale):
- is bordered by the m. teres minor proximally+ - contains the vasa circumflexa scapulae+ |
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Humerotricipital foramen (Foramen humerotricipitale):
- is bordered by the humerus medially - is bordered by the m. teres major distally+ - contains the n. axillaris+ - contains the a. circumflexa humeri ant. |
Humerotricipital foramen (Foramen humerotricipitale):
- is bordered by the m. teres major distally+ - contains the n. axillaris+ |
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Axilla:
- is hexagonal pyramid shaped - is ventrally bordered by the m. pectoralis major+ - is medially bordered by the humerus and its muscles - contains terminal part of the a. subclavia+ |
Axilla:
- is ventrally bordered by the m. pectoralis major+ - contains terminal part of the a. subclavia+ |
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Medial bicipital groove (Sulcus bicipitalis medialis):
- runs between the anterior and lateral group of muscles of the arm - contains the n. cutaneus antebrachii med.+ - contains the v. basilica+ - contains terminal branches of the n. musculocutaneus |
Medial bicipital groove (Sulcus bicipitalis medialis):
- contains the n. cutaneus antebrachii med.+ - contains the v. basilica+ |
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Cubital fossa (Fossa cubitalis):
- is medially bordered by the m. pronator teres+ - contains the n. cutaneus antebrachii lat. - is proximally bordered the m. biceps brachii+ - contains terminal branches of the n. axillaris |
Cubital fossa (Fossa cubitalis):
- is medially bordered by the m. pronator teres+ - is proximally bordered the m. biceps brachii+ |
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Pronatory canal (Canalis pronatorius):
- runs between the heads of m. supinator - contains the n. medianus+ - contains the a. brachialis - runs between heads of the m. flexor digitorum spf. |
Pronatory canal (Canalis pronatorius):
- contains the n. medianus+ - runs between heads of the m. flexor digitorum spf.+ |
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Supinatory canal (Canalis supinatorius):
- runs between portions of the m. supinator+ - contains the n. radialis and its branches+ - contains the a. brachialis and its branches - runs between portions of the m. flexor digitorum prof. |
Supinatory canal (Canalis supinatorius):
- runs between portions of the m. supinator+ - contains the n. radialis and its branches+ |
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Foveola radialis:
- is bordered by the m. flexor pollicis longus distally - contains the v. basilica - contains the r. superficialis n. radialis+ - is bordered by the m. abductor pollicis longus palmary+ |
Foveola radialis:
- contains the r. superficialis n. radialis+ - is bordered by the m. abductor pollicis longus palmary+ |
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Carpal canal (Canalis carpi):
- is bordered by the ossa carpi ulnari+ - contains the n. ulnaris - contains the n. medianus+ - is bordered by the lig. carpi obliquum palmary |
Carpal canal (Canalis carpi):
- is bordered by the ossa carpi ulnari+ - contains the n. medianus+ |
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Ulnar canal (Canalis ulnaris):
- contains the n. ulnaris+ - is bordered by the lig. pisohamatum dorsally - is bordered by the m. palmaris brevis palmary - contains the a. ulnaris+ |
Ulnar canal (Canalis ulnaris):
- contains the n. ulnaris+ - contains the a. ulnaris+ |
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Cubital fossa (Fossa cubitalis) contains:
- n. radialis+ - n. ulnaris - n. medianus+ - n. axillaris |
Cubital fossa (Fossa cubitalis) contains:
- n. radialis+ - n. medianus+ |
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Axilla contains:
- n. radialis+ - n. suprascapularis - n. infrascapularis - n. ulnaris+ |
Axilla contains:
- n. radialis+ - n. ulnaris+ |
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Carpal canal (Canalis carpi) contains:
- tendons of the m. flexor digitorum spf.+ - tendons of the m. flexor digitorum prof.+ - the r. profundus n. ulnaris - the r. profundus n. radialis |
Carpal canal (Canalis carpi) contains:
- tendons of the m. flexor digitorum spf.+ - tendons of the m. flexor digitorum prof.+ |
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Spinoglenoidal notch (Incisura spinoglenoidalis):
- contains the n. suprascapularis+ - contains the vasa suprascapularia+ |
Spinoglenoidal notch (Incisura spinoglenoidalis):
- contains the n. suprascapularis+ - contains the vasa suprascapularia+ |
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Gretear sciatic foramen (Foramen ischiadicum majus):
- is bordered by the lig. sacrospinale medially - is bordered by the lig. sacrotuberale caudally - contains the vasa glutea sup.+ - contains the vasa glutea inf.+ |
Gretear sciatic foramen (Foramen ischiadicum majus):
- contains the vasa glutea sup.+ - contains the vasa glutea inf.+ |
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Suprapiriform foramen (Foramen suprapiriforme):
- is bordered by the m. piriformis caudally+ - contains the n. gluteus sup.+ - contains the vasa circumflexa femoris post. - contains the n. suprapiriformis |
Suprapiriform foramen (Foramen suprapiriforme):
- is bordered by the m. piriformis caudally+ - contains the n. gluteus sup.+ |
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Infrapiriform foramen (Foramen infrapiriforme):
- is bordered by the m. piriformis caudally - contains the vasa glutea inf.+ - contains the n. pudendus+ - contains the a. circumflexa femoris ant. |
Infrapiriform foramen (Foramen infrapiriforme):
- contains the vasa glutea inf.+ - contains the n. pudendus+ |
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Lesser sciatic foramen (Foramen ischiadicum minus):
- contains the a. pudenda interna+ - is bordered by the lig. sacrotuberale dorsally - contains the n. pudendus+ - contains the terminal branches of the n. cutaneus feomoris post. |
Lesser sciatic foramen (Foramen ischiadicum minus):
- contains the a. pudenda interna+ - contains the n. pudendus+ |
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Lacuna vasorum:
- runs between anterior and medial group of muscles of thigh - contains the n. cutaneus femoris med. - contains the r. femoralis n. genitofemoralis+ - contains the vasa femoralia+ |
Lacuna vasorum:
- contains the r. femoralis n. genitofemoralis+ - contains the vasa femoralia+ |
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Lacuna musculorum:
- is bordered by the arcus iliopectineus medially+ - contains n. cutaneus femoris lat.+ - is bordered by the m. transversus abdominis ventrally - contains the vasa femoralia |
Lacuna musculorum:
- is bordered by the arcus iliopectineus medially+ - contains n. cutaneus femoris lat.+ |
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Femoral triangle (Trigonum femorale):
- is bordered by the m. adductor longus medially+ - contains the n. ischiadicus - contains the a. femoralis+ - runs between heads of the m. adductor brevis |
Femoral triangle (Trigonum femorale):
- is bordered by the m. adductor longus medially+ - contains the a. femoralis+ |
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Adductory canal (Canalis adductorius):
- runs between portions of the m. adductor magnus+ - contains the n. ischiadicus and its branches - contains the a. femoralis+ - distally runs between heads of the m. triceps surae |
Adductory canal (Canalis adductorius):
- runs between portions of the m. adductor magnus+ - contains the a. femoralis+ |
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Popliteal fossa (Fossa poplitea):
- is bordered by the m. biceps femoris distally - contains the v. popliteal+ - contains terminal branch of the n. femoralis - its floor makes the m. popliteus+ |
Popliteal fossa (Fossa poplitea):
- contains the v. popliteal+ - its floor makes the m. popliteus+ |
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Musculofibular canal (Canalis musculofibularis):
- is bordered by the fibula laterally+ - contains the n. fibularis - contains the a. fibularis+ - is bordered by the m. flexor hallucis longus dorsally |
Musculofibular canal (Canalis musculofibularis):
- is bordered by the fibula laterally+ - contains the a. fibularis+ |
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Between structures behind medial ankle (malleolus medialis) belongs:
- n. tibialis+ - n. fibularis - v. saphena parva - tendon of the m. tibialis post.+ |
Between structures behind medial ankle (malleolus medialis) belongs:
- n. tibialis+ - tendon of the m. tibialis post.+ |
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Between structures in front of medial ankle (malleolus medialis) DOES NOT belong:
- n. suralis+ - n. saphenous - tendon of m. tibialis ant. - v. saphena parva+ |
Between structures in front of medial ankle (malleolus medialis) DOES NOT belong:
- n. suralis+ - v. saphena parva+ |
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Between structures behind lateral ankle (malleolus lateralis) DOES NOT belongs:
- v. saphena magna+ - n. suralis - v. saphena parva - n. saphenous+ |
Between structures behind lateral ankle (malleolus lateralis) DOES NOT belongs:
- v. saphena magna+ - n. saphenous+ |
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Iliopectineal fossa (Fossa iliopectinea):
- contains the n. femoralis - contains the a. profunda femoris - is bordered by the m. iliopsoas laterally+ - is bordered by the m. pectineus medially+ |
Iliopectineal fossa (Fossa iliopectinea):
- is bordered by the m. iliopsoas laterally+ - is bordered by the m. pectineus medially+ |
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Obturator canal (Canalis obturatorius) contains:
- n. obturatorius+ - vasa obturatoria+ - r. obturatorius a. pudendae internae - r. obturatorius n. ilioinguinalis |
Obturator canal (Canalis obturatorius) contains:
- n. obturatorius+ - vasa obturatoria+ |