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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the function of the patella? |
-increases the leverage that the tendon can apply on the femur -protects the knee joint -cartilage allows bones to rub on each other without causing any damage -sesamoid bone -embedded in the tendon and keeps the knee from twisting to much |
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Pectoral Girdle |
Pectoral Girdle:clavicle and scapula -small thin bones -small joints -shallow ball and socket -smaller ligaments and muscle attachments -connects the axil skeleton to the appendicular skeleton -versatility : huge range of motion -not meant to bear a huge weight of motion |
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Pelvic Girdle |
-large thick bones (os coxae= ischium , ilium, pubis fused together) -large joints (sacrum=5 bones fused together) -deep ball socket -large ligaments and muscles (ishiofemoral) -supports the axil skeleton -connects axil skeleton to lower limbs (femur) -built to carry the weight of the upper body -stable, less versatility |
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Clavicle |
-protects the neurovascular bundle (veins, arteries and lymphatics) -connection b/w the shoulder and sternum -acts as a strut to keep the scapula in place so the arm can hang freely -provides support for free range of movement of arms -absorbs stress |
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glenohumeral joint (humerus) |
-is a ball and socket articulation b/w the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapula |
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Arcomioclavicular (AC) joint (Clavicle) |
-where the clavicle meets the acromion of the scapula |
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Four bones of the pelvic girdle |
sacrum, coccyx and 2 hip bones comprised of ilium, ischium, pubis |
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joints of the pelvic girdle |
-right and left sacroiliac joints, symphysis pubis, lumbosacral joint |
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sacroiliac joint |
-sacrum and ilium occurs with trunk flexion or hip extension |
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symphysis pubis |
-right and left pubic bones join anteriorly a secondary cartilaginous joint |
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lumbosacral joint |
-made up of 5th lumbar vertebra and 1st sacral vertebra |
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Male Pelvis |
-taller and narrow -sacrum is monger, narrow, straighter -narrow pelvis: beneficial for locomotion when walking upright -bone: heavy, thick -heart-shaped opening |
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Female Pelvis |
-oval opening -Wider: beneficial for birth -bones: thinner, lighter |
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What are the special demands which are served by the sacrum? |
-sacrum is five bones that are fused together for strength and also serves as a shock absorber in pelvis and lower spine -gives pathway to nerves and blood vessels -attach strongest ligaments and muscle -attaches axil skeleton to appendicular skeleton |
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what are the four major curvatures of the vertebral column? |
-thoraic, sacral (primary) -cervical lumbar(secondary) |
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Ribs Function |
-protective cage around the heart, lungs and great blood vessels/gives shape -provides attachment for many neck, back, chest and shoulder muscles -supports shoulder girdles and upper limbs |
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True Ribs |
-first seven rib bones -connect the spine at the back and connect to the sternum by costal cartilage in the front |
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False Ribs |
-next 3 (8,9,10) -connect to the lowest true ribs |
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Floating ribs |
-last two pairs of ribs (11,12) |
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Acromion process |
-type of bony process, which articulates with the clavicle -connected by tissue such as cartilage or ligaments -attaches muscles |
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Coracoid Process |
-works with the acromion process witht the scapula to form a solid and shoulder joint -attaches ligaments and muscles that act on humerus |
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shoulder joint |
-large rang of motion -shallow ball and socket -not a weight bearing joint -thin, small bones |
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Hip joint |
-more constrained -deep ball and socket synovial joint -weight bearing joint -supports the weight of the body -thick, large bones -strong capsule ligaments |
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knee joint |
-hinge joint -joint capsule |
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iliofermoral ligament |
-ligament of hip joint which extends from the ilium to the femur |
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Structure of skeletal system |
Cartilage: -no blood vessels -protects ends of bones -no blood supply -chondrocytes: cartilage cells Bone: -blood vessels -osteoblasts: bone forming cells |
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Function of Skeletal System |
-Storage: stores calcium -Support: framework -Protection -Blood Cell Production: Red bone marrow produces red, white blood cells and plates -Movement: muscles anchor to bones contract and pull on and move bones |
