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40 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Asbestos

Exp Routes: inhalation

Target Organ(s): lungs, plural lining

Diseases: asbestosis, mesothelioma, lung cancer

Symptoms: shortness of breath, hardening of plural lining,

Major Industries: insulation, brake manufacturing, areas where fireproofing is necessary

Other: A1
Benzene
Exp Routes: inhalation, skin, ingestion

Target Organ(s): acute -neurological toxicity; chronic - hematotoxicity

Diseases: leukemia, aplastic anemia, pancytopenia

Symptoms: irritation (eye, skin, nose, resp), dermatitis, dizziness, nausea, bone marrow depression

Major Industries: Chemical manufacturing (dyes, polymers, detergents, pesticides, pharma, plastics, & resins); Solvent for wax, resins, oils, rubbers. Tire

Other: A1, metabolizes to phenol, has BEI
Formaldehyde
Exp Routes: inhalation, dermal contact

Target Organ(s): eyes, respiratory sys, skin

Diseases: nasal cancer, contact dermatitis, sensitization asthma, chronic bronchitis, sensitizer

Symptoms: irritating (ENT, resp sys); lacrimation (tearing); cough; wheezing; headache

Major Industries: Enbalming fluid, biocides, wood products, plastics, fertilizers, production of amino, phenolic, and polyacetal resins (adhesives), corrosion inhibitor, foam production, dyes.

Other: A2
Coal Tar Pitch Volatiles
Exp Routes: inhalation, dermal

Target Organ(s): resp sys, skin, bladder, kidneys

Diseases: lung, kidney, & skin cancer; conjunctivitis; erythema; keratotic papillomas (wart-like lessions); phototoxic reaction

Symptoms: dermatitis, bronchitis, irritant (skin and resp)

Major Industries: roofing, asphalt application, burning fuel in steel industry, distilled into refining chemicals, pharmaceutical apps (dandruff & psoriasis)

Other: A1, BEI(P), Highly variable (usually contains many other toxic chems: aromatic hydro, creosote, pyridine...)
4-Nitrobiphenyl
Exp Routes: inhalation, skin abs, ingestion, skin/eye contact

Target Organ(s): skin, bladder, blood, eye

Diseases: bladder cancer

Symptoms: headache, drowsy, dizzy; dyspnea; ataxia, lassitude; methemoglobinemia; urinary bleeding; acute hemorrhagic cystitis

Major Industries: plasticizer for resins and polystyrene, textile fungicide, wood preservative

Other: A2 (metabolite is confirmed carcinogen)
Alpha-naphthylamine
Exp Routes: inhalation and dermal

Target Organ(s): bladder, respiratory sys

Diseases: Bladder cancer, methemoglobinemia

Symptoms: Dyspnea, ataxia, methemoglobinemia, dysuria; mild eye irritant.

Major Industries: chemical intermediate for synthesis of dyes, rubber antioxidants, and pesticides.

Other:
Methyl Chloromethyl Ether
Exp Routes: inhalation and dermal

Target Organ(s): skin, resp sys

Diseases: Skin burns, respiratory cancer, erythema, pneumonitis

Symptoms: severe eye and skin irritation, chronic bronchitis, CNS,

Major Industries: methylating and alkylating agent, and solvent used to make water repellants, ion exchange resins, and industrial polymers. Chloromethylation agent.

Other: A2
Dichlorobenzidine (& salts)
Exp Routes: inhalation, skin, ingestion, eye contact

Target Organ(s): bladder, liver, lung, skin, gastrointestinal tract (hepatotoxin)

Diseases: bladder cancer

Symptoms: skin irritant

Major Industries: printing, graphic arts, rubber and plastic manuafacture, manufacture of azo dyes and benzidine yellow pigments; curing agent for urethane plastics.

Other: A3
Bis-Chloromethyl ether
Exp Routes: inhalation

Target Organ(s): resp sys

Diseases: pulmonary edema, lung cancer

Symptoms: eye, skin, and resp irritant

Major Industries: making polymers, plastics, resins, and textiles

Other: A1, halogenated aliphatics
Beta-naphthylamine
Exp Routes: inhalation

Target Organ(s): bladder, skin

Diseases: bladder cancer, contact dermatitis

Symptoms: skin irritation

Major Industries: dye manufacture, intermediate for rubber antioxidants

Other: A1
Benzidine
Exp Routes: inhalation and dermal

Target Organ(s): bladder, liver, skin

Diseases: bladder cancer, liver and kidney damage

Symptoms: hematuria (blood in the urine); secondary anemia from hemolysis; acute cystitis; acute liver disorders; dermatitis; painful, irreg urination; [potential occupational carcinogen]

Major Industries: leather tanning; print, dyeing, and finishing textiles; pulp and paper processing. (no longer produced commercially in US)

Other: A1
4-aminodiphenyl
Exp Routes: inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Target Organ(s): bladder, skin

Diseases: bladder cancer

Symptoms: headache, dizziness; drowsiness, dyspnea (breathing difficulty); ataxia, lassitude (weakness, exhaustion); methemoglobinemia; urinary burning; acute hemorrhagic cystitis; [potential occupational carcinogen]

Major Industries: intermediate for dyes; rubber antioxidant.

Other: A1
Ethyleneimine
Exp Routes: inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Target Organ(s): Eyes, skin, respiratory system, liver, kidneys

Diseases: contact dermatitis, urticaria, pneumonitis

Symptoms: irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; nausea, vomiting; headache, dizziness; pulmonary edema; liver, kidney damage; eye burns; skin sensitization; [potential occupational carcinogen]

Major Industries: petroleum production and refining; photographic processing; pulp and paper processing; textiles manufacturing

Other: A3
Beta-propiolactone
Exp Routes: inhalation, dermal, eye

Target Organ(s): skin, eyes

Diseases: skin burns, corneal opacification, chemical pneumonitis, skin cancer (possilble)

Symptoms: Skin irritation, blistering, burns; corneal opacity; frequent urination; dysuria; hematuria (blood in the urine); [potential occupational carcinogen]

Major Industries: sterilant for biological pharmaceuticals and surgical instruments; disinfectant and chemical intermediate.

Other: A3, corrosive to eyes, extremely irritating at low doses
2-acetylaminofluorene
Exp Routes: Inhalation, dermal

Target Organ(s): Liver, bladder, kidneys, pancreas, skin

Diseases: liver, kidney, and bladder cancer (suspect)

Symptoms: Reduced function of liver, kidneys, bladder, pancreas; [potential occupational carcinogen]

Major Industries: organic chemists, chemical stockroom, & biomedical research.

Other:
4-dimethylaminoazobenzene
Exp Routes: inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion

Target Organ(s): skin, liver, kidney

Diseases: contact dermatitis

Symptoms: Enlarged liver; liver, kidney disturbance; contact dermatitis; cough, wheezing, dyspnea (breathing difficulty); bloody sputum; bronchial secretions; frequent urination, hematuria (blood in the urine), dysuria; [potential occupational carcinogen]

Major Industries: pulp and paper processing; dressing hair

Other:
N-Nitrosodimethylamine
Exp Routes:skin, eyes, respiratory tract

Target Organ(s):liver, kidneys,lungs

Diseases:hepatitis, cirrhosis, fatal liver disease

Symptoms: decreased liver, kidney, pulmonary function; generalized bleeding, low platelet count, headache, fever, weakness, nausea and vomiting, abdominal cramps and diarrhea

Major Industries:industrial solvent; solvent in fiber and plastics industry; softener for copolymers; plasticizer for acrylonitrile polymers; antioxidant; formerly used in the production of rocket fuels.

Other:A3(stomach and esophagus)
Vinyl chloride
Exp Routes: inhalation, skin and/or eye contact (liquid)

Target Organ(s): Liver, central nervous system, blood, respiratory system, lymphatic system

Diseases:liver cancer, speculated teratogen/reproductive hazard, acro-osteolysis, increase risk Raynaud's syndrome

Symptoms:anesthesia, drowsiness, slight visual disturbances, faltering gait, numbness, and tingling of extremities

Major Industries:rubber, paper, and glass industries; plastics industry; refrigerant and extraction solvent, polyvinyl chloride polymerization plant during reactor vessel cleaning;manufacturing of numerous building and construction supplies, automotive materials, medical supplies

Other:A1
Inorganic Arsenic
Exp Routes: Inhalation, skin absorption, skin and/or eye contact, ingestion

Target Organ(s): Liver, kidneys, skin, lungs, lymphatic system

Diseases: Aplastic anemia, Lung cancer, Neuropathy (toxic), Raynaud's phenomenon, skin cancer,

Symptoms: Ulceration of nasal septum, dermatitis, gastrointestinal disturbances, peripheral neuropathy, resp irritation, hyperpigmentation of skin, [potential occupational carcinogen]

Major Industries: Applying Wood Preservatives, Battery Manufacturing, Burning Arsenic-Treated Wood, Cleaning Furnaces or Flues, Farming (Pesticides and Feed Additives)
Glass Manufacturing, Leather Tanning and Processing, Metal Extraction and Refining, Semiconductor Manufacturing, Smelting Copper or Lead, Soldering, Welding Over Coatings

Other: A1
Lead
Exp Routes: Inhalation, ingestion (work clothing for child exposure)

Target Organ(s): CNS, eyes, bones, kidney, gonads, gingival tissue.

Diseases: Hemolytic anemia, chronic renal failure, spontaneous abortions, infertility (decreased sperm count), neuropathy

Symptoms: Headache, lassitude, insomnia, gingival lead line, decreased response time

Major Industries: Smelting, paints/pigments, lead-acid batteries, crystal glass, shooting ranges, welding, abrasive blasting

Other: BLL > 90 ug/dl = encephalopathy; BLL > 60 ug/dl = peripheral neuropathy; nerve conduction delays w/ BLL > 30 ug/dl.
Chromium VI
Exp Routes: inhalation, dermal

Target Organ(s): respiratory sys, skin, liver, kidney, eyes

Diseases: Lung cancer, dermatosis, nasal cancer

Symptoms: nasal septum perforation; respiratory system irritation; liver and kidney damage; leukocytosis (increase blood leukocytes), eosinophilia; conjunctivitis, skin ulcer

Major Industries: electroplating, leather tanning, primers and coatings, paint, grinding, welding stainless steel.

Other: A1, Chromic acid comes in many forms
Cadmium Dust
Exp Routes: Inhalation, ingestion

Target Organ(s): respiratory sys, kidneys, prostate, blood

Diseases: Lung cancer, prostate cancer, osteomalacia

Symptoms: Pulmonary edema, dyspnea, cough, chest tightness; headache, chills muscle ache; nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; anosmia (loss of sense of smell); emphysema, proteinuria

Major Industries: Corrosion coatings, battery manufacturing, photographic processing, ceramics, mining

Other: A2
Cadmium Fume
Exp Routes: Inhalation, ingestion

Target Organ(s): respiratory sys, kidneys, prostate, blood

Diseases: Lung cancer, prostate cancer, osteomalacia

Symptoms: Pulmonary edema, dyspnea, cough, chest tightness; headache, chills muscle ache; nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; anosmia (loss of sense of smell); emphysema, proteinuria

Major Industries: Welding

Other: A2
Coke oven emissions
Exp Routes: Inhalation, dermal, eye

Target Organ(s): Respitory system, bladder, skin, eye

Diseases: Lung cancer, pulmonary disease, bladder cancer

Symptoms: Irritation eyes and respiratory system; cough, dyspnea, wheezing

Major Industries: Steel production

Other: A1
Cotton Dust
Exp Routes: Inhalation

Target Organ(s): Cardiovascular sys, and respiratory sys

Diseases: Byssinosis

Symptoms: Chest tightness, cough, wheezing, dyspnea; decreased forced expiratory volume; bronchitis; malaise; fever, chills

Major Industries: Raw cotton production; textiles and fabrics

Other:
1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane
Exp Routes: Inhalation, dermal, ingestion

Target Organ(s): Eyes, skin, respiratory system, CNS, liver, kidneys, spleen, reproductive system, digestive system

Diseases: Infertility (male - reversible)

Symptoms: Irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; drowsiness; nausea, vomiting; pulmonary edema; liver, kidney injury; sterility

Major Industries: Farming (fumigant)

Other: Sufficient evidence of cancer in animals; insufficient evidence of cancer in humans.
Acrylonitrile
Exp Routes: Inhalation, dermal, ingestion,

Target Organ(s): Eyes, skin, cardio system, liver, kidneys, CNS

Diseases: Asphyxiation (chemical), contact dermatitis, fumigants

Symptoms: Irritation eyes, skin; asphyxia; headache; sneezing; nausea, vomiting; lassitude, dizziness, skin vesiculation, dermatitis

Major Industries: Burning synthetic polymers, firefighting, working with glues and adhesives, surface coatings, pesticide fumigant, manufacture of carbon fiber in aircraft

Other: cyanide familiy
Ethylene Oxide
Exp Routes: Inhalation, ingestion, dermal and eye contact

Target Organ(s): Eyes, skin, respiratory sys, liver, CNS, blood, kidneys, reproductive sys

Diseases: Leukemia, asthma, cataract, dermatitis, neuropathy, pneumonitis

Symptoms: Irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; peculiar taste; headache; nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; dyspnea; cyanosis, pulmonary edema; lassitude and drowsiness; incoordination; EKG abnormal, eye and skin burns; frostbite (liquid); reproductive effects

Major Industries: Intermediate in production of several chemicals, sterilizing equipment, manufacture of ethylene glycol and surfactants, rocket propellant, process of gums and dyes

Other: A2, metabolized to glutathione conjugates
4,4'-methylenedianiline (MDA)
Exp Routes: Inhalation, dermal, ingestion, eye contact

Target Organ(s): Eyes, liver, cardio sys, spleen

Diseases: Contact dermatitis, hepatitis

Symptoms: Irritation eyes; jaundice, hepatitis, myocardial damage,

Major Industries: Intermediate in production of isocyanates for poyurethane foam manufacture; curing agent for epoxy resins and urethane elastomers; production of polyamides; determination of tungsten and sulfates; production of azo dyes, corrosion inhibitor

Other: A3, Aromatic amine
1,3-butadiene
Exp Routes: Inhalation, skin, eye

Target Organ(s): Eyes, respiratory sys, CNS, reproductive sys

Diseases: Leukemia; like HARD liquor, organic solvents can cause: H--hepatotoxicity; heart sensitization; A--anesthesia; R--respiratory irritation/reaction time increased; D--dermatitis

Symptoms: Irritation eyes, nose, throat; drowsiness, dizziness; frostbite (liquid); teratogenic, reproductive effects

Major Industries: Plastics/rubber/polymer composites manufacturing

Other: A2, product of incomplete combustion
Methylene chloride (Dichloromethane)
Exp Routes: Inhalation, dermal, ingestion, eye

Target Organ(s): Eyes, skin, cardio sys, CNS, teratogen (from CO metabolite)

Diseases: Encephalopathy, acute solvent effects, liver and renal failure

Symptoms: Irritation eyes, skin; lassitude, drowsiness, dizziness; numb, tingle in limbs; nausea

Major Industries: Leather tanning, metal degreasing, painting (solvents), paint stripping, sculpturing plastics, woodworking

Other: A3, CO is metabolite
Silica (crystalline)
Exp Routes: inhalation, skin and/or eye contact

Target Organ(s): Eyes, respiratory system

Diseases: Silicosis, lung cancer, pulmonary lung disease

Symptoms: Cough, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), wheezing; decreased pulmonary function, progressive resp symptoms (silicosis); irritation eyes; [potential occupational carcinogen]

Major Industries: Abrasive Blasting, Cleaning Furnaces or Flues, Glass Manufacturing, Metal Extraction and Refining, Metal Preparation and Pouring, Mining, Molding and Core Making, Petroleum Production and Refining, Shakeout, Cleaning, and Finishing, Smelting Copper or Lead, Steel Producing

Other: A2
Phosgene
Exp Routes: inhalation, skin and/or eye contact (liquid)

Target Organ(s): Eyes, skin, respiratory system

Diseases: Bronchiolitis obliterans, Pneumonitis, Pulmonary disease (chronic obstructive - edema and emphysema)

Symptoms: irritation eyes; dry burning throat; vomiting; cough, foamy sputum, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), chest pain, cyanosis; liquid: frostbite

Major Industries: Burning Synthetic Polymers, Firefighting, Petroleum Production and Refining, Welding

Other: Acid halide
Hydrofluoric acid (hydrogen fluoride)
Exp Routes: inhalation, skin absorption (liquid), ingestion (solution), skin and/or eye contact

Target Organ(s): Eyes, skin, respiratory system, bones

Diseases: Bronchiolitis obliterans, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, hyperkalemia, Pneumonitis (acute inflammation of lungs), osteosclerosis

Symptoms: irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; pulmonary edema; eye, skin burns (acute and delayed); rhinitis; bronchitis; bone changes

Major Industries: Acid and Alkali Cleaning of Metals, Electroplating, Glass Manufacturing, Petroleum Production and Refining, Semiconductor Manufacturing, Steel Producing

Other: HF is weak acid, but flouride is the most electronegative ion and is extremely toxic. Treated with calcium gluconate
Nitric acid
Exp Routes: inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Target Organ(s): Eyes, skin, respiratory system, teeth

Diseases: Toxic pneumonitis, dental erosion, pulmonary edema

Symptoms: irritation eyes, skin, mucous membrane; delayed pulmonary edema, pneumonitis, bronchitis; dental erosion

Major Industries: Acid and Alkali Cleaning of Metals, Semiconductor Manufacturing, Applying metallic patinas, Enameling, Intalagio printing, Lithography printing

Other:
Carbon Monoxide
Exp Routes: inhalation, skin and/or eye contact (liquid)

Target Organ(s):cardiovascular system, lungs, blood, central nervous system

Diseases: Asphyxiation (chemical), Parkinsonism

Symptoms: headache, tachypnea, nausea, lassitude (weakness, exhaustion), dizziness, confusion, hallucinations; cyanosis; depressed S-T segment of electrocardiogram, angina, syncope

Major Industries: Aluminum Producing, Burning Celluloid, Burning Natural Polymers, Burning Synthetic Polymers, Cement Producing, Farming (Dusts, Asphyxiants, etc.), Firefighting, Forging, Gas Welding and Cutting, Glass Manufacturing, Heat Treating, Metal Extraction and Refining, Metal Preparation and Pouring, Mining, Molding and Core Making, Sewer and Wastewater Treatment, Shakeout, Cleaning, and Finishing, Smelting Copper or Lead, Steel Producing, Welding, Welding Over Coatings

Other: IDLH 1200 ppm, bonds to hemoglobin 13 x stronger than oxygen.
Portland cement
Exp Routes: inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Target Organ(s): Eyes, skin, respiratory system

Diseases: Contact dermatitis (allergic), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma

Symptoms: irritation eyes, skin, nose; cough, expectoration; exertional dyspnea (breathing difficulty), wheezing, chronic bronchitis; dermatitis

Major Industries: Cement producing, construction

Other: A4
Picric acid
Exp Routes: inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Target Organ(s): Eyes, skin, kidneys, liver, blood

Diseases: allergic contact dermatitis

Symptoms: irritation eyes, skin; sensitization dermatitis; yellow-stained hair, skin; lassitude (weakness, exhaustion), myalgia, anuria, polyuria; bitter taste, gastrointestinal disturbance; hepatitis, hematuria (blood in the urine), albuminuria, nephritis

Major Industries: Battery Manufacturing, Glass Manufacturing, Leather Tanning and Processing

Other: Explosive!
Parathion
Exp Routes: inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Target Organ(s): Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, cardiovascular system, blood cholinesterase

Diseases: Acute organophosphate & carbamate poisoning (potent cholinesterase enzyme inhibitors that act by interfering with the metabolism of acetylcholine, which results in accumulation of acetylcholine at neuroreceptor transmission sites)

Symptoms: irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; miosis; rhinorrhea (discharge of thin nasal mucus); headache; chest tightness, wheezing, laryngeal spasm, salivation, cyanosis; anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea; sweating; muscle fasciculation, lassitude (weakness, exhaustion), paralysis; dizziness, confusion, ataxia; convulsions, coma; low blood pressure; cardiac irreg

Major Industries: Farming (controls a variety of insects such as aphids, mites, beetles, Lepidoptera, leaf hoppers, leafminers, and other pests found on fruits, cotton, vegetables, and forage crops)

Other:
Ozone
Exp Routes: inhalation, skin and/or eye contact

Target Organ(s): Eyes, respiratory system

Diseases: Bronchiolitis obliterans, toxic pneumonitis, pulmonary edema

Symptoms: irritation eyes, mucous membrane; pulmonary edema; chronic resp disease

Major Industries: Metal Thermal Spraying, Pulp and Paper Processing, Sewer and Wastewater Treatment, Textiles Manufacturing, Using Disinfectants, Welding

Other: