Ortho

Front 1

pressure to the elbow causes damage to the and results in

Back 1

ulnar nerve, numbness to ring and fifth finger

Front 2

damage to the ..nerve results in wrist drop from putting pressure behind the arm

Back 2

radial

Front 3

forehead numbnes results from damage to the

Back 3

superorbital nerve

Front 4

numbness of lateral aspect of thigh and knee results from damage to ..from..

Back 4

lateral femoral cutaneous nerve with damage caused by pressure over anterior iliac crest in prone/lateral

Front 5

numbness of anterior thigh and medial aspect of lower leg is caused by damage to ..nerve from ..

Back 5

femoral from pressure to groin of dependent leg in lateral position

Front 6

foot drop is caused by damage to ..nerve from

Back 6

peroneal from pressure below head of fibula

Front 7

ankle nerve damage can result from

Back 7

esmarch pressure

Front 8

...hip fractures have the most blood loss

Back 8

subtrachantric

Front 9

...hip fractures have the least blood loss

Back 9

subcapital

Front 10

advantages of regional vs. general anes for ortho

Back 10

improved post of analgesia
decreased inc of ponv
less resp and cardiac depression
improved perfusion because of symp nervous sys block
decreased intraop blood loss
blood flow distribution to large caliber vessels
locally decreased venous pressure
decreaed blood pressure

Front 11

succ can be given w.in...hrs of spinal cord injury

Back 11

within 48 hrs

Front 12

....below the level of spinal cord transection causes patients to become poikilothermic

Back 12

loss of vaconstriction

Front 13

an important component of anes. managment is preservation of spinal cord blood flow.....should be avoided

Back 13

hyperventilation

Front 14

autonomic hyperreflexia occurs in ...% of patients with cord transection above

Back 14

85% with cord transection above T5

Front 15

the baroreceptor reflex associated with Ahyperreflexia is

Back 15

paroxysmal hypertension with bradycardia

Front 16

chacterisitic of autonomic hyper reflexia is cutanous...below and ...above the level of transection

Back 16

cutanous vasoconstriction below and vasodilation above the level of transection

Front 17

brachial plexus injury can be avoided during prone positioning by

Back 17

rotating the head toward the abducted arm

Front 18

cervical laminectomy is most performed with patients in the

Back 18

prone position

Front 19

incidence of parapalegia is... with scoliosis correction

Back 19

1.2%

Front 20

somatosensory evoked potentials reflect...of the spinal cord supplied by

Back 20

dorsal supplied by the posterior spinal artery

Front 21

motor evoked potentials reflect the...pathways supplied by

Back 21

motor supplied by anterior spinal artery

Front 22

signs of venous air embolus

Back 22

unexplained hypotension and an increase in end tidal nitrogen concentration

Front 23

prolonged anesthesia in the upper extremity prevents/not discharge

Back 23

note

Front 24

..block introduces the possiblility of a pneumothorax which presents ..hrs after dc

Back 24

supraclavicular, 6-12 hrs.

Front 25

there is a...% pulmonary function loss w an intrascalne block

Back 25

25%

Front 26

a ..block is used most often for hand surgery

Back 26

brachial plexus, axillary approach

Front 27

level of blockade of the infraclavicular block

Back 27

cords

Front 28

..block is unsuitable for office procedures

Back 28

supraclavicular

Front 29

..blocks lead to phrenic nerve paralysis

Back 29

interscalene, supraclavicular

Front 30

..blocks can be used for shoulders

Back 30

interscalene

Front 31

duration of a femoral block is

Back 31

12 -18 hrs

Front 32

tourniquets to prevent bleeding should be ..above for legs and..above for UE

Back 32

100 mm HG for LE, 50 mm HG for UE

Front 33

clinical lab symp for fat embolus occu ..hrs after injury

Back 33

12 to 40

Front 34

major fat embolus symptoms are

Back 34

axillary of subconjuctival petichae
hypoxemia
cns depression
pulmonary edema

Front 35

INR target for hip surgery is

Back 35

2.5

Front 36

...% of ortho patients develop a DVT

Back 36

40-80%

Front 37

INR for catheter removal is

Back 37

1.5

Front 38

pts on periop anticoagulants are not good canditates for neuraxial anes becuase of

Back 38

possible development of spinal or epidural hematoma

Front 39

treatment for a spinal hematoma is

Back 39

immediate decompressive laminectomy

Front 40

pulmonary artery monitoring in patients undergoing bilateral hip arthroplasties reliably signals ....by a rise in pulmonary artery pressures above normal of

Back 40

fat emoblism
normal is 200 dyn x s x cm -5

Front 41

if atlantooccipital instability exceeds..mm in pts with RA then intubation should be peformed with fiberoptic guidance

Back 41

5 mm

Front 42

epidural needles should not be placed w/in ..hrs of heparin or ..hrs with lmw

Back 42

6-8 heparin and 12-24 for lmw

Front 43

thromboemolic complications are reduced with neuraxial anes by

Back 43

sympathectomy induced increase in lower extremity venous blood flow, sytemic antiinflammatory effects of local anes., attenuated postoperative increase in factor 8, decrease in antithrombin III, decreased platelet activity and alterations in stress hormones

Front 44

triad for fat embolism diagnosis

Back 44

petichae, dyspnea, confusion

Front 45

clinical manifestations of bone cement syndrome

Back 45

dysrthythmias, hypoxia, pulmonary hypertension (increased pulmonary vascular resistance), and decreased cardiac output.

Front 46

tourniquet pain is highest with ...and lowest with

Back 46

iv regional anes and lowest with ga

Front 47

spinal cord compression in RA may be caused by

Back 47

atlantooccipital sublaxation