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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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is the study of medicines
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pharmacology
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is the application of drugs for the purpose of disease prevention and treatment of suffering
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pharmacotherapy or pharmacotherapeutics
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is any substance that is taken to prevent, cure, or reduce symptoms of a medical condition
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drug
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List the 5 + 5 rights of drug admistration
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patient, drug, dose, time, route
6th- documentation |
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what is the 6th right in drug administration?
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documentation
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What are 3 ways of verifying the patient in drug administration?
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check id bracelet, ask the patient their name (do not call patient by name), check medication label for patients name
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What are 3 ways of verifying the right drug?
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check drug label 3 times (1st contact w/ drug bottle, before pouring,after pouring), drug order is complete and legible (know drug action), check expiration date
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What are 4 ways of verifying the right dose?
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using correct ratio and formula, by body weight or surface area, recommended dosage range, have colleague check if drug is potent or specified
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What are 5 ways of verifying the right time?
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administer drug at specified times, drugs affected by food (1 hr before or 2 hr after meals), administer w/ food if drug can irratate stomach, long half-life (20-36 hrs) 1x per day and short half-life (1-6 hrs) several times a day, antibiotics at even intervals
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What are 4 ways of verifying the right route?
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know drug route, administer injectables at apprpriate sites, use aseptic techniques, document injection site
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What are 3 ways to verify the right documentation?
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RN/LPN initials on MAR and eMAR,refusal of medication (circled w/ RN's initials), if drug dosage was delayed record on MAR or eMAR
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All drug lables provide 7 basic items of data
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brand (trade) name, generic name, dosage, form of the drug, exp date, lot #, manf name
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2004 National Patient Safety Goals: JCAHO requires that one must not use
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U for unit, IU for international unit, qod for every other day, trailing zero and lack of leading zeros, MS and MSO4
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Unit Dose Dispensing System (UDDS)
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unit dose carts, medication filled in individual patient drawers evey 24 hr by pharmacist, drug manf develop single-dose packages
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instillations- eye drops
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pull down skin below eye to expose conjunctival sac
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eye ointment
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1/4 in. wide strip of ointment onto conjunctival sac
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ear drops
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straighten external ear by pulling the auricle down (children) and back (adults)
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nose drops and nose sprays
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nose drops- tilt head slightly back and administer drops
nasal spray- keep head forward, hold one side of nose while spraying into the other, alternate |
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intradermal, subcutaneous, and intramuscular injections- needle skin angles
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ID- 10-15 deg
Sub-Q- 45 or 90 deg IM- 90 deg |
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Subcutaneous sites
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upper arm- R/L lateral
abdominal- R/L of belly button upper thigh- R/L quadracepts upper/mid back- R/L below scapula lower back- R/L small of back, above butt |
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4 intramuscular sites and injection
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ventrogluteal, dorsogluteal, deltoid, vastus lateralis,
z-track injection |
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4 intravenous sites
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radial vein, median cubital, basilic vein, cephalic vein
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4 technologic advances in health care
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enhance safety, increase accessibility to sites, promote client mobility, improve client adherence
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Medication orders may be written by a
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physician (MD), osteopathic physician (DO), dentist (DDS), podiatrist (DPM), licensed health care provider (HCP)
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The 6 basic components of a drug order are
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date and time the order was written, drug name, drug dosage, route of administration, frequency of administaration, physician's or health care provider's signature
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Digoxin 0.25 mg, po, qd
Ibuprofen 400 mg, po, q4h, PRN |
give 0.25 mg of digoxin by mouth every day
give 400 mg of ibuprofen by mouth every 4 hours as needed |
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Cefadyl 500 mg, IM, q6h
Prednisone 5 mg, po, q8h x 5 days |
give 500 mg of cefadyl intramuscularly every 6 hours
give 5 mg of prednisone by mouth every 8 hours for 5 days |
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There are 4 types of drug orders
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standing order, one-time (single) order, PRN (whenever necessary) order, STAT (immediate) order
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