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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Research
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concerned with systematic gathering of information
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variable
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any general characteristic that can be measured and that changes in amplitude, intensity, or both. OB ex: job satisfaction, productivity
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dependent variable
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response that is affected by an independent variable; the variable the researcher wants to explain
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independent variable
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the presumed cause of a change in the dependent variable; OB ex: intelligence, personality
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moderating variable
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the contingency variable, abates the effect of the indep. on the dep. variable
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causality
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direction of cause and effect
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correlation coefficient
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indicates the strength of relationship between 2 or more variables. between -1 (perfect negative) and +1 (perfect positive)
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theory (aka model)
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a set of systematically interrelated concepts or hypotheses that purports to explain and predict phenomena
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3 questions you need to ask when evaluating a research study
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Is it valid? Reliable? Generalizable?
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Case study pros & cons
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Pros: thorough, real-life
Cons: perceptual bias, observer's subjective interpretation, not generalizable |
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field survey pros/cons
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pros: cheap, efficient, easy to quantify data
cons: low response rate makes generalizing questionable, taps attitudes more than behaviors, ppl say what they think researcher wants to hear |
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Milgram lab experiment
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tested how far individuals would go in following commands; subjects acted as teachers and administered punishments when learners made mistakes; most dissented initially but then 62% ended up obeying and increasing shock to the maximum
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lab experiment pros/cons
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pros: precision, control; cons: lack of realism, not generalizable
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field experiment pros/cons
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pros: conducted in real-life, so results are more realistic than lab; cons: lack of control, bias in choosing subject, costly
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aggregate quantitative reviews
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uses meta-analysis to analyze data from a set of many studies; can help researchers find moderating variables
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managers
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get things done thru other people
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organization
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consciously coordinated social unit, composed of 2+ ppl, functions on relatively continuous basis to achieve common goal(s)
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management functions--what do managers do? (4)
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plan (est goals), organize (design structure), lead (direct/coordinate ppl), control (monitor performance) *POLC*
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management roles (3)
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interpersonal, informational, decisional
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intepersonal roles of a manager include: (3)
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figurehead, leader, liaison
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informational roles of a manager include: (3)
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monitor, disseminator, spokesperson
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decisional roles of a manager include: (4)
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entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, negotiator
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Management skills (3)
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technical, human, and conceptual
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difference in activity between effective and successful managers?
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effective spend most time communicating; successful spend most time networking
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organizational behavior
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investigates impact of individuals, groups, structure have on behavior within organizations, for purpose of applying knowledge toward improvement of org's effectiveness
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systematic study
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looking at relationships, attempting to attribute causes and effects, and drawing conclusions based on scientific evidence
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psychology
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science that seeks to measure, explain, sometimes change behavior of humans/animals
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social psychology
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blends psychology and sociology, focuses on influence of people on one another
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sociology
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study of people in relation to their social environment or culture
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anthropology
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study of societies to learn about human beings and their activities
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