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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Aerobic Metabolism is... |
Dependent on Oxygen! Most plants and animals (eukaryotes) use this type of metabolism. |
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Diffusion has an issue with ____________ organisms. |
Diffusion has a hard time keeping up with larger organisms. This is because the Surface Area and Volume do not increase linearly. An example with this is between a white whale and a rotifer. (The amount of time it takes gasses to diffuse through a human nerve cell is 32 years.) |
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Respiration is... |
A form of gas exchange! More effective than diffusion and gets lots of O2 in from the environment. |
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How much O2 is there in air? In cold sea-water? |
20% and 0.8% |
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How would you define partial pressure?
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A mix of gases (like air!) is made up of many different gasses all contributing pressure. The PARTIAL-PRESSURE of a gas is how much pressure one specific designated gas exerts. |
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How would you calculate partial pressure of 20.95% Oxygen in a mixture? |
Px = FxPtot Px = (0.2095)(101.93kPa) Px = 21.22kPa Note: Partial pressure calculations will use a different Ptot when in different environments (ex. on Mt. Everest) |
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If you took air and water both at sea level, which do you think would have a higher partial pressure of Oxygen? Why?
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The same. The partial pressures of gases in air and in water is the same, given the rest of the factors are the same. (Atmospheric pressure)
HOWEVER: colder temperatures, salinity, and the type of gas do effect this. |
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Henry's Law...
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Concentration of a gas in a solution is equal to the partial pressure times solubility of the gas. [G] = PgasSgas |
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All gases are not created equal... What am I referring to? |
Different gases have different solubilities in water.
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The Fick Equation is... |
dQ/dt = (D)(A) x (dC/dx) D is the diffusion coefficient for that SPECIFIC gas (all gases are not created equal) A is the area in which the gas is trying to diffuse. (Smaller surfaces are harder to diffuse through.) dC/dx is the concentration gradient or chemical potential. |
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The Diffusion Coefficient means?... What are the factors that effect it? |
The diffusion coefficient is a value given to a gas. The higher the value, the better at diffusing quickly the gas is. The factors involved are the actual gas itself, the temperature, as well as the medium that it is moving through. (Air shows a much higher value than water) Certain biological mediums (cells, walls) will have different permeability. |
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Diffusion Equation proportionality...
Which parts of the equation are changeable by the organisms? Which parts are solid? |
dQ/dt u ((D)(A)(∆Pgas)) x (Sgas) (X)(sqMW) The outside variables (D, Sgas, and sqMW) are all fixed and stagnant. A, ∆Pgas and X are are malleable and can be altered to speed up/slow down the reaction. |
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Highlight the differences in partial pressure gradient and concentration gradient (use the example of a bug sucking air out of a bubble to help visualize it)
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When the little bug sucks the oxygen out of the air bubble, the net partial pressure of oxygen in the bubble goes DOWN, but the bubble goes UP the concentration gradient. |
