Organic - Test 2

Front 1

Fastest Reactor

Back 1

Strong Activators

Front 2

Ortho/Para Directors

Back 2

1. Strong Activators

2. Moderate Activators

3. Weak Activators

4. Weak Deactivators

Front 3

Strong Activators

Back 3

NH2 ; NHR ; NR2 ; OH

Front 4

Moderate Activators

Back 4

NHCOCH3 ; NHCOR ; OCH3 ; OR

Front 5

Weak Activators

Back 5

CH3 ; CH2CH3 ; R ; C6H5

Front 6

Meta Directors

Back 6

1. Moderate Deactivators

2. Strong Deactivator

Front 7

Moderate Deactivators

Back 7

CN ; SO3H ; COOH ; COOR ; CHO ; COR

Front 8

Strong Deactivator

Back 8

NO2 ; NR3+ ; CF3 ; CCl3

Front 9

Slowest Reactor

Back 9

Strong Deactivators

Front 10

NH2 ; NHR ; NR2 ; OH

Back 10

Strong Activators

Front 11

NO2 ; NR3+ ; CF3 ; CCl3

Back 11

Strong Deactivators

Front 12

Weak Deactivators

Back 12

F ; Cl ; Br ; I

Front 13

F ; Cl ; Br ; I

Back 13

Weak Deactivators

Front 14

CN ; SO3H ; COOH ; COOR ; CHO ; COR

Back 14

Moderate Deactivators

Front 15

CH3 ; CH2CH3 ; R ; C6H5

Back 15

Weak Activators

Front 16

NHCOCH3 ; NHCOR ; OCH3 ; OR

Back 16

Moderate Activators

Front 17

Mass Spectroscopy

Back 17

1. molecular weight
2. elemental composition
3. fragmentation

Front 18

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)

Back 18

1. number
2. nature
3. environment of hydrogen in the molecule

* the more powerful the molecules, the more powerful the magnets

Front 19

Can the solution of NMR use hydrogen?

Back 19

NO HYDROGENS can be used in the solvents on NMR

Front 20

Nuclei Spin

Back 20

odd numbered mass numbers and off atomic numbers have this _________

Front 21

NMR Parallel

Back 21

aligns with the magnetic field

Front 22

NMR Anti-Parallel

Back 22

does against the magnetic field

Front 23

Nucleus absorbing energy

Back 23

they need to to in order to move from one orbital to another

Front 24

NMR has _____ magnetic field & frequency

Back 24

BOTH

Front 25

NMR - number of hydrogens

Back 25

area under the peak is proportional to the number of hydrogens

Front 26

NMR - nature of hydrogens

Back 26

not all hydrogens are the same - shielding/deshielding

Front 27

NMR - environment of the hydrogen

Back 27

the higher the electronegativity is deshielding

Front 28

Silicon

Back 28

one of the MOST electronegative organic molecules

Front 29

CHNOPS

Back 29

found downfield of the electropositive

Front 30

Delta Scale

Back 30

small delta = observed shift (H2) x 10^6 / frequency of the generator (H2)

Front 31

Will the environment affect the hydrogen shift?

Back 31

YES

Front 32

Integrator

Back 32

Steps

Front 33

Chemical Shift

Back 33

peak shift depending on the surrounding environments

Front 34

Spin-Spin Coupling

Back 34

couple either spin against or with the molecule

Front 35

2N + 1 rule

Back 35

neighbors - add 1 to get the peak

deciphers the degree of unsaturation

Front 36

Alkanes

Back 36

CnH2n + 2

Front 37

Alkenes

Back 37

CnH2n

Front 38

Alkynes

Back 38

CnH2n - 2

Front 39

Off Resonance Decoupling

Back 39

the carbons would NOT be split by the other carbons but BY the hydrogens

not commonly used

Front 40

Electromagnetic Radiation

Back 40

exposing ion to energy to a molecule

Front 41

Absorb energy

Back 41

elevate the electron to an excited state

Front 42

Fluorescence

Back 42

absorb energy

Front 43

Phosphorescence

Back 43

absorb energy but then drops to an unfavorable level then bounces back but it takes hours

Front 44

Beer-Bougner-Lambert Law

Back 44

amount of absorbed radiation is directly proportional to the number of molecules in the pathway

Front 45

Chromophores

Back 45

color producers

Front 46

Ultraviolet

Back 46

movement of electron from one orbit to another HOWEVER they move to a different orbit than the visible

Front 47

Stretch Vibrations

Back 47

vibrate back and forth

Front 48

Bending Vibrations

Back 48

move side to side

Front 49

Frequency is related to....

Back 49

Mass & Bond Strength

Front 50

If the mass of bonded atoms increase.....

Back 50

there is an decrease of energy of vibration pressure

Front 51

As bond strength increases, frequency

Back 51

increases.....