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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
monomer |
small molecule ( stable bond) |
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polymer |
large or many molecule |
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dehydration |
removes water from molecule, forming a new bond |
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hydrolysis |
process of splitting of a polymer by adding water catalyzed by a hydrolysis enzyme |
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dehydration synthesis |
enzyme help break down molecules |
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protiens |
chains of amino acids |
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polypeptides |
polymers of amino acids (proteins are polypeptides with more complex, 3 dimentional structure) |
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peptide bond |
result of dehydration synthesis between 2 amino acids chain of amino acids (sets shape of amino acids) |
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primary structure |
amino acid sequence |
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secondary structure |
alpha helix beta pleated sheet |
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tertiary |
folding into 3 dimensional shape of protein |
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Quaternary |
two or more polypeptides(with tertiary structure) combine to form final macromoleule |
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protein function |
* enzymes catalyze_ catalyze chemical reactions *cell membrane channels that allow materials in or out *cell receptors in the membrane or within cells. bind to hormones or other signalers and initiate or stop chemical reactions within the cell *sub-cellular structure_ organelle membranes, histones that support DNA molecules |
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protein function |
*supportive and connective tissue *muscle function *hair and fingernails *support,metabolic, transport, regulation, motion |
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lipid characteristics |
*hydrocarbons_can be a chain or ring shaped *nonpolar_ carbon and hydrogen atoms bound covalently can be converted from one form to another often found bound to polar molecules such as proteins |
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lipid function |
*cell membrane *steroid hormones *energy storage (adipose tissue) *cushioning (knee joint) *yellow bone marrow *long-term energy storage, membrane components |
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Nucleic acids |
sugar_ deoxyribose/ribose Bases_DNA( adenine,guanine, thymine, cytosine) RNA (adenine, guanine, uracil, cytosine) Strands_ double- stranded with base pairing single- stranded Helix_ yes/ No |
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nucleic acids functions |
storage of genetic information |
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charbohydrates |
monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides |
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Charbohydrates functions |
immediate energy and stored energy; membrane components |