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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Carbon and organic compounds |
Carbon atom |
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Carbon |
Can make covalent bonds with another carbon atom and from long carbon chains and rings |
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Organic compunds |
Always contain carbon-hydrogen connected together |
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Carbon chains and rings |
The backbones of organic molecules |
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Organic compunds |
Make up most of living organisms |
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6 |
Nucleus consist of ... protons |
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Carbon atom |
Is versatile, can be "backbone" of long chains / rings. |
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Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acid |
Four main types of organic macromolecules |
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Carbohydrates |
Made of CHO |
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Carbohydrates |
Main energy source for living things |
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Carbohydrates |
Break down of sugars supplies immediate energy for cell activities |
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Starches |
Extra sugar is stored as complex carbs called ... |
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Monosaccharides |
Single sugar molecules |
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Glucose |
In many plant and animal tissues, most common monosaccharides |
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Glucose Fructose Galactose |
3 examples of monosachharides |
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Galactose |
Component of milk |
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Polysaccharides |
Large molecules of many monosaccharides |
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Glycogen Plant starch Cellulose |
3 types of polysaccharides |
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Glycogen |
Animals use to store excess sugar. |
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Plant starch |
Plants use to store excess sugar |
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Cellulose |
Fibers that give plants their rigidity and strength |
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Lipids |
Store more energy than CHOs because the chains are longer |
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Lipids |
Won't dissolve in water |
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Lipids |
Important parts of biological membranes and waterproof coverings |
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Steroids |
Are lipids that act chemical change |
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Saturated |
If all carbons have single bonds, lipid is... |
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Unsaturated |
If any carbons have double or triple bonds, lipid is... |
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Proteins |
Contain CHO plus Nitrogen |
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Proteins |
Found from amino acids joined together |
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20 |
More than ... amino acids can be joined in any order or number to make countless proteins |
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Chains |
Folded and twisted giving each protein a unique shape |
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Van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds |
Help maintain protein shape |
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Collagen |
make up your skin, muscles and bones |
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Enzymes |
Work to speed up runs in your body. |
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Nucleotides |
Nucleic acids are formed by bonding of individual units called ... |
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Nucleic acids |
Store and transmit hereditary information |
