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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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alkanes are relatively _____ |
unreactive |
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functional groups |
structural features that make it possible to classify compounds into families. A group of atoms within a molecule that has a characteristic chemical behavior. |
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the chemistry of every organic molecule, regardless of size and complexity, is determined by ____ |
the functional groups it contains |
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___, ___ and ____ all contain carbon -carbon multiple bonds |
alkenes, alkynes, and arenes (aromatic compounds) |
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alkenes have a ___ bond |
double |
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alkynes have a ___ bond |
triple |
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aromatic compounds or arenes have _____ |
alternating single and double bonds in a six-membered ring of carbon atoms |
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Alkene (fg) |
H2C=CH2 |
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Alkyne(fg) |
HC-=CH |
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Arene (aromatic ring) |
Six carbon atoms with alternating single and double bonds in a ring |
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Halide |
CH3X (X = Cl, F, Br, I) |
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Alcohol (fg) |
CH3OH (-ol) |
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Ether (fg) |
CH3 O CH3 (ether) |
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Monophosphate |
CH3OPO3 2- (phosphate) H3C - O - P - O3 (one double O bond and two with a negative charge) |
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Diphosphate |
CH3OP2O6 3- (diphosphate) H3C - O - PO2 - O - PO3 (each P has one O double bond and one or two O bonds with negative charge) |
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Amine |
CH3NH2 (-amine) |
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Imine (Schiff base) |
NH || CH3-C - CH3 |
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Nitrile |
CH3 - C -= N (triple bond with N) (-nitrile) |
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Thiol |
CH3SH (-thiol) |
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Sulfide |
CH3 - S - CH3 (sulfide) |
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Disulfide |
CH3 - S S - CH3 (disulfide) |
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Sulfoxide |
Sulfide with an O on the S with a negative charge. The S has a positive charge. |
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Aldehyde |
O || CH3CH (-al) |
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Ketone |
O || CH3-C-CH3 (-one) |
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Carboxylic Acid |
O || CH3 - C - OH (-oic acid) |
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Ester |
O || CH3 - C - O - CH3 (-oate) |
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Thioester |
O || CH3 - C - S - CH3 (-thioate) |
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Amide |
O || CH3 - C - N - CH3 (-amide) |
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Acid chloride |
O || CH3 - C -Cl (-oyl chloride) |
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Carboxylic Acid anhyride |
O O || || CH3C - O - CCH3 (-oic anhydride) |
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Functional Groups with Carbon Singly bonded to an electronegative atom have what in common? |
the bonds are polar with the carbon atom bearing a partial positive charge and the electronegative atom bearing a partial negative charge |
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what is a carbonyl group (car-bo-neel)? |
functional groups that have a carbon-oxygen double bond |
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what is unique about carbonyl groups? |
present in the great majority of organic compounds and practically all biological molecules |
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in carbonyl groups the carbon atoms bear a parital __ charge and the oxygen bears a partial __ charge |
positive, negative |
