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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Carbanions are stabilized by what?
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Either electronegative substituent groups or by resonance with electrons.
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(T/F) It is highly unfavorable for electronegative species such as oxygen to bear a formal positive charge.
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True.
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What is less soluble in water, an alkane/alkene/alkyne or ketone or ether?
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alkane/alkene/alkyne
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Which is more stable, 1,3 petadiene or 1,3,5-hexatriene?
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1,3,5-hexatriene b/c it has three bonds in cmoplete conjugation.
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What is an amide?
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organic compounds in which an amine functionality is directly bonded to a carbonyl carbon.
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What kinds of species can usuallyl form zitterions?
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amopteric species such as amino acids.
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Amino group (NH2) acts as a lewis acid or base?
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lewis base
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What is the special property of zwitterions?
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thyre have strong intermolecular attractions due to ionic and hydrogen bonding ==> provides for high bp/mp (?) relative to MW.
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Longer alkanes experience strong ____?
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Van Der Waals forces.
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Is melting point dictated by the same characteristics that determine boiling point? If so what?
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Yes. They're dictated by: intermolecular attraction, weight and geometry.
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Which has a higher boiling point: cis- or trans-1,2-dichloroethene?
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The bp of the cis isomer is higher b/c it has a net dipole moment.
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What are the difference btw enantiomers and diastereomers?
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Diastereomers are stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other;
Enantioemrs are mirror image isomers. |
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What are racemates?
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enantiomeric pairs.
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Which one will have a higher mp: a compound that has a carboxylic acid or hydroxyl group?
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carboxylic acid b/c it also has a polar carbonyl bond which serves to increase intermolecular attractions.
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What is a cyano functional group?
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C triple bonded to N
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(T/F) Meso compounds are a special case of stereoisomers which occur when a molecule has two achiral centers and each achiral center has identical substituants.
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False, they have two CHIRAL centers.
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What are capable of hydrogen bonding?
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Hydrogen thats been bonded to F, O, or N... or any electronegatige atom.
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Is NH2CH3 capable of hydrogen bonding?
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Yes, but it H is connected to N. But if it was a tertiary amine, than no.
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(T/F) Ethene has both carbon atoms sp2 hybridized and the molecule is planar.
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True; Three attached groups ==> will be arranged in a planar configuration roughly 120 deg apart, since that will minimize the electron-pair repulsion.
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