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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define organizational structure
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How job tasks are formally divided.
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What are the six elements of organizational structure?
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1. Work specialization
2. Departmentalization 3. Chain of command 4. Span of control 5. Centralization and decentralization 6. Formalization |
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What are the five ways you can departmentalize?
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1. Product
2. Functional 3. Geography 4. Customer 5. Process |
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What does unity of command mean?
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You have one and only one boss to report to.
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What does span of control mean?
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How many people can a boss effectively manage.
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What are the three drawbacks of a narrow span of control?
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1. Adds management levels
2. They make vertical communication more complex 3. They encourage overly tight supervision |
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What does formalization mean?
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The degree to which jobs are standardized. (Such as explicit job descriptions and lots of organizational rules)
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What are three common organizational designs?
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1. Simple structure
2. Bureaucracy 3. Matrix structure |
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What are the characteristics of a simple structure?
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Wide spans of control, authority in one individual, and little formalization. Small businesses use this.
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Explain how KWV impacted South African wine quality.
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The KWV mandated prices and negatively affected the quality of the wines.
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What is the matrix structure?
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It combines two forms of departmentalization: functional and product. So you have two bosses and overcome bureaupathologies.
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What is a virtual organization?
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It's where you outsource everything
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What's the difference between the mechanistic model and the organic model.
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Mechanistic is like a bureaucracy with vertical communication structure and formalization. Organic is like the boundaryless organization and has little formalization.
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What are the four forces that influence the structural design of an organization?
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1. Strategy
2. Organization size 3. Technology 4. Environmental uncertainty |
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What are three strategy dimension that may characterize a company?
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1. Innovation
2. Cost minimization 3. Imitation |
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What are the seven characteristics of organizational culture?
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1. Innovation and risk taking
2. Attention to detail 3. Outcome orientation 4. People orientation 5. Team orientation 6. Aggressiveness 7. Stability |
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What is a dominant culture?
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Expresses core values that are shared by the majority of the group.
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What values does a subculture have?
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It has the core values of the dominant culture, plus additional values unique to members of that subculture.
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What is most important about culture?
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The shared meaning that it has among members.
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What are the three disadvantages of culture?
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1. Barriers to change
2. Barriers to diversity 3. Barriers to acquisitions and mergers |
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What are the three stages of socialization?
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1. Prearrival
2. Encounter 3. Metamorphosis |
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What are rituals?
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Repetitive sequences of activities that express and reinforce the key values of the organization.
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What are four ways an employee learns corporate culture?
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1. Stories
2. Rituals 3. Material Symbols 4. Language |
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Who is responsible for managing change activities?
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Change agents
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Who made the three-step description of change that is associated with the "calm waters" simile?
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Kurt Lewin
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What are the three steps to change according to Kurt Lewin?
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1. Unfreeze
2. Change 3. Refreeze |
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What are the five ways to overcome resistance to change?
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1. Education
2. Participation 3. Building support and commitment 4. Selecting people who accept change 5. Coercion |
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What is organizational developement?
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It encompasses a collection of planned-change interventions built on humanistic values.
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What is appreciative inquiry?
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It focuses on the positive and uses that to improve company performance.
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What are the four steps of appreciative inquiry (AI)?
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1. Discovery
2. Dreaming 3. Design 4. Destiny |
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what are five characteristics of the mechanistic model?
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1. Highly centralized
2. High specialization 3. High formalization 4. Narrow spans of control 5. Rigid departmentalization |
