Oral Hygiene Ii Module 1

Front 1

Wearing away of surface material by friction.

Back 1

Abrasion

Front 2

A material composed of particles of sufficient hardness and sharpness to cut or scratch a softer material when drawn across its surface.

Back 2

Abrasive

Front 3

Device using air and water pressure to deliver a controlled stream of specialty processed sodium bicarbonate slurry through the hand-piece nozzle.

Back 3

Air-powder polisher
Air polishing
Air-powdered abrasive
Airbrasive

Front 4

Substance used to hold abrasive particles together.

Back 4

Binder

Front 5

Polishing of the anatomic crowns of the teeth to remove dental biofilm and extrinsic stains; does not involve calculus removal.

Back 5

Coronal polishing

Front 6

Clear, colorless, syrupy fluid used as a vesicle and sweetening agent for drugs and as a solvent and vehicle for abrasive agents.

Back 6

Glycerin

Front 7

With reference to abrasive agents; particle size.

Back 7

Grit

Front 8

The production, especially by friction, of a smooth, glossy, mirror-like surface that reflects light.

Back 8

Polishing

Front 9

p.s.i.

Back 9

Pounds per Square Inch

Front 10

r.p.m.

Back 10

Revolutions per minute

Front 11

Thin, semi-fluid suspension of a solid in a liquid.

Back 11

Slurry

Front 12

A dental procedure used to maintain the health or treat disease to restore health.

Back 12

Therapeutic procedure

Front 13

A nonissential procedure undertaken for esthetic reasons to improve appearance.

Back 13

Cosmetic procedure

Front 14

Is Coronal polishing a therapeutic or cosmetic procedure?

Back 14

Cosmetic

Front 15

Do dental stains contribute to dental caries, periodontal disease, or any other oral disease?

Back 15

No

Front 16

How does polishing affect teeth?

Back 16

It removes tooth structure over time.

Front 17

What are the adverse effects of polishing?

Back 17

Removes tooth surface over time
Causes aerosol production & splatter
Creates bacteremia

Front 18

Visible airborne particles dispersed into the environment by dental equipment such as dental handpieces and electronically powered instruments.

Back 18

Dental aerosols

Front 19

Consists of airborne particles that land on people and objects.

Back 19

Splatter

Front 20

Microorganisms in dental aerosols have been shown to survive for up to __________.

Back 20

24 hours.

Front 21

When should you not use power-driven equipment?

Back 21

Patient with a communicable disease
Patients that are susceptible to infection such as patients with respiratory/pulmonary disease, immunocomprised.

Front 22

What precaution should you take when using prophylaxis pastes?

Back 22

Eyewear because these pastes contain various chemicals that can cause severe inflammation in the eye.

Front 23

The presence of bacteria in the bloodstream.

Back 23

Bacteremia

Front 24

Patients that are susceptible to bacteremia include ________________.

Back 24

Patients with abnormal or damaged heart valves
Prosthetic heart valves
Prosthetic joint replacements
Rheumatic heart disease
Congenital heart disease
Cardiac bypass surgery w/i 6 M
Dialysis patients

Front 25

Term used to describe a problem brought on by something that a clinician does.

Back 25

Iatrogenic

Front 26

What does stain removal with an abrasive agent do to enamel, cementum, dentin.

Back 26

It removes surface layer of enamel where fluoride content is most protective.
It easily abrades the thin cementum and dentin by the CEJ

Front 27

Polishing generates heat. What care must be taken to ensure proper usage of polisher?

Back 27

Use wet polishing
Minimal pressure
Low speed
Incorrect polishing technique can injure the gingival margin.

Front 28

What are the most common extrinsic stains?

Back 28

Chlorhexidine stain
Tobacco stain

Front 29

What are the most common intrinsic stains?

Back 29

Tretracycline stains
Stains from silver amalgams and endodontic (root canal) treatment.

Front 30

How much of the outer enamel may be removed when polishing for 30 seconds with a pumice paste?

Back 30

4 um

Front 31

What are the effects of stain removal on teeth?

Back 31

Removal of tooth surface
Areas of deminiralization
Areas of thin enamel, cementum, or dentin
Care of restorations and implants
Heat production

Front 32

What are the effects of stain removal on gingiva?

Back 32

Trauma to gingival tissue
Removal of epithelium
Patient discomfort
Pumice as irritation source
Foreign body reaction to abrasive.

Front 33

What are some preventative procedures for caries?

Back 33

Placement of pits/fissure sealants
Professional application of fluoride agent

Front 34

What are the characteristics of abrasive particles?

Back 34

Shape - Irregularly shaped with sharp edges
Hardness - Harder than surface to be abraded; 10x harder than tooth structure
Body strength - Particles that fracture into smaller sharp-edged particles are more abrasive.
Attrition resistance- Effective abrasive particles do not dull; particles with greater attrition resistance abrade faster.
Grit - The larger the particle the more abrasive; finer achieve a glossier finish.

Front 35

This value is indicative of a material's resistance to scratching.

Back 35

Mohs hardness value

Front 36

What has the highest Mohs value after diamonds?

Back 36

Silicone Carbine - 9.5

Front 37

The most abrasive polishing agent available with a Mohs value of 9.5 is?

Back 37

Silicone Carbine

Front 38

Cleaning agents have a Mohl value less than that of enamel which is _____.

Back 38

5

Front 39

Name some abrasive agents.

Back 39

Silex
Pumice flour
Calcium carbonate
Tin oxide
Emery
Rouge
Diamond particles
Cleaning agents

Front 40

Simple, hand-held device featuring a tapered orangewood point.

Back 40

Porte Polishers

Front 41

What are the two types of prophylaxis angle and what are the angle attachments?

Back 41

Disposable or sterilizable
Rubber cups
Bristle brush

Front 42

What do you use for polishing proximal surfaces?

Back 42

Floss
Tape
Finishing strips

Front 43

Describe the uses, techniques, and advantages of air-powder polishing.

Back 43

Removes plaque and stains as effectively and in less time
Removes less root structure than curets
For anterior teeth use at a 60 degree angle
For posterior teeth use at a 80 degree angle
For occlusal surfaces use at a 90 degree angle
3-4 mm from tooth surface
Constant circular mostion
1/2 to 1 sec on each tooth surface
Rinse every 1 to 3 teeth.

Front 44

Risk patients for Air-powder-polishing.

Back 44

Patients with sodium-restricted diets, hypertension, or respiratory or infectious diseases
Root surfaces exposed
Soft, spongy gingiva
Restorative materials present

Front 45

What are some enhanced prophylaxis polishing pastes?

Back 45

Fluoride Prohylaxis Pastes
Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Pastes which forms apatite to mineralize the tooth
Tooth Whitening Pastes
Dentin Hypersensitivity Pastes which have Potassium Nitrate to block the dentinal tubules to block nerve transmission.