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361 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
ACUTE FEBRILE DISEASE MARKED BY DECREASE IN CIRCULATING GRANULOCYTES
INDUCED BY DRUGS/RADIATION |
AGRANULOCYTOSIS
|
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ALLERGIC RXN
|
HYPERSENSITIVE RXN TO ALLERGEN THAT BODY WAS PREVIOUSLY SENSITIZED.
RXNS ARE CLASSIFIED AS TYPE I TO TYPE VI (STRONG TO WEAK) |
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AUSCULATATION
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EXAMINATION PROCEDURE OF LISTENING FOR SOUNDS MADE BY BODY TO DETECT ABNORMAL CONDITION
|
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ANAPHYLAXIS
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VIOLENT ALLERGIC RXN THAT CAUSES COLLAPSE,SHOCK, RESP/CIRCULATION FAILURE, AND URTICARIA AFTER EXPOSURE TO ALLERGEN
|
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INDICATES CONC OF HEMOGLOBIN OR NUMBER OF RBC THAT ARE BELOW NORMAL W/RESPECT TO AGE AND SEX
SYMPTOMS: WEAK/PALLOR/ANOREXIA |
ANEMIA
|
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ANGINA
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CHOCKING PAIN
DISEASE PRODUCING PAIN |
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ANGIOEDEMA
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SWELLING OF LIPS,CHEEKS, EYE LIDS,TONGUE, SOFT PALATE, PHARYNX FROM FOOD ALLERGY OR DRUG. SWELLING OF GLOTTIS CAN BLOCK AIR WAY
|
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ANTICOAGULANT
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PREVENTS COAGULATION OF BLOOD
|
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ANTIHYPERTENSIVE
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LOWER BP
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APTHOUS ULCER
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PAINFUL,SHALLOW,ULCERATED LESION THAT LASTS 7-10 DAYS.
TRAUMA,MENSES,IMMUNE,UPPER RESP INFECTION, AND HERPES ARE CAUSES. ULCERS HAVE WELL DEFINED ERYTHEMA AND CENTRAL AREA OF NECROSIS W/SLOUGHING |
|
BLOOD DYSCRASIA
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CONDITION LIKE LEUKEMIA OR HEMOPHILIA WHERE BLOOD CONSTITUENTS ARE ABNORMAL OR IN ABNORMAL QUANTITIY
|
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BRUXISM
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GRINDING TEETH
|
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CANDIDIASIS
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FUNGAL INFECTION BY CANDIDA ALBICANS CAUSES ULCERS
CAN INDICATE HIV |
|
CARIES
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DECAY OF TOOTH
DEMINERALIZATION |
|
CHIEF COMPLAINT
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MAIN SYMPTOM OF PT
|
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CIRRHOSIS
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DEGENERATIVE DISEASE OF LIVER WHERE BF IS RESTRICTED AND DETOXIFICATION CANT HAPPEN
|
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CONTRAINDICATION
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SYMPTOM THAT INDICATES INAPPROPRIATE TREATMENT WHICH IS NORMALLY ADVISABLE
|
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CONVALESCENCE
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PERIOD BETWEEN END OF CLINICAL MANIFESTAION OF DESEASE AND PTS RESTORATION TO COMPLETE HEALTH
|
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DEVITALIZATION
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DESTRUCTION OF PULP BY CHEMICAL,INFECTION,EXTIRPATION
|
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DIABETES MELLITUS
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LO INSULIN SO CANT USE GLUCOSE
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS: POLYURIA,POLYDIPSIA,POLYPHAGA PTS HAVE LO RESISTANCE TO INFECTION AND LESS LIKELY TO HEAL |
|
DIAGNOSIS
|
DETERMING NATURE/CAUSE OF DISEASE VIA EXAM,HISTORY, OR LAB REVIEW
|
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DIALYSIS
|
DIFFUSE THROUGH MEMBRANE
FILTER BLOOD OF PT WITH FAILING KIDNEY |
|
DYSTROPHY
|
DEGENERATIVE DISEASE FROM FAULTY NUTRITION
EX: MOTTLED ENAMEL FROM F |
|
ELISA
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ENZYME LIKE IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY
TEST FOR PROTEIN USING AB TO PROTEIN AND ENZYME USED TO DETECT AB TO HIV; ALSO USED TO DETECT HCG IN PREG. TESTS |
|
DENTAL EROSION
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LOSS OF HARD SUBSTANCE OF TOOTH BY CHEMICALS THAT DO NOT INVOLVE BACTERIA
|
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ETIOLOGY
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ORGIN OF DISEASE
|
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EPILEPSY
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NEURO DISORDER CHARACTERISIZED BY MOTOR/SENSORY ATTACKS WO LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS
SEIZURES |
|
FISTULA
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ABNORMAL TRACT CONNECTING 2 BODY CAVITIES,ORGANS, OR PHYSIOLOGICAL SPACES
|
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HEMOPHILIA
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SEX LINKED BLOOD DISORDER MAINLY IN MALES WHERE BLOOD DOES NOT CLOT NORMALLY
|
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HEMOPTYSIS
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BRONCHIAL HEMORRHAGE MANIFESTED W/SPITTING BLOOD
|
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HEPARIN
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MUCOPOLYSACC W/HI MOL. WEIGHT
PREVENTS BLOOD CLOTTING |
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HEPATITIS
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INFLAM OF LIVER
|
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HYPEREMIA
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INCREASE BLOOD IN TISSUE
ACTIVE-DUE TO ARTERIOLE AND CAP DIALATION PASSIVE-DUE TO DECEASE OUTFLOW OF BLOOD |
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HYPERPLASIA
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INCREASE IN NUMBER OF CELLS IN TISSUE NOT DUE TO TUMOR
|
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INCUBATION
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DEV. OF INFECTION FROM TIME PATHOGEN ENTERS BODY TILL PT GETS SICK
|
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INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS IE
|
INFECTION OF ENDOCARDIUM/VALVES OF HEART BY MO.
INFECTION OF PROSTHETIC VALVES IS PROSTHETIC VALVE ENDOCARDITIS INFECTION OF ENDOTHELIUM OF BV IS INFECTIVE ENDOARTERITIS |
|
BACTERIAL ENDOCARDITIS
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IE CAUSED BY BACTERIA
|
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SUBACUTE BE
|
BE W/SLOW ONSET THAT CAN BE FATAL IN MONTHS
CAUSED BY STAPHLOCOCCUS AURES INFECTING HEART VALVES |
|
JAUDIC
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YELLOW STAINING OF INTEGUMENT,SCLERA, AND TISSUE AND EXCRETION W/BILE RESULTING FROM INCREASE LEVELS OF PLASMA
|
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KAPOSI SARCOMA
|
MALIGNANT NEOPLAM OF CONN TISSUE THAT OCURS BELOW SKIN ON MUCOSA
|
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LYMPHADENOPATHY
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ANY DISEASE PROCESS AFFECTING LYMPH NODE
|
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MALAISE
|
FEELING OF GENERAL DISCOMFORT; FIRST INDICATION OF DISEASE
|
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MACULE
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PATCH OF SKIN THATS DISCOLORED BUT NOT DEPRESSED OR ELEVATED
|
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PETECHIAL
|
MINUTE HEMORRHAGIC PINPOINTS IN SKIN WHICH ARE NOT BLANCHED BY PRESSURE
|
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POLYDIPSIA
|
EXCESSIVE THIRST
|
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PRECIPITATING FACTORS
|
ASSOCIATED W/ONSET OF DISEASE
|
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PROTHROMBIN
|
PLASMA PROTEN THAT IS INACTIVE PRECURSOR OF THROMBIN. MADE IN LIVER W/VIT K. AIDS IN CLOTTING
|
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SINUS
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CAVITY IN BONE
CHANNEL FOR VENOUS BLOOD |
|
SYNCOPE
|
LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS AND POSTURAL TONE CAUSED BY DIMINISHED BF TO BRAIN (FAINTING)
|
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URTICARIA
|
HIVES
|
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PURPOSE OF HEALTH HISTORY
|
GAIN INFO FOR DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
HELP PREVENT EMERGENCY APPRAISE PTS HEALTH/NUTRITION HELPT PT FIND UNRECOGNIZED DISEASE DOCUMENT RECORDS FOR COMPARISON EVIDENCE IN LEGAL CASES |
|
WHAT DOES COUMADIN DO?
|
BLOOD THINNER SO DO NOT WANT TO DO EXTRACTION ON PT ON THIS
|
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WHAT WRITIN UTENSIL IS USED TO WRITE HEALTH HISTORY?
|
BLUE/BLACK INK
NO PENCIL |
|
WHAT MEDICOLEGAL NOTATIONS MUST BE ON HEALTH HISTORY?
|
BLUE/BLACK INK
CORRECT DATE NOTATION OF MEDICAL ALERT CONFIDENTIAL SIGNED BY PT/GUARDIAN MUST BE UPDATED |
|
HOW OFTEN SHOULD HEALTH HISTORY BE UPDATED?
|
EVERY 6 MOS
2X YEAR |
|
WHERE SHOULD PT CONTRAINDICATION BE WRITTEN?
|
IN TREATMENT PROCRESS NOTES AND NOTE PROBLEM AND NEED TO STATE NO CONTRAINDICATION TO TX PRIOR TO DENTAL PROCEDURE FOR THAT DATE IN TX PROGRESS NOTES
|
|
WHICH APT SHOULD YOU ASK PT IS HE/SHE HAS ANY CHANGES IN HEALTH HISTORY?
|
AT EVERY APT
|
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ADVANTAGES OF HEALTH HISTORY QUESTIONNAIRE
|
SAVES TIME
CONSTITENT BC EVERY PT IS ASKED SAME QUESTION |
|
DISADVANTAGES OF HEALTH HISTORY QUESTIONNAIRE
|
IMPERSONAL INFLEXIBLE AND MAY NOT FIT EVERY SITUATION
|
|
ADVANTAGES OF HEALTH HISTORY INTERVIEW
|
GET MORE DETAILS
BUILD RAPPORT W/PT |
|
DISADVANTAGES OF HEALTH HISTORY INTERVIEW
|
TAKES LONG TIME
MAY FORGET SOME QUESTIONS SOME QUESTION TO EMBARRASSING FOR PT TO ANSWER |
|
AFTER GET ANSWERS TO HEALTH HISTORY WHAT SHOULD BE DONE?
|
COMMENT SECTION ON FROMS FOR DH OR DS TO EXPLAIN YES ANSWERS
WRITE HEALTH HISTORY SUMMARY FOR PT |
|
PURPOSE OF Q1:DO YOU THINK YOUR TEETH ARE AFFECTING YOUR HEALTH?
|
1.ESTABLISHES IN PTS MIND THAT ORAL HLTH IS PART OF GENERAL HLTH
2.PTS DENTAL PROBLEMS MAY BE RELATED TO SYSTEMIC COMPLAINTS |
|
IMPORTANCE OF Q: ARE YOU DISSATIFIED W/APPEARANCE OF TEETH?
|
ESTHETICS IMPORTANT
WANT PTS EXPECTATIONS TO BE REALISTIC |
|
IMPORTANCE OF Q: ARE YOU WORRIED ABOUT GETTING DENTAL TREATMENT?
|
DETERMINE REASON FOR APPREHENSION
DISCUSS FEAR W/PT AND BE SYMPATHETIC ALLOW THERAPEUTIC VENTILATION TIME FOR PT |
|
IMPORTANCE OF Q: HAVE YOU EVER HAD UNUSUAL RXN TO DENTAL ANESTHETIC?
|
IF Y
ASK PT WHAT SYMPTOMS THEY HAD MOST UNUSUAL RXN ARE DUE TO FEAR/ANXIETY (SYNCOPE,VOMIT) AND THESE ARE NOT ALLERGIC RXNS REMEMBER THAT ALLERGIC RXN IS ITCHING,HIVES,RASH,SWELING |
|
IMPORTANCE OF Q: DO YOU HAVE DIFFICULTY CHEWING FOOD OR OPENING MOUTH WIDE?
|
ALLOW YOU TO LOOK FOR OTHER PROBLEMS LIKE:
ILL FITTING DENTURES TMJ CARIOUS LESIONS MISSING TEETH MALOCCULSION VERY IMPORTANT TO DETERMINE IF CONDITION IS STATIC OR PROGRESSIVE,ONSET, AND IF MOVEMENT IS RESTRICTED DUE TO PAIN,DISEASE,OR OCCLUSAL INTERFERENCES |
|
OTHER Q TO ASK IF PT SAYS YES TO Q: DO YOU HAVE SENSITIVE TEETH,BLEEDING GUMS, OR SORE GUMS?
|
QUESTION SEVERITY AND DURATION OF COMPLAINT
PRECIPITATING FACTORS LIKE PAIN,HOT/COLD SENSITIVITY,PERCUSSION, AND MOBILITY |
|
WHAT DOES COLD SENSITIVITY SUGGEST?
|
HYPEREMIA OF PULP AND MAYBE A REVERSIBLE SITULATION
|
|
WHAT DOES HOT SENSITIVITY SUGGEST?
|
IRREVERSIBLE PROCESS IN PULP; PULPITIS
|
|
WHAT DOES PERCUSSION SUGGEST?
|
INVOLVEMENT OF PDL.
REBOUND TENDERNESS SUGGESTS A FRACTURED TOOTH |
|
WHAT DOES MOBILITY INDICATE?
|
PERIO DISEASE, BRUXISM, PERIAPICAL LESION, OR TRAUMA
|
|
WHAT DOES BLEEDING GUMS INDICATE?
|
PERIO DISEASE, BLOOD DYSCRASIAS (LEUKEMIA)
|
|
WHAT IS A V. COMMON CAUSE OF SENSITIVE TEETH?
|
GINGIVAL RECESSION
ROOT EXPOSURE |
|
PARULUS
|
PIMPLE ON GINGIVA DUE TO PULPITIS THAT IS TRYING TO DRAIN
USUALLY ON BUCCAL SURFACE |
|
WHY DO YOU GET TOOTH ACHE W/SINUSES?
|
REFERRED PAIN FROM MAX SINUS BC MAX SINUS IS CLOSE TO MAX MOLAR ROOTS SO INFLAM OF SINUS CAUSES TOOTHACHE
TREAT W/AMOXYCYLIN |
|
ETIOLOGY OF CANKER SORES
|
TRAUMA,PHYS/EMOTIONAL STRESS, NUTRION, ACIDIC FOODS, IMMUNOLOGIC DEFECT
CANKER SORES ARE CALLED APHTHOUS STOMATITIS |
|
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTIC OS APHTHOUS ULCERS
|
ROUND/OVAL CONCAVE LESIONS WITH WHITE/YELLOW CENTERS AND RED BORDER
USUALLY ON NONKERATINIZED MUCOSA ON LABIAL AND BUCCAL MUCOSA, VENTRAL SURFACE OF TONGUE,SOFT PALATE, TONSILLAR FAUCES, AND FLOOR OF MOUTH |
|
WHY DO YOU GET TOOTH ACHE W/SINUSES?
|
REFERRED PAIN FROM MAX SINUS BC MAX SINUS IS CLOSE TO MAX MOLAR ROOTS SO INFLAM OF SINUS CAUSES TOOTHACHE
TREAT W/AMOXYCYLIN |
|
HOW ARE APHTHOUS ULCERS CLASSIFIED?
|
1. MINOR WHICH ARE LESS THAN 5 MM IN DIAMETER
2. MAJOR WHICH ARE LARGER THAN 5 MM IN DIAMETER |
|
WHY DO YOU GET TOOTH ACHE W/SINUSES?
|
REFERRED PAIN FROM MAX SINUS BC MAX SINUS IS CLOSE TO MAX MOLAR ROOTS SO INFLAM OF SINUS CAUSES TOOTHACHE
TREAT W/AMOXYCYLIN |
|
ETIOLOGY OF CANKER SORES
|
TRAUMA,PHYS/EMOTIONAL STRESS, NUTRION, ACIDIC FOODS, IMMUNOLOGIC DEFECT
CANKER SORES ARE CALLED APHTHOUS STOMATITIS |
|
WHEN DO MINOR APHTHOUS ULCERS HEAL?
|
WI 7-10 DAYS
|
|
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTIC OS APHTHOUS ULCERS
|
ROUND/OVAL CONCAVE LESIONS WITH WHITE/YELLOW CENTERS AND RED BORDER
USUALLY ON NONKERATINIZED MUCOSA ON LABIAL AND BUCCAL MUCOSA, VENTRAL SURFACE OF TONGUE,SOFT PALATE, TONSILLAR FAUCES, AND FLOOR OF MOUTH |
|
TREATMENT OF APTHOUS ULCERS
|
TREATMENT IS PALLATIVE
TREAT WITH TOPICAL STEROIDS LIKE KENALOG IN ORABASE, LIDEX |
|
ETIOLOGY OF CANKER SORES
|
TRAUMA,PHYS/EMOTIONAL STRESS, NUTRION, ACIDIC FOODS, IMMUNOLOGIC DEFECT
CANKER SORES ARE CALLED APHTHOUS STOMATITIS |
|
WHERE IS INTRA ORAL HSV 1 FOUND?
|
ON ATTACHED GINGIVAL TISSUE OVER BONE
|
|
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTIC OS APHTHOUS ULCERS
|
ROUND/OVAL CONCAVE LESIONS WITH WHITE/YELLOW CENTERS AND RED BORDER
USUALLY ON NONKERATINIZED MUCOSA ON LABIAL AND BUCCAL MUCOSA, VENTRAL SURFACE OF TONGUE,SOFT PALATE, TONSILLAR FAUCES, AND FLOOR OF MOUTH |
|
HOW ARE APHTHOUS ULCERS CLASSIFIED?
|
1. MINOR WHICH ARE LESS THAN 5 MM IN DIAMETER
2. MAJOR WHICH ARE LARGER THAN 5 MM IN DIAMETER |
|
PRIMARY HSV-1
|
PRIMARY HERPETIC GINGIVOSTOMATITIS
IT IS ACUTE INFECTION W/HERPES 1 IN PT WITH NO PREVIOUS EXPOSURE TO VIRUS |
|
HOW ARE APHTHOUS ULCERS CLASSIFIED?
|
1. MINOR WHICH ARE LESS THAN 5 MM IN DIAMETER
2. MAJOR WHICH ARE LARGER THAN 5 MM IN DIAMETER |
|
WHEN DO MINOR APHTHOUS ULCERS HEAL?
|
WI 7-10 DAYS
|
|
SYMPTOMS OF PRIMARY HSV-1
|
FEVER,MALAISE
DEHYDRATION DIFF.EATING IRRITABLE PAINFUL CERVIAL LYMPHADENOPTY PHARYNGITIS |
|
WHEN DO MINOR APHTHOUS ULCERS HEAL?
|
WI 7-10 DAYS
|
|
TREATMENT OF APTHOUS ULCERS
|
TREATMENT IS PALLATIVE
TREAT WITH TOPICAL STEROIDS LIKE KENALOG IN ORABASE, LIDEX |
|
TREATMENT OF APTHOUS ULCERS
|
TREATMENT IS PALLATIVE
TREAT WITH TOPICAL STEROIDS LIKE KENALOG IN ORABASE, LIDEX |
|
clinical characteristics of primary herpes
|
many vesicles that rupture and coalesce w/ ulcers on lip,buccal,labial mucosa, and gingiva
ulcers are painful,small, yellow with red borders |
|
WHERE IS INTRA ORAL HSV 1 FOUND?
|
ON ATTACHED GINGIVAL TISSUE OVER BONE
|
|
WHY DO YOU GET TOOTH ACHE W/SINUSES?
|
REFERRED PAIN FROM MAX SINUS BC MAX SINUS IS CLOSE TO MAX MOLAR ROOTS SO INFLAM OF SINUS CAUSES TOOTHACHE
TREAT W/AMOXYCYLIN |
|
WHERE IS INTRA ORAL HSV 1 FOUND?
|
ON ATTACHED GINGIVAL TISSUE OVER BONE
|
|
onset of primary herpes
|
wi 3-10 days and lesions last 12-20days
|
|
PRIMARY HSV-1
|
PRIMARY HERPETIC GINGIVOSTOMATITIS
IT IS ACUTE INFECTION W/HERPES 1 IN PT WITH NO PREVIOUS EXPOSURE TO VIRUS |
|
PRIMARY HSV-1
|
PRIMARY HERPETIC GINGIVOSTOMATITIS
IT IS ACUTE INFECTION W/HERPES 1 IN PT WITH NO PREVIOUS EXPOSURE TO VIRUS |
|
SYMPTOMS OF PRIMARY HSV-1
|
FEVER,MALAISE
DEHYDRATION DIFF.EATING IRRITABLE PAINFUL CERVIAL LYMPHADENOPTY PHARYNGITIS |
|
SYMPTOMS OF PRIMARY HSV-1
|
FEVER,MALAISE
DEHYDRATION DIFF.EATING IRRITABLE PAINFUL CERVIAL LYMPHADENOPTY PHARYNGITIS |
|
ETIOLOGY OF CANKER SORES
|
TRAUMA,PHYS/EMOTIONAL STRESS, NUTRION, ACIDIC FOODS, IMMUNOLOGIC DEFECT
CANKER SORES ARE CALLED APHTHOUS STOMATITIS |
|
treatment of primary herpes
|
acyclivir
antipyretic agents like tylenol oral anesthetic rinses lots of fluids |
|
clinical characteristics of primary herpes
|
many vesicles that rupture and coalesce w/ ulcers on lip,buccal,labial mucosa, and gingiva
ulcers are painful,small, yellow with red borders |
|
clinical characteristics of primary herpes
|
many vesicles that rupture and coalesce w/ ulcers on lip,buccal,labial mucosa, and gingiva
ulcers are painful,small, yellow with red borders |
|
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTIC OS APHTHOUS ULCERS
|
ROUND/OVAL CONCAVE LESIONS WITH WHITE/YELLOW CENTERS AND RED BORDER
USUALLY ON NONKERATINIZED MUCOSA ON LABIAL AND BUCCAL MUCOSA, VENTRAL SURFACE OF TONGUE,SOFT PALATE, TONSILLAR FAUCES, AND FLOOR OF MOUTH |
|
onset of primary herpes
|
wi 3-10 days and lesions last 12-20days
|
|
etiology of recurrent herpes
|
reactivation of herpes I
virus leaves the trigeminal ganglion and goes down nerve to make lesaion on perioral skin or oral mucosa |
|
treatment of primary herpes
|
acyclivir
antipyretic agents like tylenol oral anesthetic rinses lots of fluids |
|
HOW ARE APHTHOUS ULCERS CLASSIFIED?
|
1. MINOR WHICH ARE LESS THAN 5 MM IN DIAMETER
2. MAJOR WHICH ARE LARGER THAN 5 MM IN DIAMETER |
|
onset of primary herpes
|
wi 3-10 days and lesions last 12-20days
|
|
types of herpes viruses
|
HSV-1
HSV-2 varicella zoster EBV cytomegalovirus |
|
etiology of recurrent herpes
|
reactivation of herpes I
virus leaves the trigeminal ganglion and goes down nerve to make lesaion on perioral skin or oral mucosa |
|
WHEN DO MINOR APHTHOUS ULCERS HEAL?
|
WI 7-10 DAYS
|
|
treatment of primary herpes
|
acyclivir
antipyretic agents like tylenol oral anesthetic rinses lots of fluids |
|
what causes reactivation of herpes?
|
triggered by many things like sunlt,trauma,stress, or immunosuppression
|
|
types of herpes viruses
|
HSV-1
HSV-2 varicella zoster EBV cytomegalovirus |
|
TREATMENT OF APTHOUS ULCERS
|
TREATMENT IS PALLATIVE
TREAT WITH TOPICAL STEROIDS LIKE KENALOG IN ORABASE, LIDEX |
|
etiology of recurrent herpes
|
reactivation of herpes I
virus leaves the trigeminal ganglion and goes down nerve to make lesaion on perioral skin or oral mucosa |
|
what causes reactivation of herpes?
|
triggered by many things like sunlt,trauma,stress, or immunosuppression
|
|
types of herpes viruses
|
HSV-1
HSV-2 varicella zoster EBV cytomegalovirus |
|
WHERE IS INTRA ORAL HSV 1 FOUND?
|
ON ATTACHED GINGIVAL TISSUE OVER BONE
|
|
what causes reactivation of herpes?
|
triggered by many things like sunlt,trauma,stress, or immunosuppression
|
|
PRIMARY HSV-1
|
PRIMARY HERPETIC GINGIVOSTOMATITIS
IT IS ACUTE INFECTION W/HERPES 1 IN PT WITH NO PREVIOUS EXPOSURE TO VIRUS |
|
SYMPTOMS OF PRIMARY HSV-1
|
FEVER,MALAISE
DEHYDRATION DIFF.EATING IRRITABLE PAINFUL CERVIAL LYMPHADENOPTY PHARYNGITIS |
|
clinical characteristics of primary herpes
|
many vesicles that rupture and coalesce w/ ulcers on lip,buccal,labial mucosa, and gingiva
ulcers are painful,small, yellow with red borders |
|
onset of primary herpes
|
wi 3-10 days and lesions last 12-20days
|
|
treatment of primary herpes
|
acyclivir
antipyretic agents like tylenol oral anesthetic rinses lots of fluids |
|
etiology of recurrent herpes
|
reactivation of herpes I
virus leaves the trigeminal ganglion and goes down nerve to make lesaion on perioral skin or oral mucosa |
|
types of herpes viruses
|
HSV-1
HSV-2 varicella zoster EBV cytomegalovirus |
|
what causes reactivation of herpes?
|
triggered by many things like sunlt,trauma,stress, or immunosuppression
|
|
clinical characteristics of recurrent herpes labialis
|
clusters of small vesicles which rupture to form small ulcers that merge to form large ulcers
usually on lower lip. the ulcers will form crust on perioral skin |
|
clinical characteristics of intraoral herpes I
|
intraoral lesions, these are less common than herpes labialis
occurs on keratinized mucosa that is attached gingiva lesion recur at same site |
|
recurrent herpes onset
|
v. rapid and is preceeded by prodromal stage w/burning and tingling at site
lesions last 7-14 days and heal spontaneously |
|
treatment of recurrent herpes
|
acyclovir
valtrex denavir (must be done in early stage) |
|
herpetic whitlow
|
herpes on finger due to autoinoculation from herpes on lip or genital area
2-20 days incubation pain,erythema,vessicals, crusting heals in 2-3 weeks treat w/acyclovir |
|
herpes simplex Belpharitis
|
HSV that involves the eye
small vesicles along lip vessicles ulcerate,harden, and crust over |
|
what triggers herpes simplex blepharitis?
|
fever
trauma emotional stress menstration immunosurpressors overexposure to UV radiation |
|
treatment of herpes simplex blepharitis
|
warm saline compresses topical drying agent
antibiotic ointment to prevent secondary bacterial infection antiviral agent |
|
pt answers YES to Q: have you ever had a toothache?
|
ask....
what is nature of toothache? was it treated? type of treatment? present status of tooth? |
|
What should you further ask and be aware of if pt answers YES to Q: Have you ever had an injury to your face or jaws?
|
ask nature of injury and treatment
be aware of possibility of: Devitalization of tooth Malocclusion TMJ pain Facial deformity Retained foreign obj |
|
common differential diagnosesis
|
dental caries
fracture tooth periodontal disease trauma recent dental treatment ulcers sinus infection bruxism |
|
Purpose of Q: Do you ever have sinus trouble?
|
max molar toothache w/o disease due to max sinus infection
look on xray to see if roots are adjacent to infected sinus |
|
what must you determine if pt says YES to Q:Are you being treated by physician at present time?
|
determine type of Tx
establishes chronic/acute disease state may need to consult pt dr |
|
purpose of Q: What Rx or nonRx med are you taking?
|
medications indicated specific disease and severity
have pt write down meds and purpose |
|
side effect of antianxiety and antihypertensive meds
|
xerostomia
|
|
what is side effect of people taking blood thinners like Coumadin,Asmpirin, NSAIDS, and Gingko?
|
increased bleeding
|
|
What is side effect of taking corticosteroids?
|
susceptible to inefection
intolerence to stress |
|
Why does pt put no on hlth history about meds if they are taking birth control?
|
pts do not consider aspirin,birth control,vitamins, or herbs as meds but they can affect treatment or drugs dr prescribes
|
|
what must you find out if pt says yes to Q: Have you seen a physician wi the last five years?
|
find out ...
date of exam reason of exam condition discoverd/treatment |
|
If a pt says no to question: Have you seen a physion wi last five years does that mean the pt is healthy?
|
no it just mean they have not seen a dr
|
|
ALL
|
acute lymphocytic leukemia
|
|
AML
|
Acute Myelocytic Leukemia
|
|
Anes
|
anesthetic
|
|
approx
|
approximate
|
|
Appt
|
appointment
|
|
Aspirin
|
ASA
|
|
b.i.d
|
twice a day
|
|
bilat
|
bilateral
|
|
BP
|
blood pressure
|
|
bitewing xray
|
BWX
|
|
BX
|
biopsy
|
|
C.C.
|
Cheif Complaint
|
|
C/C
|
complete dentures
|
|
C/P
|
complete max denture and man partial denture
|
|
Ca
|
cancer
|
|
CABG
|
coronary artery bypass graft
|
|
Cau.
|
Caucasion
|
|
complete bood count
|
CBC
|
|
congenital heart disease
|
CHD
|
|
CHF
|
congestive heart failure
|
|
CMV
|
cytomegalic virus
|
|
CNS
|
central nervous system
|
|
continue
|
cont.
|
|
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
|
COPD
|
|
CP
|
cerebral palsy
|
|
CVA
|
cerebral vascular attack
|
|
DC
|
discontinue
|
|
Dental hygiene
|
DH
|
|
DOB
|
date of birth
|
|
diagnosis
|
DX
|
|
each
|
ea.
|
|
epstein barr virus
|
EBV
|
|
EKG or ECG
|
electrocardiogram
|
|
Echo
|
echocardiogram
|
|
estimate date of confinement
|
EDC
|
|
EEG
|
eletroencephalogram
|
|
eg.
|
for example
|
|
Emerg.
|
emergency
|
|
Endo
|
endodontics
|
|
ENT
|
ears,nose,and throat
|
|
Emergency room
|
ER
|
|
Etoh
|
ethanol
|
|
eval.
|
evaluation
|
|
ext.
|
extraction
|
|
FMX or FMS
|
full mouth radiographic survey
|
|
each
|
ea.
|
|
epstein barr virus
|
EBV
|
|
EKG or ECG
|
electrocardiogram
|
|
Echo
|
echocardiogram
|
|
estimate date of confinement
|
EDC
|
|
EEG
|
eletroencephalogram
|
|
eg.
|
for example
|
|
Emerg.
|
emergency
|
|
Endo
|
endodontics
|
|
ENT
|
ears,nose,and throat
|
|
Emergency room
|
ER
|
|
Etoh
|
ethanol
|
|
eval.
|
evaluation
|
|
ext.
|
extraction
|
|
FMX or FMS
|
full mouth radiographic survey
|
|
FPD
|
fixed partial denture
|
|
Fx.
|
fracture
|
|
GI
|
gastrointestinal
|
|
gram
|
gm
|
|
gr
|
grains
|
|
HBV
|
hep B virus
|
|
HIV
|
human immunodeficiency virus
|
|
hour
|
hr.
|
|
HS
|
at bedtie
|
|
HX
|
history
|
|
I&D
|
incision and drainage
|
|
IM
|
intramuscular
|
|
Irreg.
|
irregular
|
|
ITP
|
idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura
|
|
IV
|
intravenous
|
|
Mand.
|
mandibular
|
|
max.
|
maxillary
|
|
meds.
|
medication
|
|
MI
|
myocardial infarction
|
|
MVP
|
mitral valve prolapse
|
|
N/A
|
not applicable
|
|
NAD
|
no apparant distress
|
|
nec.
|
necessary
|
|
neg.
|
negative
|
|
NPO
|
nothing by mouth
|
|
operative
|
Op.
|
|
OS
|
oral surgery
|
|
ORL
|
otorhinolaryngology
|
|
p.r.n.
|
as needed
|
|
p/p
|
partial over partial
|
|
Mand.
|
mandibular
|
|
max.
|
maxillary
|
|
meds.
|
medication
|
|
MI
|
myocardial infarction
|
|
MVP
|
mitral valve prolapse
|
|
N/A
|
not applicable
|
|
NAD
|
no apparant distress
|
|
nec.
|
necessary
|
|
neg.
|
negative
|
|
NPO
|
nothing by mouth
|
|
operative
|
Op.
|
|
OS
|
oral surgery
|
|
ORL
|
otorhinolaryngology
|
|
p.r.n.
|
as needed
|
|
p/p
|
partial over partial
|
|
PA
|
periapical
|
|
Path.
|
pathology
|
|
PCN
|
penicillin
|
|
PMH
|
past medical history
|
|
PO
|
orally by mouth
|
|
post.
|
after
|
|
post-op
|
after surgery
|
|
pt.
|
patient
|
|
PX
|
prognosis
|
|
q.
|
every
|
|
q.i.d.
|
four times a day
|
|
R/O
|
rule out
|
|
Rctx or Rctr
|
root canal treatment
|
|
rec
|
recommend
|
|
ref.
|
referral
|
|
reg.
|
regular
|
|
RHD
|
rheumatic heart disease
|
|
ROM
|
range of motion
|
|
RPD
|
removal partial denture
|
|
RTC
|
return to clinic
|
|
RXN
|
reaction
|
|
SBE
|
subacute bacterial endocarditis
|
|
sig.
|
write on label
|
|
SLE
|
systemic lupus erthematos
|
|
SOB
|
shortness of breath
|
|
Sq.
|
squamous
|
|
Surg.
|
surgery
|
|
temp.
|
temperature
|
|
t.i.d.
|
three times a day
|
|
URI
|
upper respiratory infection
|
|
UTI
|
urinary tract infection
|
|
w/ or c
|
with
|
|
w/o or s
|
without
|
|
WDWN
|
well developed, well nurished
|
|
WNL
|
within normal limits
|
|
wt.
|
weight
|
|
y/o
|
year old
|
|
purpose of Q: have you been seriously ill, hospitalized or had surgery?
|
seriously ill indicates impairment of hlth
get details of hospital experience and rxn to anesthesia or other complications like: excessvie hemorrhage wound infection delayed healing drug allergies diff convalescence |
|
what do transfusions and gen. anesthesia usually indicate?
|
major surgery
|
|
what do repeated blood transfusions indicate?
|
blood dyscrasia
-hemophilia -aplastic anemia |
|
aplastic anemia
|
decrease in bone marrow elements like RBC,platelets, granulocytes,WBC
|
|
what causes aplastic anemia?
|
drugs like chloramphinicol, sulfinamides, and penacylin
virus (Hep C) immunolgically impaired genetic disease |
|
mouth of pt with aplastic anemia
|
pale tongue, spontaneous gingival bleeding
|
|
If pt says Y to having blood transfusions or general anesthetic what shoud dr be alert to?
|
possibility of pt being Hep B, Hep C, or HIV carrier from many transfusions
must get details of general anesthesia experience and record it on hlth history |
|
What is donated blood screed for?
|
blood type
Rh factor Hep B surface antigen Hep B core Hep C antibodies Alanine aminotransferase HIV syphilis CMV Sickle Cell Cholesterol West Nile Virus |
|
What does screening for Hep B surface antigen do?
|
detects present infection or carrier state
|
|
What does screening for Hep B core detect?
|
past or present infection
|
|
Why do blood screen for alanine aminotransferase?
|
bc its a liver enzyme to detect undetectable hepatitis
|
|
who mainly has CMV
|
HIV pt
newborns elderly |
|
what should you look for it pt has history of malignancies?
|
recurrence
|
|
if pt has had radiation in head/neck what problems can result?
|
xerostomia
dysgeusia mucositis/stomatitis muscle trimus radiation caries osteoradionecrosis |
|
xerostomia from radiaiton
|
lack of saliva.
dry mouth due to lack of funciton of saliva glands normal gland function can be destroyed in radiation therapy |
|
dysgeusia
|
abnormal or impaired taste
|
|
mucositis/stomatitis
|
culture infection to ID fungal,bacterial, or viral orgin
mouth pain-prescibe topical or systemica analgesics |
|
muscle trismus
|
musculature contracture from radiation therapy
|
|
Radiation caries
|
usually class V smooth surface caries which may encirlce the cervial third of teeth
|
|
osteoradionecrosis
|
causes reduction of vitabity of bone through decrease in vasculature. bone necrosis is secondary to radiation and superimposed infection
|
|
in what arch is osteoradionecrosis potential greater?
|
in mandible bc less BF
|
|
What to ask if pt says Y to radiation TX
|
need to know amt of radiation and area of body radiated prior to dental treatment
|
|
TX of osteoradionecrosis
|
hyperbaric oxygen and antibiotics
|
|
if pt says Y to Q: Have you ever been treated for tumor, cancer, malignancy? what alerts should you have?
|
where was tumor?
was tumor benign/malignant? how was tumor treated? when was tumor treated? what type of follo up care is needed following TX? how often is pt eval by dr post treatment? |
|
how are most ccancers treated?
|
with surgery or chemo and not radiation
|
|
treatment of primary disease (cancer) may produce what significant changes?
|
thrombocytopenia
leukopenia anemia all caused by chemo |
|
thrmbocytopenia
|
abnormal hematologic condition in which the number of platelets are reduced. most common cause of bleeding disorder
|
|
leukopenia
|
prone to infection due to bone marrow suppression
decrease in WBC |
|
anemia
|
decrease in hemogloin conc in RBC
amount of RBCs and vol of RBCs per 100mL of blood are less than normal |
|
common sites of primary lesions that can metastasize to oral cavity: (in order)
|
breast
lung kidney thyroid prostate colon |
|
pt who are exposted to AIDS
|
sexual contact
IV drug use infected mom to infant transfusion hlth care needle sticks |
|
signs and symptoms of AIDS
|
malaise for lone period
loss of appetite, lose weight low grade fever for > 1 mo. unexplained lymphadenopathy pneumonia |
|
oral manifestaions of AIDS
|
candidiasis
linear marginal erythema necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis oral hairy leukoplakia kaposi's sarcoma |
|
Candidiiaisis
|
can get from AIDS or taking load of antibiotics
treat w/antifungal drug |
|
what to do if pt says Y to having an artificial joint,pin, or other surgical device implanted?
|
determine what type of appliance was placed and when
pins,plates,screws do NOT need antibiotic premed pts w/artificaial joints need antibiotic premeds for 2 yrs post surgery |
|
pt says Y to being treated for alcohol or drug dependency
|
how long has sobriety lasted
how many times in TX? is pt in AA or NA? |
|
what to do for pt recovering from alcohol or drug abuse
|
increase amt of local anesthesia and have longer appt.
avoid nitroux, narcotic medications, and any meds w/ alcohol |
|
do you premed pt w/pacemaker?
|
nope
just avoid electrical equipment such as: ultrasonic scaler pulp tester electrocautery unit electromagnetic fields interfere w/pacemaker |
|
rheumatic fever
|
acute inflam condition that follows sore throat, caused by group A streptococcal infection
may have autoimmune like rxn between tissue and bacteria. RF develops 2/6 wks after initial pharyngitis |
|
at what age do most get rheumatic fever?
|
5-15
|
|
acute phase rheumatic fever
|
lasts 6-12 weeks
takes 6 mos for disease to resolve |
|
% recurrence rate w/rheumatic fever
|
50%
|
|
What accounts for 95% of heart disease in children?
|
Rheumatic fever
|
|
how to diagnose RF
|
throat culture and blood test
|
|
treatment of RF
|
antibiotics
NSAIDS antipyretic med bed rest |
|
do we premed pts w/history of RF?
|
yes only if pt has cardiac damage with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) to prevent infective endocarditis. If just RF then no need
|
|
% of RF pts who develop RHD an organic heart murmur
|
30-80%
|
|
best day to dental treatment on pt w/kidney disease
|
day after dialysis
|
|
why not treat pt on same day as dialysis?
|
bc heparin use
|
|
Do pts who are undergoing dialysis need premed?
|
yeah they require antibiotic prophy before dental treatment
|
|
peritoneal dialysis
|
hypertonic or dialysate sln instilled into peritoneal cavity
drains through catheter 4-6 hrs into a bag risk of peritonitis |
|
problem w/hemodialysis and drugs
|
hemodialysis removes certain drugs from blood which shrotens effect of presecrioption meds
dosing amt and interals need to be adjusted |
|
drugs taken by pts w/kidney transplant.
what should dr be careful of w/these pts? |
immunosuppressive
avoid drugs that are toxic to kidney consult w/dr prior to TX |
|
2 types of hepatitis?
|
hep A,B,C (viral)
drug incduced through alchol or antibiotics |
|
livers role in metabolic functions:
|
bile secretion
conversion of glucose->gycogn excretion of billirubin syntheisis of coagulation metabolism of drugs |
|
problem w/ impairment of liver function can lead to what?
|
abnormalities inmetabolism of aa,protein, carbs and lipids
|
|
what to ask if pt says Y to having liver disease
|
when was pt diagnosed and treated
|
|
#1 cause of liver disease
|
cirrhosis due to alcholism
|
|
why do pts w/liver disease have bleeding tendencies?
|
due to reduction of prothrombin production
|
|
drugs that people w/liver disease cannot detoxify
|
barbiturates (valium)
local anesthesia (xylocaine) tylenol aspirin Ibprofin ampicillin tetracycline |
|
xylocaine vs. carbocaine
|
xylocaine is lidocaine w/epiniphrine as vasoconstrictor
carbocaine is lidocaine wo epiniphrine so short lived bc no vasoconstrictor |
|
does positive skin test to tuberculosis (PPD) mean pt has TB?
|
no just means pt has been exposed
|
|
treatment and prevention of TB
|
INH isoniazid
may be on drug 9mo-2yr rifampin-antituberculosis agent used for 6-9 mos |
|
what to ask if pt say Y to venereal disease
|
nature of disease
type of Tx when was disease Tx number of recurrences |