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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Two Parts of the Oral Cavity
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1. Vestibule: narrow interval b/w lips/cheeks and teeth/ginigivae
2. Oral Cavity Proper: posterior and medial to the upper and lower dental arches |
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Lips
Structure? Contents? Muscle? |
Covered by skin externally, mucous membrane internally.
B/W Obicularis Oris(CN 7) and mucous membrane there are labial salivary glands |
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Cheeks
Structure? Contents? Muscle? Nerve? |
Covered by skin externally, mucus membrane internally.
Parotid Duct open on the parotid papilla opposite of 2nd max. molar Buccal Salivary glands b/w buccinator(CN7) and mucus membrane Sensory SA via long buccal(V3) |
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Gingivae
Structure? Innervation? |
Fibrous tissue covered with mucous membrane
SA from: superior alveolar, greater palatine, nasopalatine, long buccal, inferior alveolar, lingual, mental |
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Innervation for teeth
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Max Molars: Posterior Superior Alveolar
Max Premolars: Middle Superior Alveolar Max Anteriors: Anterior Superior Alveolar Mandibulars: Inferior Alveolar nerve |
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Hard Palate Formation
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Horizontal Plate of the Palatine Bone,
Palatine process of the Maxillary bone |
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Hard Palate Foramina
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Incisive: Nasopalatine nerves, septal br. of sphenopalatine artery(anastomosis with great palatine a.)
Greater Palatine Foramen: Transmits palatine nerve and vessels to the hard palate Less Palatine Foramen: less palatine nerve and vessels to soft palate |
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Hard Palate
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Covered by mucous membrane(connected to periosteum)
Deep to Mucosa, mucus secreting palatine glands(VE Para/Post from PPG via greater palatine nerve) |
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soft Palate
Location? Fxn? |
Extends posterioinferiorly from hard palate, ends into free margin conical process called UVULA.
Fxn: close off nasopharynx during swallowing, suckling, oral speech |
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Soft Palate Contents?
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Fold of mucous membrane enclosing:
aponeurosis, muscles, palatine glands(VE Para Post via PPG via Lesser Palatine N.), vessels, nerves |
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Soft Palate Pillars
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Anterior: Palatoglossal arch/fold
Posterior: Palatopharyngeal arch/fold |
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Soft Palate Fauces
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Aperature by which the mouth communicates with oropharynx(M shaped).
bound superiorly by soft palate, inferiorly by dorsum of tongue, laterally by palatoglossal arch. |
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Muscles of the Soft Palate Innervation
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Tensor Veli Palatine -V3
Levator veli palatini-XI via X Palatoglossues- XI via X Palatopharyngeus- XI via X Musculus uvulae-XI via X |
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1. Levator Veli Palatini
2. Palatoglossus 3. Palatopharyngeus 4. Musculus uvulae 5. Tensor Veli Palatini |
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Tensor Veli Palatini
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Origin: Scaphoid of Spehnoid, Spine of Sphenoid, auditory tube cartilage
Insert: Palatine aponeurosis Nerve: V3(from m. pterygoid that goes through otic ganglion) Action: tenses soft palate, opens auditory tube during swallowing/yawning |
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Musuclus uvulae
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O: Posterior nasal spine, palatine aponuerosis
I: mucosa of uvula Nerve: 11 via 10(pharyngeal plexus) Action: shorters uvula and pulls it superiorly |
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Palatopharyngeus
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Origin: Palatine Aponeurosis
Insert: Lateral Wall of Pharynx Nerve: CN 11 via 10 (pharyngeal plexus) Action: pulls wall of pharynx superiorly, anteriorly & medially during swallowing |
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Palatoglossus
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Origin: palatine aponeurosis
Insert: Lateral Margin of the Tongue Nerve: 11 via 10 Action: elevates posterior part of tongue and depresses soft palate |
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Levator Veli Palatini
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Origin: Auditory Tube Cartilage,Petrous part of temporal B.
Insert: CN 11 via 10 Action: elevates soft palate during swallowing & yawning |
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SA for Hard palate(gingiva and mucus membrane)
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Greater Palatine Nerve +Nasopalotine Nerves
SA via V2 VE Para Post to Palatine Glands Symp Post |
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SA for soft palate
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Lesser Palatine(SA from V2)
VE Para Post to Palatine Glands Symp Post |
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Blood Supply to Palate
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Greater and Lesser Palatine Arteries
which are branches of descending palatine artery |
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2 Parts of the Tongue
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1. oral part-ant. 2/3
2. pharyngeal part-posterior 1/3 |
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Tongue Parts Division
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Boundaries between parts indicated by anterior pillars(palatoglossal arches)
and a V-shaped groove called Sulcus Terminalis whose apex projects posteirorly and ends in a median pit called the foramen cecum |
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Oral Part of Tongue
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1. Vallate+Foliate+fungiform papillae contain taste buds
2. Filiform-snesory nerve endings for touch |
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Pharyngeal Part and Lingual Tonsils
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Mucus membrane thick and contains lymphatic nodules--> lingual tonsils
Also contains taste resceptors |
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Inferior Surface of Tongue
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Reflects onto lingual gingvae and floor of mouth.
Mucosa is elevated into a fold called frenulum of the tongue |
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Extrinsic Tongue Muscles:
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Genioglossus
hyoglossus styloglossus Innervated via CN12 |
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Styloglossus
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Origin: styloid process of temporal bone
Insert: side of tongue, interdigitating with hyoglossus Nerve: CN12 Action: Retracts tongue, curls up sides of tongue |
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Hyoglossus
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Origin: greater horn/body of hyoid
Insert: interior aspect of lateral part of tongue Nerve: CN12 Action Depresses Tongue |
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Genioglossus
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Origin: Superior genial tubercle of mandible
insert: entire dorsum of tongue, some attach to hyoid Nerve: CN12 Action: Protrudes and depresses tongue |
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Left-->Right
Genioglossus Geniohyoid Mylohyoid Hyoglossus Styloglossus |
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Tensor Veli Palatini
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Attachments: Auditory Cartilage, Spine/Scaphoid of Sphenoid, Palatine Aponeurosis
N: V3 FXN: Tense soft palate, open auditory tube during swallowing/yawning |
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Levator Veli Palatini
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A: auditory cartilage, petrous part of temporal bone, palatine aponeurosis
N: CN12 FXN: Elevate soft palate during swallowing and yawning |
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Palatopharyngeus
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A:Palatal aponeurosis, lateral pharynx
N: CN12 FXN: Draws pharynx Anterior,medial, superior during swallowing |
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Palatoglossus
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A: Palatal Aponeurosis, Lateral tongue
N: CN12 FXN: Raises posterior tongue, depress soft palate |
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Muscle of Uvulae
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A: Posterior nasal spine, palatine aponeurosis, mucosa of uvula
N: CN12 FXN: shorters uvula and pulls it superiorly |
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Hard Palate Mucosal Innervation
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SA via Nasal Palatine(V2), Greater Palatine(V2)
Para/Post to palatine glands Symp Post to arteries |
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Soft Palate Mucosal innervation
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SA via Lesser Palatine(V2)
Para/Post to Palatine glands Sympost to arteries |
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Palate Blood Supply
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Greater Palatine A.
Lesser Palatine A. these are branches of descending palatine |
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tongue, 2 divisions?
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Oral Part: Anterior 2/3, anterior to sulcus terminalis
Pharyngeal Part: Posterior 1/3 posteior to sulcus terminalis |
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tongue Features
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Taste: fungiform, foliate, vallate
Sensory: filiform |
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Inferior Surface of Tongue
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Reflects onto floor of mouth and midline.
Muscosa elevated into a fold called the frenulum of the tongue |
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Genioglossus
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A: Genial tubercles, spans to dorsum of tongue
N: CN12 FXN: Protrude, depress tongue |
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Hyoglossus
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A: greater horn + body Hyoid bone, lateral inferior tongue
N: CN12 FXN: Depress tongue |
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Styloglossus
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A: Styloid Process, Lateral surface of tongue, interdigitating with hyoglossus
N: CN12 FXN: retract tongue, rolls up lateral side of tongue |
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Intrinsic Muscles
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superior/inferior longitudinal
Tranverve Vertical FXN: change shape of tongue |
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Arteries for Tongue
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Lingual branch of external carotid A.
Branches: Deep Lingual: tip Sublingual: under tongue Dorsal Tongue: Dorsum |
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Innvervation of the tongue
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Anterior 2/3 : CN 7 SS, V3 SA
Posterior 1/3: CN 9 SS, VA Posterior: CN10 SS, VA |
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Tongue Veins
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Lingual Vein(from IJV)
Branches: Deep Lingual: tip Sublingial: inferior surface of tongue Dorsal Lingual: dorsum |
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Sublingual Gland
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superior to mylohyoid
8-20 ducts which open into the mouth plica sublingualis(sublingual fold) |
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Connection of tongue to epiglottis
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Lateral Glossepiglottic Fold
Medial Glossoepiglottic Fold Vallecula |
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Innervation of teeth
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Maxillary: SA via superior alveolar nerves(posterior, middle, anterior) via V2
Mandibular: SA of inferior alveolar(V3) |
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Lymph Drainage
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Anterior 2/3 Tip: Sub Mental
Anterior 2/3 Middle: Deep Cervical Anterior 2/3 Lateral: Submandibular Posterior 1/3: Deep Cervical |
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Blood supply to teeth
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Maxillary: Superior Alveolar arteries
(posterior-->V2, middle, anterior via infraoribital a.) Mandibular: inferior alveolar(1st part of Maxillary A.) |
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Maxillary Buccal and labial ginigivae
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superior alveolar
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Palatine Gingivae
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greater palatine(molars/premolars) and nasopalatine nerve(incisor)
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Mandibular Buccal Gingivae
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long buccal V3
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Mandibular Lingual gingivae
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Lingual nerve V3
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Mandibular Labial Gingivae
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incisive br. of the inferior alveolar nerve
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PSA Nerve Block
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anestehesia of maxillary molar teeth up to 1st molar
risks hematoma formation due to accidential injection into pterygoid plexus of veins or accidental puncture of maxillary artery |
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MSA nerve Block
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Maxillary Premolar teeth or mesiobuccal root of 1st molar
sometimes absent-->PSA ASA |
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ASA
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anesthesize maxillary central and lateral incisors/canine as well as soft tissue on buccal aspect
may also innervate premoalr teeth and mesibuccal root of 1st molar |
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Greater Palatine Nerve Block
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Palatal aspect of maxillary premoalr/molar dentition
targets anterior to palatine canal |
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Nasopalatine Nerve Block
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anesethtizes nasopalatine nerves bilaterally, anesthesia of lingual aspect of multiple anterior teeth
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