Oral Biology

Front 1

Diploid Number of Chromosomes?
-How many are Sex Chromosomes?
-What is the # of Autosomes?

Back 1

46 chromosomes total
-23 Mother
-23 Father

2 are Sex Chromosomes

44 Autosomes (22 mother + 22 father)

Hint 1

Mother + Father

Front 2

Fusion of the Male and Female Germ Cells?

Spermatozoa and Ova are called what?

2 Gametes fuse to make a ___?

Back 2

Fertilization

Gametes

Zygote

Front 3

Define Meiosis?

Define Mitosis?

Back 3

Meiosis- process by which germ cells are produced
-cell has 1/2 the chromosome # (23)

Mitosis- division of somatic cells
-cells will be identical to parent cell (46)

Front 4

Before Mitotic Division is done the amount of DNA is doubled leading to ___ times the amount that should be is the cell

Back 4

4X- Tetraploidy

Front 5

Name some of the defects that can be see in someone that has triosomy 13 (Down's Syndrome)

Back 5

Facial Clefts
Shortened Palate
Protruding Fissured Tongue
Delayed Eruption of the Teeth

Front 6

Can Trisomy and Monosomy occure in Sex Chromosomes?

Back 6

YES

Front 7

Name 3 Autosomal Dominant Conditions?
-Only one parent needs to have the disorder in order for it to manifest,...it will be shown in EVERY Generation and 1/2 of the children

Back 7

Achrondoplasia
Cleidocranial Dysostosis
Osteogenesis Imperfecta

*Amelogenesis Imperfecta (in some cases)

Front 8

Name 1 Autosomal Recessive Inheritance
-Can only express itself when both parents have gene

Back 8

Chondroectodermal Dyslpasia
*Microcephaly
*Cystic Fybrosis

Front 9

Teratolygy

Back 9

Study of Genetic Defects

Front 10

What are the 2 stages of Prenatal development?

Back 10

Embryonic Stage
Fetal Stage

Front 11

Can Trisomy and Monosomy occure in Sex Chromosomes?

Back 11

YES

Front 12

Name 3 Autosomal Dominant Conditions?
-Only one parent needs to have the disorder in order for it to manifest,...it will be shown in EVERY Generation and 1/2 of the children

Back 12

Achrondoplasia
Cleidocranial Dysostosis
Osteogenesis Imperfecta

*Amelogenesis Imperfecta (in some cases)

Front 13

Name 1 Autosomal Recessive Inheritance
-Can only express itself when both parents have gene

Back 13

Chondroectodermal Dyslpasia
*Microcephaly
*Cystic Fybrosis

Front 14

Teratolygy

Back 14

Study of Genetic Defects

Front 15

What are the 2 stages of Prenatal development?

Back 15

Embryonic Stage
Fetal Stage

Front 16

Prenatal Development consist of 2 stages, NAME THEM?

Name all substages

Back 16

Embryonic
-Cellular Proliferation// Migration
- Morphogenesis (Differentiation of all internal and external organs

Fetal Stage

Front 17

How long is the embryonic stage?

How long is the fetal stage

Back 17

Embryonic Stage= 8 weeks
-CP and Migration (0-4)
-M/D (4-8)

Fetal Stage= 5 weeks- birth
-Growth and Maturation of fetus

Front 18

Most tissues develop between interaction between ___ and ___?

Back 18

Epithelium and Mesenchyme

Front 19

Name the 3 tissue interactions that must occur in order for development to occur?

Back 19

Induction: initiates differentiation

Competence: cell must be able to respond

Differentiation

Front 20

Formation of a 3 layered embryo begins after fertilization undergoes a series of divisions leading to the formation of a ball of cells known as the _____.

Back 20

Morula

Front 21

After Cavitation the morula is called ____.

Back 21

Blastocyte
-a blastocyte is formed when fluid seeps into the morula

Front 22

What are the two cell populations of the blastocyte.

Back 22

Trophoblast-Line the cavity
-form primary yolk sac

Embryoblast- small cluster of cells w/in the blastocyte

Front 23

Embryoblast cells form the ____ and the Trophoblast cells form _____.

Back 23

Embryoblast >>Embryo Proper

Trophoblast>> (Assoc. w/ implantation of the embryo) Placenta

Front 24

What happens at Day 8 of Gestation (Period of development)

Back 24

Cells of Embryoblast Differentiate into a 2 layer disk called the Bilaminar Germ Disk

Front 25

The differentiated Embryoblast Cells become what dorsally and what ventrally.

Back 25

Dorsally- Ectodermal cells that are columnar and will reorganize to form AMNIOTIC CAVITY

Ventrally- Endodermal Cells are Cuboidal and will form a 2ndary Cavity (2ndary Yolk Sac)

Front 26

At what stage is the axis of the embryo determined?

Back 26

During the time that the inner cell mass (embryoblast) is differentiating into ectodermal and endodermal layers

Front 27

How long does it take for the differentiation of the inner cellualar mass to take place?

Back 27

2 weeks

Front 28

On the Dorsal side of the embryo where the ectoderm is forming what 2 structures can be seen at the midline?

Back 28

Prochordal Plate: Future head of embryo

Primitive Streak: midline structure formed by ectoderm

Front 29

What is the last event that happens during the Embryonic Phase I

Back 29

Mesoderm forms from the invagination of the ECTODERM and spreading LATERALLY between endo and ectoderm

Front 30

What happens during the 3rd week of development

Back 30

Development of the Trilaminar Disk
- Mesoderm formation

Front 31

How and Where does the Notochord form?

Back 31

Ectodermal Cells at the Primitive Node (rostral part of primitive streak) divide and migrate between the endoderm and the ectoderm >>> solid column is formed at the midline >>> column pushes as foward toward prochondral plate (will be head of embryo)

Front 32

Ectodermal cells that will form the mesoderm migrate laterally and forward around what structures

Back 32

Notochord and Prochondral Plate

Front 33

What two structures seperate the Endoderm from the Ectoderm after the migration of cells

What is the exception?

Back 33

Notochord and Mesoderm

The exception is the at the tail end of the embryo (cecal plate)

Front 34

When the cells migrate are anterior to the Prochodral Plate they will form what structure?

Back 34

Cardiac Plate>> form heart

Front 35

What happens during the 3rd week of development

Back 35

Development of the Trilaminar Disk
- Mesoderm formation

Front 36

How and Where does the Notochord form?

Back 36

Ectodermal Cells at the Primitive Node (rostral part of primitive streak) divide and migrate between the endoderm and the ectoderm >>> solid column is formed at the midline >>> column pushes as foward toward prochondral plate (will be head of embryo)

Front 37

Ectodermal cells that will form the mesoderm migrate laterally and forward around what structures

Back 37

Notochord and Prochondral Plate

Front 38

What two structures seperate the Endoderm from the Ectoderm after the migration of cells

What is the exception?

Back 38

Notochord and Mesoderm

The exception is the at the tail end of the embryo (cecal plate)

Front 39

When the cells migrate are anterior to the Prochodral Plate they will form what structure?

Back 39

Cardiac Plate>> form heart

Front 40

Embryonic Stage II involves ___ and ___.

Back 40

Differentiation and Morphogenesis

Front 41

Major tissues and organs will differentiate from ____.

Back 41

Trilaminar Disk

Front 42

Why is phase II important to dentist?

Back 42

B/c it is during this stage that the Head, Face and Teeth Develop

Front 43

During Embryonic Phase II there is differentiation of the ___ and ___ from ectoderm and differentiation of ____.

Back 43

Nervous System and Neural Crest Cells from Ectoderm

Differentiation of the Mesoderm

Front 44

The hallmark of phase II of the embryonic stage of fetal development is what?

Back 44

Folding of the embryo into 2 axes (rostrocaudal//lateral)

Front 45

What is the first event that happens in Nervous System Development?

Back 45

Thickening of the Ectoderm at the rostral end to form the Neural Plate

Front 46

The neural plate will rapidly form raised margins calle ___.

Back 46

Neural Folds

Front 47

This structure is created as a result of the neural folds continuing to rise.

Back 47

Neural Groove

Front 48

When the Neural Folds fuse together they will form what structure?

Back 48

Neural Tube

Front 49

The Neural Tube will expand and become what 3 structures?

Back 49

Forebrain, Midbrain, Hindbrain

Front 50

While the Nervous System is developing the ___ is differentiating.

Back 50

Mesoderm

Front 51

The Mesoderm thickens on each side of the ____ to form the _____.

Back 51

Midline; Paraxial Mesoderm

Front 52

The Paraxial Mesoderm in the trunk breaks into segmented blocks called ____.

Back 52

Somites

Front 53

Can you name the 3 components of a somite?

Back 53

Sclerotome: 2 adjacent vertebrae and disks

Myotome: Segmented mass of muscle

Dermatome: Ct of the skin over the somite

Front 54

In the head the paraxial mesoderm partially or fully segments to form ____.

Back 54

Partially segments to form Somatomeres
-Some of the Head Musculature

Front 55

Paraxial Mesoderm of the ____ remains thin and is AKA Intermediate Mesoderm. It will become the Urogenital System

Back 55

Periphery

Front 56

What is the Urogenital System

Back 56

Urinary and Genital Structures
-Kidney, Bladder, Ovaries, Vagina, Penis etc...

Front 57

The Lateral Paraxial Mesoderm will form into 8 different structures name 2 systems and 2 organs that orginate from this layer

Back 57

Cardiovasular and Lymphatic System

Adrenal Cortex

Spleen

Front 58

The other 5 structures that orginate from the the lateral paraxial mesoderm are

-___ associated w/ Muscles and Visera

-Serous Membrane of ____.

-Peri____ and Per_____

-_____ and _____ cells

Back 58

CT associated w/ Muscles and Visera

Serous Membrane of Pleura

Pericardium and Peritoneum

Blood and Lymphatic Cells

Front 59

Folding of the Embryo occurs in what two dimensions?

Back 59

Rostrocaudally and Laterally

Front 60

Head fold in crucial for the development of the _____.
-This is the Rostrocaudal Fold

Back 60

Primitive Stomatodeum
(future oral cavity)

Front 61

This layer lines the oral cavity?

Back 61

Ectoderm

Front 62

Stomatodeum seperates from gut via the _____.

Back 62

Buccopharyngeal Membrane

Front 63

The purpose of the lateral fold is what?

Back 63

Mesoderm is deposited and Endoderm will form gut

Front 64

Where do the Neural Crest cells come from?

Back 64

As the neural tube is forming a group of cells decide to do there "own thing" and seperate from the Neuroectoderm

Front 65

What do Neural Crest cells do after they differentiate from Neuroectoderm?

Back 65

Migrate and Differentiate extensively in the developing embryo

Front 66

What do the Neural Crest cells become when they differentiate?

Back 66

Spinal and Sensory Ganglia
Schwann and Pigment Cells
Meninges
Sympathetic Neurons
CT of Head

Front 67

What is the CT of the head called?

Back 67

Ectomesenchyme

Front 68

What is the CT everywhere else in the body except the head called?

Back 68

Mesenchyme-b/c it comes from Mesoderm

Front 69

What does Cephalogenesis mean

Back 69

Formation of the head

Front 70

Formation of the Primitive Mouth
-Structures that surround the stomadeum in the beginning
--Rostrally?
--Caudally?
--Laterally?

Back 70

Rostrally- Neural Plate

Caudally-Cardiac Plate

Laterally- Brachial Arches

Front 71

Buccopharyngeal Membrane seperates the ____ from the ___.

-Will this connection always exist

Back 71

Stomatodeum from the Foregut

-No this connection will not always exsist b/c it will break down later

Front 72

The Brachial Arches form the ____ b/c of the proliferating ____.

Back 72

Pharyngeal Wall b/c of the proliferating lateral plate mesoderm

Front 73

How many brachial arches will form/

Back 73

6

Front 74

Do all 6 brachial arches appear in humans?

Back 74

No
-The 5th and 6th are transient structures, meaning they appear briefly and then disappear

Front 75

The Brachial Arches are seperated externally by ____ and internally by ______.

Back 75

Brachial Grooves;Pharyngeal Pouches

Front 76

What is the function of the Brachial Arches

Back 76

To seperate the stomatodeum from the developing heart

Front 77

Are all 3 layers present in the Brachial arches?

Back 77

Yes
-Outer: Ectoderm
-Inner: Endoderm
-Core: Mesoderm

Front 78

When the Neural Crest Mesenchyme (CT)and some other mesenchyme condenses a bar of cartilage is formed and differentiates. This bar is known as ____.

Back 78

Arch Cartilage

Front 79

How many arch cartilages exsists? What are there names, associated muscles and nerves?

Back 79

Two
-1st Arch Cartilage-Meckel's Cartilage: (Striated) Muscles of Mastication and Trigeminal Nerve

2nd Arch Cartilage-Reichert's Cartilage: (Straited) Muscles of Facial Expression and the Facial Nerve

Front 80

Give the Innervation of the Brachial Arches (1-3)

Back 80

1st- Trigeminal
2nd- Facial
3rd- Glossalpharyngeal

Front 81

The 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Brachial Arches contribute to what?

Back 81

Face, Mouth, and Tongue Development

Front 82

What are facial processes

Back 82

swellings of mesenchyme that fuse to form the face

Front 83

T or F: Elimination of a furrow will form the face.

Back 83

True

Front 84

Where in the head does the fusion of a process still produce a furrow?

Back 84

Palate

Front 85

With morphogenesis of the face, what are the new limits of the Stomatodeum?

Back 85

Frontal, Maxillary, Mandibular Processes

Front 86

Proliferation and Migration of the Ectomesencyme form the _____.

Back 86

Primitive Nasal Cavities

Front 87

Thickenings in Ectoderm of Frontal Promience are called _____.

Back 87

Olfactory Placodes

Front 88

With Rapid proliferation of underlying mesenchyme around placodes 3 structures form. Name them?

Back 88

Lateral Nasal Process
Nasal Pit
Medial Nasal Process

Front 89

The area where the lateral and medial nasal processes develop, along with the nasal pit is called _____.

Back 89

Frontonasal Process Region

Front 90

The Lateral Nasal Process and the Maxillary Process will form this IMPORTANT structure?

Back 90

Nasolacrimal Duct
-CRY!!!

Front 91

The Medial Nasal Process and the Frontonasal Process will fuse to form what 3 structures?

Back 91

Middle portion of Nose and Upper Lip

Ant. Portion of Maxilla

Primary Palate

Front 92

How is the Upper Lip formed?

Back 92

The Medial Maxillary Process pushes on the Medial Nasal Process towards the midline superiorly

Front 93

How is the Lower Lip formed?

Back 93

Ectomesenchyme of the Mandibular Process pushes towards the midline inferiorly

Front 94

When does the formation of the primary epithelial band occur?

Back 94

24-38 days of gestation

Front 95

Is there a Secondary Palate in all species?

Back 95

NO

Front 96

What is the purpose of the secondary palate?
-the primary palate can not do this!

Back 96

Seperate Oral Cavity from Nasal Cavity

Front 97

Initially in development the oral and nasal cavities are bounded anteriorly by the ____ and occupied by the ___.

Back 97

Primary Palate; Tongue

Front 98

When does the formation of the secondary palate begin,...end?

Back 98

7-8 Week of development; 3 monthes (about 12 weeks)

Front 99

In the development of the secondary palate 3 outgrowths occur in the oral cavity. Name them?

Back 99

Nasal Septum
Palatine Shelves

Front 100

The Nasal Septum grows downward from the ______ along the midline. While the Palatine Shelves grow from the _____ along the midline

Back 100

Frontonasal Process; Maxillary Process

Front 101

What is the movt of the palatine shelves when they begin to take there position.

Back 101

Project Downward on each side of the Midline

Tongue w/draws from between shelves

Shelves ELEVATE and FUSE above the tongue and with Nasal Septum

Front 102

When the Nasal Septum and Palatine Shelves fuse along the midline this does what?

Back 102

Seperates the Oral and Nasal Cavities

Front 103

This event must occur in order for the palatine shelves to merge properly

Back 103

Elimination of Epithelial Covering (seam)
-DNA Syntheses ceases 24-48 hours before adhesion

Front 104

What is cleft palate? What are its types?

Back 104

When the palatine shelves dont fuse
-Syndromic: like in Triosomy 13
-Non-Syndromic: Isolated Event

Front 105

When is the Epithelial Seam eliminated?

Back 105

When epithelium transforms into mesenchyme

Front 106

Cleft palate occurs _____ b/c fusion occurs ____.
*Normally

Back 106

Laterally; Laterally

Front 107

Molar and Premolar come from the ____ everything else comes from the ____.

Back 107

Maxilla; Mandible

Front 108

T or F:An appliance can be placed between palatine shelves to create more room for teeth to align correctly.

-If true up to what age?

Back 108

True; Up to age 17

Front 109

T or F: It doesnt matter at what time or age an implant is done?

Back 109

False; Bone development must be fully completed or the implant will move

Front 110

Formation of the Tongue begins with the ____ meeting at the midlin under the primitive mouth

Back 110

Pharyngeal Arches

Front 111

Proliferation of the Mesenchyme creates swellings in the mouth called what?

These swellings occur at the midline in the _____.

Back 111

Tuberculum Impar

Midline of Mandibular Process

Front 112

Tuberculum Impar is connected to 2 bulges called what?

Back 112

Lingual Swellings

Front 113

Lingual Swelling enlarge and fuse w/ Tuberculum Impar to form what?

Back 113

Anterior 2/3 of Tongue

Front 114

What arch is the anterior 2/3 of the tongue derived from?
-Innervation?

Back 114

Arch I
-innervated by the trigeminal nerve

Front 115

Root of the tongue arises from the ____.

Back 115

Hypobrachial Eminence (anterior copula)

Front 116

What arch is the root of the tongue (posterior 1/3) derived from?
-Innervation?

Back 116

Arch III
-Glossalpharyngeal

Front 117

Is the 2nd arch involved in tongue development?

Back 117

No- b/c IIIrd arch overgrows IInd and IIIrd and Ist fuse

Front 118

The hypobrachial eminence is divided into 2 divisions.
-Name them and what they give rise to?

Back 118

Anterior Copula- posterior 1/3 of tongue

Hypobrachial Eminence- Epiglottis

Front 119

Muscles of the Tongue come from where?

What is the motor innervation of the tongue

Back 119

Occipital Somites
Hypoglossal

Front 120

What are the 3 components of the skull?

Which of the answers develops via endochondrial ossification

Back 120

Cranial Vault
Cranial Base
-Endochondrial Ossification
Face

Front 121

Membranous Ossification means?

Back 121

Bone formed directly from mesencyme w/ NO cartilage precursor
-Cranial Vault and Face

Front 122

Which of the 3 components of the face is the last to form

Back 122

1st- Vault
2nd-Face
3rd-Base

Front 123

What Brachial Arch does the Mandible and Maxilla develop from?

Back 123

1st Brachial Arch

Front 124

Mandible forms w/in the ____ and Maxilla forms w/ in the ____.

Back 124

Mandibular Process

Maxillary Process

Front 125

In Primitive Vertebraes ____ of the 1st Brachial Arch forms the _____.

Back 125

Meckle's Cartilage; Lower Jaw

Front 126

T or F: In Humans Meckle's Cartilage contributes to the development of the Mandible.

Back 126

False- there is only a close postional relationship, MC doesnt contribute to the development of the lower jaw AT ALL!

Front 127

Meckle's Cartilage is what type of Cartilage

Back 127

Hyaline

Front 128

Mandibular Branch of the Trigeminal Nerve innervates Meckle's Cartilage at the beginning 2/3. It then divides into ____ medially and _____ laterally in relation to the cartilage.

Back 128

Medially- Lingual Nerve

Laterally- Inferior Alveolar Nerve

Front 129

The Inferior Alveolar Nerve will divide into ___ and ___.

Back 129

Incisor and Mental Nerves

Front 130

The ____ aspect of Meckel's Cartilage condenses (mesenchyme) where?

Wk:6

Back 130

Lateral; Angle where the inferior alveolar nerve separates into Incisor and Mental Nerves

Front 131

Wk: 7

Intermembranous Ossification results in what

Back 131

First bone of the Mandible to develop- BODY!!!

Front 132

After Ossification; Meckel's Cartilage regresses except where?

What does this structure develop into?

Back 132

Posterior Part
-Malleus of Middle Ear

-Sphenomandibular Ligament

Front 133

Name the 3 Secondary Cartilages that give rise to the rest of the mandible

Back 133

Condylar
Coronoid
Symphyseal

- Give rise to the Ramus and Symphysis of Mandible

Front 134

What is the TRUE purpose of Meckle's Cartilage besides Malleus of Middle Ear and SML

Back 134

Forms Canal of Mandibular Nerve

Front 135

The Maxilla is formed from the ____ and ____.

Back 135

Premaxilla (frontonasal processes)
Zygomatic Processes

Front 136

Congenital Defects will lead to these 2 things?

Back 136

Cleft Palate and Syndromes of the Head and Neck

Front 137

What role do Neural Crest Cells play in the development of tooth structure?

Back 137

NC cell migrate onto facial structure and participate in development by communicating with the epithelium

Front 138

T or F: Closure of the palatine shelves and tooth development occur at different times?

Back 138

False
-Occur at the same time

Front 139

Define Ectomesenchyme

Back 139

CT that NC cells have migrated into

Front 140

Tooth development is a result of interaction between ___ and ____.

Back 140

Epithelium and Mesenchyme

Front 141

What time does the primary epithelial band occur?

Back 141

24-38 days of Gestation

Front 142

What is the significance of the primary epithelial band?

Back 142

It will thicken and develop into the future dental arches (upper and lower)

Front 143

Due to a change in Mitotic Spindle the cleavage plane of the cells of the primary epithelial band change. This allows the epithelial band to develop into two things. Name them

Back 143

Vestibular Lamina
-future vestibule between cheek and tooth bearing area
Dental Lamina
-future site of teeth

Front 144

T or F: The Dental Lamina develops behind the Vestibule Lamina.

Back 144

True

Front 145

It is within the ____ that the 3 stages of tooth development take place.

Back 145

Dental Lamina
-Bud
-Cap
-Bell

Front 146

Initiation of tooth development comes from ____ and ___.

Back 146

1st Arch Epithelium + NC cells = Tooth Development

Front 147

Bone can develop from what?

Back 147

Any epithelium and NC cells

Front 148

Odontogenesis is initiated by factors in the ____ that will influence the _____. But as time passes the ____ will influence odontogenesis.

Back 148

First Arch Epithelium;
Ectomesenchyme;
Ectomesenchyme

Front 149

Bud Stage
-Name the 5 steps

Back 149

Series of Epithelial-Mesenchyme interactions

Mesenchymal Cells surround tooth bud, condense and proliferate

Epithelium becomes competent to the signals from ectomesenchyme

Epithelium Proliferates

Epithelial Bud Forms

Front 150

In the transition from Bud to Cap Stage there are morphogenic changes that occur that will give rise to what?

Back 150

Different Teeth

Front 151

The BM is made up of type ___ collagen and ___.

Back 151

Type IV and Laminin

Front 152

If there is a defect in the dental lamina then what will happen?

Back 152

There will be and absence of a tooth

Front 153

___ seperates CT from Epithelium.

Back 153

Basement Membrane

Front 154

NC cells in the Dental Follicle will make what 3 structures of the tooth

Back 154

Cementum
PDL
Alveolar Bone

Front 155

Dentin is of ___ orgin while Enamel is of ___ orgin.

Back 155

Dentin: CT

Enamel: Epithelial

Front 156

Cap Stage
-It is at this stage that dentin and enamel ___ begin expression

Back 156

Genes

Front 157

Cap Stage
-Epithelium cont to proliferate into ectomesenchyme

-Cell density of ectomesenchyme increases. This is called ___.

-When the tooth bud begins to look like a cap sitting on a ball of ectomesenchymal cells 2 structures are distinguishable.
-What is the Cap
-What is the ball of cells

Back 157

Condensation

-Cap:Dental Organ= Enamel
-Ball of Cells: Dental Papilla= Dentin and Pulp

Front 158

The Dental Follicke limits the ___ and encapsulates___. It is the future of ____.

Back 158

Limits:Dental Papilla
Encapsulates:Dental Organ

Future of Periodontal Tissues

Front 159

Enamel Knots form what?
___ has a role in cusp pattern formation

Back 159

Cusps
-FGF-4

Front 160

Bell Stage is AKA what?

Back 160

Histodifferentiation- Ameoloblast and Odontoblast aquire phenotype

Morphogenesis-crowns take shape

Front 161

Bell Stage

-Enamel Organ cells become ___ and form the ____.

Cells next to the dental papilla become ___ and form the _____.
-This layer has a high ___ content and is associated w/ the formation of ____.

Back 161

Cuboidal; Outer Enamel Epithelium

Columnar; Inner Enamel Epithelium; Glycogen; Enamel

Front 162

Bell Stage cont:

Cervical Loop is what?
-Future?
-If problems occur?

Back 162

Region where IEE an OEE meet at the rim of the dental organ
-Future Sulcus
-Periodontal Problems result

Front 163

Bell Stage cont:

-The Stellate Reticulum is between the ___ and ___ and does what? This layer has high ___ content to pull water into organ.

Back 163

OEE and IEE
-provides Ca and phosphorus to enamel
-GAG

Front 164

Stratum Intermedium is where?
-High ____ activity

Back 164

between the IEE and SR
-Alkaline Phosphatase Activity

Front 165

These twol layers work together to form enamel?

Back 165

IEE and SI

Front 166

Bell Stage is determined when what two things happen?

Back 166

Dental Lamina Breaks Down

Crown Patterning Determination

Front 167

State the Vascularization and Innervation of
-Dentin
-Enamel
-Pulp

Back 167

Enamel
-Not V or I

Dentin
-Not V, but is I

Pulp
-V and I

Front 168

Crown Stage
-What marks the begininng of the crown stage?

Back 168

Formation of Dentin

Front 169

When does dentin formation start?

-Where?

Back 169

At the end of the BEll Stage

-IEE and areas of cuspal development

Front 170

What is the role of the IEE in dentinogenesis?

Back 170

organizing activity (inductive signal) from BM to the cells of the mesenchyme

Front 171

Process of Amelogenesis
-When
-Where

Back 171

Crown Stage
At tip of cusp

Front 172

Whatis the Nutritive supply during amelogenesis?

Back 172

SI, SR and collaps of Enamel organ

Front 173

Secretion of Matrix in Dentinogenesis is ____ and in Amelogenesis is ____ and ____.

Back 173

Collagen Type I

Amelgenin and Enamelins