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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pinguecula (5) |
Yellow-white N>T Can calcify Deposits in stroma Can de-epithelialize |
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Pingueculitis (2) |
+NaFl stain (epi disruption) Sectoral hyperemia |
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Pingueculitis Tx (4) |
Copious lubrication Pulse mild steroid Laser ablation Surgical removal |
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Pterygium (3) |
Crosses limbus Triangular Vessels swoop |
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What is the name of the iron deposition on a pterigium? |
Stocker's line |
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What are 3 complications associated with a pterygium? |
CL wear Vision (if large) Dellen |
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Dellen (4) |
Thinning of cornea At stroma, epi intact Secondary to dryness Raised area adjacent |
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Dellen Tx (2) |
Copious lubrication BCL |
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2 things to beware of with a dellen |
Neo Scarring |
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Concretions (3) |
Aging Chronic inflammation (allergy, staph marginal) Calcific |
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Conjunctival cyst (4) |
Thin walled Conjunctival epithelium Clear fluid Usually asymptomatic |
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Conjunctival cyst Tx (2) |
Topical anesthetic Puncture |
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Benign Melanosis (5) |
Common in darkly pigmented patients Protective Usually bilateral Can increase with age Rarely progresses to melanoma |
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Nevus of Ota: must have both _______ and ______ |
Ocular melanosis Lid involvement |
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Conjunctival nevus (4) |
Can be flat or raised Usually unilateral Monitor for changes in shape or size Malignant potential is rare |
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Conjunctival melanoma (6) |
Older pt (60-70yo) Typically at limbus High vascularity, feeder vessels Rare to be de novo Can form from nevus Recurrence common |
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Conjunctival melanoma Tx (2) |
Excision Cryotherapy |
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Pyogenic granuloma (3) |
Result of insult Fibrovascular Often lobulated, smaller stock |
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What are 4 likely causes of insult that cause a pyogenic granuloma? |
Trauma Surgery Chalazion FB |
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Pyogenic granuloma Tx (2) |
Topical steroid Surgical excision |
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Squamous papilloma (4) |
Common Benign Usually pedunculated Usually in skin folds |
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Squamous papilloma Tx (3) |
Surgical excision Cryotherapy Chemical cautery |
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Seborrheic keratoses (5) |
Benign Associated with age Sun-exposed skin Often in groups "stuck on" appearance |
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Seborrheic keratoses Tx (3) |
Surgical excision Cryotherapy Chemical cautery |
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Actinic keratoses (3) |
UV related Multiple, discrete, slightly elevated scaly reddish brown lesions May be a precursor to squamous cell carcinoma |
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Actinic keratoses Tx (2) |
Excision Cryotherapy |
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Basal cell carcinoma (6) |
Elderly, fair skinned
UV exposure Rarely metastatic Pearly borders Umbilicated May have telangiectatic vessels |
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What is the most common malignant skin tumor? |
Basal cell carcinoma |
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Squamous cell carcinoma (5) |
Less common, but more aggressive than basal cell 20% metasthasis Scab that won't heal May be crusted, bloody |
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10 risk factors for melanoma |
Changing nevus Age Irregular margins Diameter >6mm Color change Multiple colors FHx PHx H/O sun exposure Fair complexion |
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What are 4 concerning signs with a lid lesion? |
Disturbed lid architecture Missing lashes Bleeding Feeder vessels |
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In what type of patient would you expect to see a capillary hemangioma
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Boys, by 6 months |
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What are 2 potential problems that can arise with a capillary hemangioma |
If pressure on the upper lid --> RE If ptosis --> occlusion amblyopia |
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Nevus flammeus (4) |
Congenital Skin capillary malformation Usually on face, unilateral Darkens with age |
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How can you tell a nevus flammeus from capillary hemangioma? |
Nevus flammeus will not pressure blanch, but capillary hemangioma will. |
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What is Sturge-Weber syndrome? |
Port wine stain with leptomeningeal hemangioma (blood vessel growth on brain surface) Can cause seizures, developmental delays |
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What are 3 ocular findings associated with Sturge-Weber syndrome? |
Ipsilateral glaucoma Iris heterochromia Diffuse choroidal hemangioma |
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Cherry hemangioma (5) |
Cherry red macule or papule Benign Present in 30s-40s Growth over time Can appear anywhere on skin |
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What are 4 types of cysts? |
Sebaceous Epidermal inclusion Zeis Moll |
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What is a comedone? |
Blackhead Oxidized keratin and sebum |
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What is a milium? (4) |
Pilosebaceous occlusion Keratin Comes in crops Most common in newborns |
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Xanthelasma (3) |
Bilateral Middle age-elderly Intracellular accumulation of lipid |
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Xanthelasma Tx (2) |
Excision Chemical peel |
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What are 5 conditions in which madarosis would be found? |
Chronic bleph Burn Lid tumor Alopecia Trichotillomania |
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What are 3 potential causes of trichiasis? |
Inflammation -Chronic bleph -HZ Trauma -s/p chalazion removal |
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Congenital distichiasis (4) |
Rare AD Second row of lashes Often point posterior |
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Acquired distichiasis (3) |
Lashes grow from MG Conj inflammation May be non-pigmented lashes |
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Epiblepharon |
Extra horizontal fold Common in Asians |
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Cause of involutional Entropion |
Age related, lid laxity |
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5 causes of cicatricial entropion |
Trachoma Chemical burn Thermal burn Autoimmune (cicatricial pemphigoid) Inflammatory (Stevens-Johnson) |
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3 symptoms of involutional and cicatricial entropion |
Epiphora Dry eyes FB sensation |
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6 symptoms of thyroid eye disease |
Weight loss with good appetite Sweating Heat intolerance Nervousness Irritability Weakness, fatigue |
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5 signs of thyroid eye disease |
Unilateral or bilateral Increased secretion of GAG --> EOM swelling Scleral show Lid lag from up to down gaze Proptosis |
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What are 5 tests you want to perform for a thyroid eye disease workup? |
TSH levels Exophthalmometrhy EOMs IOP (increases) ONH compression |
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Bell's Palsy is a temporary palsy of the _______ |
CN VII |
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What are 2 things you want to rule out with Bell's Palsy? |
Stroke Myasthenia gravis |
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In what types of patients would you expect floppy eyelid syndrome? (3) |
Obese men Sleep apnea Kerataconic |
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What are 4 s/sx associated with floppy eyelid syndrome? |
Easy to evert lid Papillary conjunctivitis Chronic eye irritation Ropy discharge AM |
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What are 4 findings you might see with exposure keratopathy? |
SPK Epithelial breakdown Stromal melt Vascular ingrowth |
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Exposure keratopathy Tx (5) |
Copious lubricants Lid taping for sleep CL wear Tarsorrhaphy (stitch lid shut) Gold weight |
