Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is a partial agonist Opoid?
|
Buprenorphine
|
|
|
Out of the choices below what is a ag.-antag.?
Buprenorphine Butorphanol Codeine Morphine |
Butorphanol
|
|
|
What are some Opoid antag.?
|
naloxone and naltrexone
|
|
|
What is the MOA for Opoids?
|
Opioids interact stereospecifically with receptors on the membrane of cells
|
|
|
Where do Opoids react with receptors on the membrane of cells?
|
CNS, peripheral sensory nerve terminals and GIT
|
|
|
What are the four Opoid receptors(that we've learned:0))
|
µ (mu) receptor
ҝ (kappa) receptor δ (delta) receptor -NOP (Nociceptin or orphanin FQ) receptor (It is newly discovered receptor with future potential) |
|
|
Activation of opoid receptors ____ cAMP, ______ postsynaptic K+ efflux (hyperpolarization) and ______ presynaptic Ca2+ influx
|
decrease, increase, reduce
|
|
|
What does activation of opoid receptor lead to?
|
blocks neuronal firing and transmitter release
|
|
|
What are some endogenous opoids?
|
endorphin, enkapalin, dynorphin and nociceptin or orphanin FQ
|
|
|
What is the target receptor for endorphins?
|
Mu receptor
|
|
|
Leucine- and methionin- enkephalin have a high affinity for what receptor?
|
delta receptor
|
|
|
Dynorphin has a high affinity for what receptor?
|
kappa receptor
|
|
|
What is the definition of Analgesia?
|
relief of pain without loss of consciousness
-Raising pain threshold at the spinal cord level -Alter the brain’s perception of pain |
|
|
Why is there respiratory depression with admin of Opoids?
|
Caused by reduction of sensitivity of respiratory center neurons to CO2. It is well tolerated in healthy animals.
|
|
|
In what kind of patient is resp. depression an issue?
|
In patients with Bronchitis and asthma
|
|
|
How do opoids cause Emesis and nausea?
|
via stimulation of CRTZ and D2 receptors in vomiting center
|
|
|
Opoids ____ GIT motility
|
decrease
|
|
|
What drug leads to a large defecation in dogs followed by constipation?
|
Morphine
|
|
|
Admin. of Opoids leads to ____ in GIT motility, _____ in the tone of spincters, ____ in the reabsorp. of water
|
decrease, increase, increase
|
|
|
Morphine causes ____-tension in dogs and ____-tension in cats
|
Hypo-. Hyper-
|
|
|
Opoids ___ the tone of spincter muscles and ____ urine production
|
increase, decrease
|
|
|
How do Opoids produce CNS excitement?
|
Due release of excitatory transmitters such as epinephrine, dopamine and acetylcholine in the CNS
-Inhibition of gamma aminobutyric acid(GABA) |
|
|
In what species does the admin. of opoids cause panting?
|
Dogs
|
