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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The selection of the inputs, operations, work flows, and methods that transform inputs into outputs.
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process management
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An inter-connected set of linkages among suppliers of materials and serivces that spans the transformation processes that convert ideas and raw materials into finished goods and services.
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supply chain
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A process decision that determines whether resources are organized around products or processes.
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process choice
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A process characterized by a high degree of job customization, the large scope of each project, and the release of substantial resources once a project is completed.
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project process
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A process with the flexibility needed to produce a variety of products or services in significant qualities.
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job process
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The linear movement of materials, information, or customers from one operation to the next according to a fixed sequence.
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line flow
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A process that differs from the job process with respect to volume, variety, and quality.
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batch process
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A process that lies between the batch and continuous processes on the continuum, volumes are high, and products or services are standardized, which allows resources to be organized around a product or service.
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line process
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The extreme end of high-volume, standardized production with rigid line flows.
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continuous process
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The degree to which a firm's own production system or service facility handles the entire supply chain.
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verticle integration
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Allotting payment to suppliers and distrutors to provide needed services and materials and to perform those processes that the organization does not perform itself.
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outsourcing
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Decisions that either involve more intergration or more outsourcing.
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make-or-buy decisions
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A firm's movement upstream toward the sources of raw materials and parts.
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backward integration
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A firm's movement downstream by acquiring more channels of distribution, such as its own distribution centers and retail sources.
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forward integration
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A situation in which competitors enter into short-term partnerships to respond to market opportunities.
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virtual corporation
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Companies that contract with other firms for most of their production and for many of their other functions.
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network companies
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The ease with which employees and equipment can handle a wide variety of products, output levels, duties, and functions.
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resource flexibility
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A workforce whose members are capable of doing many tasks, either at their own workstations, or as they move from one workstation to another.
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flexible workforce
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The ways in which customers become part of the process and the extent of their participation.
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customer involvement
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The mix of equipment and human skill in a process.
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capital intensity
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A system, process, or piece of equipment that is self-acting and self-regulating.
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automation
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A manufacturing process that produces one type of part or product in a fixed sequence of simple operations.
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fixed automation
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A manufacturing process that can be changed easily to handle various products.
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flexible (or programmable) automation
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Economies that reflect the ability to produce multiple products more cheaply in combination than separtely.
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economies of scope
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The result of a firm's splitting large plants that produced all the company's products into several specialized smaller plants.
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focused factories
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Different operations within a facility with individual competitive priorities, processes, and workforces under the same roof.
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plants within plants (PWPs)
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A group of two or more dissimilar workstations located close to each other that process a limited number of parts or models with similar process requirements.
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cell
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A diagram that traces the flow of information, customers, employees, equipment, or materials through a process.
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flow diagram
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An organized way of recording all the activities performed by a person, by a machine, at a workstation, with a customer, or on materials.
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process chart
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The act of reproducing the behavior of a process using a model that describes each step of the process.
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simulation
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The fundamental rethinking and radical redesign of processes to improve performance dramatically in terms of cost, quality, service, and speed.
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reengineering
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The systematic study of the activities and flows of each process to improve it.
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process improvement
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