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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Computer System Components |
Application programs: inventory, air line reservation System programs: Compilers, Operating systems, Assemblers Hardware: CPU, memory, I/O devices |
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Operating System |
Controls the operation of the CPU, Memory, and I/O devices, allocating the each resource for the tasks at hand |
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Kernal |
The OS core responsible for handling disk input output operation and managing internal memory |
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Examples of OS's |
UNIX, LINUX, VMS, MVS, SVS, CP/M, TOPS-10, TOPS-20, ATLAS, GEORGE, THE |
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OS layers |
0 : Hardware 1: CPU scheduling 2: Memory management 3: Operator console device driver 4: buffering for I/O devices 5: User programs |
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Common OS provided Services |
A: Control I/O operation: clear screen, rewind tape B: Program Execution: Load program into memory and run it C: File system manipulation D: Error Detection E: Resource Allocation F: Accounting: tracking CPU time G: Protection: |
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Fathers of OS |
Howard Allen @ Harvard John Van Newman @ Princeton |
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Batch System |
(1955-1965) Execute programs serially with no direct interaction between the user and the program. Steps: Collect, Read/Record, Execute, Print results |
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Multiprogramming |
Several programs are kept in memory at one time; the CPU is switched back and forth among them |
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Time Sharing System |
allows multiple users to use a computer system interactively at the same time |
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Multitasking |
execution of more than one program at a time |
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Buffering |
overlapping the input/output with its own computations. Jobs are run First-Come-First-Served |
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Spooling (Simultaneous Peripheral Operation On Line) |
overlaps the I/O of one job with computation and output of other jobs |
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Multiprocessor System |
several computer are connected to each other |
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NOS (Network Operation System |
each computer in a Multiprocessor system has its own OS |
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Distributed Operation System |
a Single OS runs the entire Multiprocessor system |
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Parallel Computation |
each part of expressions evaluates individually |
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Real Time Sharing |
Control systems: Sensor gather data, computer analyses data in a fixed time range, results are displayed |
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Microprocessor |
Integrated circuit containing Arithmetic Unit(AU) and Control Unit(CU) |
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Bitnet |
A wide-area network linking 1000+ schools in US, Canada and Europe |
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LAN |
Local Area Network, some have up to 75 computers |
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WAN |
Wide Area Network |
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EtherNet |
LAN hardware standard developed by Xerox |
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EARN |
European Academic Research Network fully integrated with BITNET |
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Multimedia |
cmbination of text, graphics, and sound |
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Bandwidth |
the amount of information that can flow through a channel expressed in hertz or bps |
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Baud |
the number of times per second that switching can occur in a communication channel |
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Bus |
internal pathway carrying signals around the computer |
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PROM |
Programmable Read-Only-Memory |
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EPROM |
Erasable Programmable Read-Only-Memory |
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ORACLE |
developed by Oracle Corp. enables uses of Mac and IBM PC to access data on large corporate databases |
