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154 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
albumino-cytologic dissociation
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Guillain-Barre (markedly increased protein in CSF with only modest increase in cell count)
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antiplatelet antibodies
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idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura
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arachnodactyly
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Marfan's
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aschoff bodies
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rheumatic fever
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auer rods
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acute promyelocytic leukemia (AML type M3)
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autosplenectomy
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*sickle cell anemai swithc a glu -->val in Beta chain
*low O2 increased sickling *aplastic crisis w/ B19 (parvovirus ssDNA) infection *salmonella osteomyelitis *vaso-occlusive painful crises *hydroxyurea as treatment (increase HbF) and bone marrow transplant |
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babinski
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UMN lesion
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basophilic stippling of RBCs
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Lead poisoning
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Bence Jones protein
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multiple myeloma free light chains (either Kappa or lambda), waldenstrom's macroglobinemia
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Birbeck granules
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histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma)
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Blue Bloater
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chronic bronchitis (at least 3 months for at least 2 years of excessive mucus secretion & chronic recurrent productive cough)
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Boot-Shaped heart
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Tetralogy of Fallot
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Bouchard's nodes
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osteoarthritis (proximal IP joing of the fingers)
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Boutonniere's deformity
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rheumatoid arthritis flex proximal and extend distal IP joints
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Brown Tumor
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hyperparathyroidism
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brushfield spots
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Down's syndrome
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call-exner bodies
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Grnaulosa cell tumor: associated with endometrial hyperplasia & carcinoma *granulosa -theca cell tumor
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cardiomegaly with apical atrophy
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Chagas' disease
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chancre
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primary syphilis
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chancroid
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Haemophilus ducreyi
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charcot triad
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multiple sclerosis = nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech
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charcot-leyden crystals
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bronchial asthma
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cheyne-Stokes breathing
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cerebral lesion
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chocolate cysts
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endometriosis
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chvostek's sign
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hypocalcemia facial spasm in tetany
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clue cells
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gardnerella vaginitis
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codman's triangle
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osteosarcoma
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cold agglutinins
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mycoplasma pneumoniae, infectious mononucleosis
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condyloma lata
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secondary syphilis
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cotton wool spots
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HTN, also known as cystoid bodies seen w/ SLE (yellowish cotton wool fundal lesion)
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councilman bodies
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dying hepatocytes- HepB
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crescents in Bowman's capsule
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rapidly progressive (crescentic glomerulonephritis)
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currant jelly sputum
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Klebsiella
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curschmann's spirals
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bronchial asthma
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depigmentation of substantia nigra
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parkinson's
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donovan bodies
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granuloma inguinale (STD)
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eburnation
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osteoarthritis (polished, ivory-like appearance of bone)
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ectopia lentis
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marfan's
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erythema chronicum migrans
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lyme disease
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fatty liver
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alcoholism
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ferruginous bodies
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asbestosis - and Iron laden
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ghon focus/ complex
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Tuberculosis (primary and secondary, respectively)
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glitter cells
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acute pyelonephritis
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gower's maneuver
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duchenne's MD use of arms to stand
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heberden's nodes
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osteoarthritis (distal IP joint of the fingers)
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heinz bodies
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G6PD deficiency
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heterophil antibodies
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infectious mononucelosis (EBV)
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hirano bodies
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alzheimer's
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hypersegmented PMNs
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megaloblastic anemia
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hypochromic microcytic RBCs
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iron deficiency anemia or Beta thalasemia
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Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
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syphilis over-aggressive treatment of an asymptomatic pt. that causes symptoms secondary to rapid lysis
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joint mice
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osteoarthritis (fractured osteophytes)
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kaussmaul breathing
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acidosis/ diabetic ketoacidosis
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keratin pearls
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squamous cell cancer of the skin (actinic keratosis is a precursor)
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keyser-fleischer ring
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wilson's
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kimmelstiel-wilson nodules
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diabetic nephropathy: nodular glomerulosclerosis nodules of mesangial matrix
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koilocytes
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HPV 6 & 11 (condyloma acuminatum - benign) and HPV 16 & 18 (malignant)
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koplik spots
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measles
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lewy bodies
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parkinson's (eosinophilic inclusions in damaged substantia nigra cells)
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lines of zahn
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arterial thrombus
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lisch nodules
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neurofibromatosis (von Recklinhausen's disease) = pigmented iris hamartomas
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lumpy bumpy IF glomeruli
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poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis - prototype of nephitic syndrome
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mallory bodies
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alcoholic hepatitis
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mcBurney's sign
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appendicitis (McBurney's point is 2/3 of the way from the umbilicus to ASIS)
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michealis-gutmann bodies
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malakoplakia - lesion on bladder due to macros and calcospherites (M-G bodies); usually due to E. coli
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monoclona antibody spike
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multiple myeloma this is calle dth eM protein (usually IgG or IgA), MGUS
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myxedema
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hypothyroidism
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negri bodies
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Rabies
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neuritic plaques
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alzheimer's
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neurofibrillary tangles
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alzheimer's
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non-pitting edema
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myxedema and anthrax toxin
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notching of the ribs
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coarctation of the aorta
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nutmeg liver
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CHF = causing congested liver
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owls eye cells
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CMV, reed sternburg cells (Hodgkins lymphoma) and Aschoff cells seen w/ rheumatic fever
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painless jaundice
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pancreatic Cancer (head)
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pannus
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rheumatoid arthritis, also see moving stiffness that decreased w/ joint use, HLA-DR4
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pautrier's microabscesses
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mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T cell lymphoma), Sezary
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philadelphia chromosome
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CML
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pick bodies
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pick's disease
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2 types of COPD
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pink puffer - type A: emphysema
blue bloater - type B: bronchitis emphysema centroacindar -smokine panacinar - alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency |
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podagra
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Gout (MP joint of hallux)
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port wine stain
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hemangioma
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posterior anterior drawer sign
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tearing of the ACL
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psammoma bodies
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*papillary adenocarcinoma of the thyroid
*serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary *meningioma *mesothelioma |
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pseudohypertrophy
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seen w/ duchenne muscular dystrophy @ the calf muscles, due to increased fat
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punched out bone lesions
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multiple myeloma
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rash on palms and soles
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*secondary syphilis
*rocky mounted spotted fever *coxsackie virus infection: hand-foot-mouth disease |
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red morning urine
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paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. you would use Ham's test to confirm
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reed-sternberg cells
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hodgkin's disease
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reid index increased
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chronic bronchitis = increased ratio of bronchial gland to bronchial wall thickness
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reinke crystals
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leydig cell tumor
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rouleaux formation
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multiple myeloma RBCs stacked as poker chips
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S3 heart sound
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left to right shunt (VSD, PDA, ASD), mitral regurg, LV failure
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S4 heart sound
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pulmonary stenosis, pulmonary HTN
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schwartzman reaction
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neisseria meningitidis (impressive rash with bugs)
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smith antigen
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SLE (also anti dsDNA
malar rash, wire loop kidney lesions, joint pain, false positive syphilis test (VDRL) 90% 13-45 yo females also seen w/ use of INH; procainamide; hydralazine = SLE-like syndrome |
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soap bubble on X-ray
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giant cell tumor of bone
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spike and dome glomeruli
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membranous glomerulonephritits = nephrotic syndrome
spike = basement membrane material & dome= immune complex deposits (IgG or C3) |
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string sign on X-ray
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crohn's = bowel wall thickening
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target cells
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thalassemia in alpha thalasesemia w/ no alpha gene: hydrops fetalis and intrauterine death associations = HbBarts
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tendinous Xanthomas
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familial hypercholesterolemia
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thyroidization of kidney
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chronic pyelonephritis
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tophi
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gout
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tram track glomeruli
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membranoproliferative GN: nephritic syndrome - basement membrane is duplicated into 2 layers
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trousseaus's sign
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visceral ca, classically pancreatic (migratory thrombophlebitis) * hypocalcemia (carpal spasm) *these are two entirely different disease processes and different signs, but they undortunately have hte same name
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virchow's node
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supraclavicular node enlargement by metastatic carcinoma of the stomach
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warthin finkeldey giant cells
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measles
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WBC casts
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pyelonephritis
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whipple's triad
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CNS dysfunction - hypoglycemic episodes - glu injection reverses CNS symptoms
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wire loop glomeruli
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lupus nephropathy, type IV diffuse proliferative form
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increased AFP in amniotic fluid or mother's serum
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spina bifida, anencephaly
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increased uric acid
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gout
lesch nyhan myelopriliferative disorders diuretics (loop and thiazide) |
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decreased FEV1/FVC
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COPD
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ground glass on chest x-ray (hyaline)
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due to pneumocystis carinii
seen with atelectasia |
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honey combing of the lung
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seen w/ aspestosis (a RESTRICTIVE lung disease)
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crescents
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goodpastures syndrome (pneumonia w/ hemoptysis and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis)
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linear Ig deposits
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goodpastures syndrome
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45 degree branch points
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aspergillosis
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PAS + dutcher bodies
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waldenstrom's macroglobinemia = Increased IgM = hyperviscosity
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"ground glass" in abdomen (hyaline)
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seen in hepatocytes of healthy carriers of HBsAg in liver biopsies
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"signet ring" cells
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cells that replace the ovaries, due to krukenberg's tumor that has metastasized from the stomach
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ground glass appearance (hyaline)
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seen with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy oligodendrocytes, nuclei seen in papillary Cancer of the thyroid (malignant)
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congo red
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shows amyloid deposition in plaques and vascular walls
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meningiomas and progesterone
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some meningiomas have progesterone receptors = rapid growth in pregnancy can occur
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tuberous sclerosis triad
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seizures; mental retardation; leukoderma (congential facial white spots of macules): angiofibromas
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cowdry A inclusions
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seen w/ herpes simplex encephalitis - in oligodendroglia
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Devic's syndrome
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neuromyelitis optica, a variant of multiple sclerosis: rapid demyelination of the optic nerve and spinal cord w/ parapelegia
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c-erb B2
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breast cancer association
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foster-kennedy syndrome
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a tumor causign blindness and loss of smell with papilloedema
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hoffman's sign
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flicking of the middle finger's nail
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red nucleus destruction
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intention tremors of the arm
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ventral spinocerebellar tract
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unconsiouc proprioception of lower extremities
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dorsal spinocerebellar tract
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unconscious proprioception and fine motor movements
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cuneocerebellar tract
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unconscious proprioception and fine motor movements of the upper extremities
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dorsal column
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conscious proprioception of the body
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lateral spinothalamic tract
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pain and temperature sensation
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ventral spinothalamic tract
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light touch perception
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SVA
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taste and smell
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GSE
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muscles of eye and of the tongue
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SSA
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vision; hearing; equilibrium
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GVA
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sensation of tongue; soft palate; carotid body and sinus innervation
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GVE
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edinger westphal = parasympathetic eye innervation
gland innervation = secretions viscer |
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GSA
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pain and temp of face
sensation of external ear |
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SVE
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innervation of muscles of mastication, facial expression, larynx and pharynx
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LMN lesion
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werndig hoffman (progressive infantile muscular atrophy)
poliomyelitits |
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sensory pathway lesion
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subacute combined degernation = friedrich's ataxia = B12 deficiency
tabes dorsalis (neurosyphilis) |
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both UMN and LMN lesion
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ALS = Lou gherigs disease
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both sensory and motor lesion
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brown squard
anterior spinal artery occlusion |
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suprachiasmatic nucleus
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controls circadian rhythm
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ventroimedial nucleus
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satiety center. savage behavior and obesity when lesioned
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lateral nucleus
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induces eating. starvatiopn when lesioned
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arcuate nucleus
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releases PIF (dopa-ergic neurons)
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mamillary body
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can have hemorrhages as seen in Wenicke's encephalopathy
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acanthocytes
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RBCs with spiny projections. seen in abetalipoproteinemia
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