Omm Lumbar Spine

Front 1

The decreasing width of this ligament makes the lumbar spine more susceptible to disk herniations

Back 1

posterior longitudinal ligament

at L4-L5 it is 1/2 the width at L1

Front 2

In thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, the nerve root exits _______ its corresponding vertebra.

Back 2

Below

L4 nerve root exits below L4

Front 3

Spinal cord terminates at

Back 3

L1/L2

Front 4

Iliac crest is at what level

Back 4

L4/L5

Front 5

Umbilicus is location of ___ dermatome and is at what level

Back 5

T10

L3/L4

Front 6

This is considered the most common anomaly in the lumbar spine

Back 6

Facet trophism - an asymmetry of the facet joint angles

Front 7

facets in the lumbar spine are normally aligned in which plane

Back 7

sagital - backwards and medial

Front 8

major motion of lumbar spine is

Back 8

flexion and extension

Front 9

sidebending L5 will cause the sacrum to do what

Back 9

sacral oblique axis will be engaged on same side.

Front 10

rotation of L5 will cause the sacrum to do what

Back 10

rotate toward the opposite side

Front 11

This angle is formed by a horizontal line and the line of inclination of the sacrum.

Back 11

Lumbosacral (Furguson's) angle

Front 12

What is the normal value for the lumbosacral (Furguson's) angle

Back 12

25-35

Front 13

This law states that bone formation occurs along stress lines

Back 13

Wolf's law

Front 14

This area is a weak link for compression fracture

Back 14

anterior triangle

Front 15

The anulus is derived from ____ and the notochord is derived from ____

Back 15

mesenchyme
ectoderm

Front 16

What postural form will apply greatest load to lumbar disk?

Back 16

sitting with poor posture

Front 17

Quadratus lumborum is innervated by

Back 17

T12-L4

Front 18

Psoas is innervated by

Back 18

L1-L3

Front 19

L crus of diaphragm attaches at
R crus

Back 19

L1-2
L1-3

Front 20

Latissimus dorsi is innervated by

Back 20

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8

Front 21

Gluteus maximus is innervated by

Back 21

INferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)

Front 22

This is the most common disc herniation

Back 22

posterio-lateral

Front 23

Disc herniation most commonly occurs at what level(s) and is attributed to what

Back 23

L4-L5
L5-S1
narrow posterior long lig

Front 24

extension will ___ intervertebral foramina
flexion ___

Back 24

narrow

enlarge

Front 25

How do you test L4 motor

Back 25

invert foot (tibialis anterior)

Front 26

What is the reflex that tests L4

Back 26

patellar

Front 27

Sensation for L4 is tested where

Back 27

medial aspect of foot

Front 28

How do you test motor function of L5

Back 28

raise great toe

Front 29

What reflex tests L5

Back 29

NONE

Front 30

Where is sensation tested for L5

Back 30

dorsum of foot

Front 31

How do you test motor function of S1

Back 31

evert foot (peroneus longus and brevis)

Front 32

What reflex tests L5

Back 32

achilles tendon reflex

Front 33

Where is sensation appreciated for S1

Back 33

lateral foot

Front 34

innervation for piriformis is

Back 34

L4-S3

Front 35

Viscerosomatic sensation for T12-L2 includes what

Back 35

Left colon
Bladder
Prostate
Lower extremity

Front 36

What are the different categories of spondylolistheisis

Back 36

Type I: Congenital spondylolisthesis
Type II: Isthmic spondylolisthesis
Type III: Degenerative spondylolisthesis
Type IV: Traumatic spondylolisthesis
Type V: Pathologic spondylolisthesis

Front 37

Differentiate between spondylosis, spondylolsis, and spondulolisthesis

Back 37

spondylolisthesis - anterior displacement of one vertebrae in relation to one below. usually b/c of defect of pars interarticularis

spondylolysis - defect of pars interarticularis without anterior displacement of vertebral body

Spondylosis - degenerative changes within disk

Front 38

herniated lumbar disk becomes worse with

Back 38

flexion

Front 39

spinal stenosis becomes worse with

Back 39

extension, standing, walking or lying supine

Front 40

Spondylolisthesis becomes worse in

Back 40

extension

Front 41

In psoas syndrome pain is increased when

Back 41

standing or walking

Front 42

Saddle anesthesia, decreased DTRs, decreased rectal sphincter tone, and loss of bladder control are hallmarks of

Back 42

Cauda equina syndrome

Front 43

a positive straight leg raise test includes

Back 43

back pain on the involved side that is accompanied by pain down the leg

Front 44

dexcribe braggards test

if it is negative but you have a positive straight leg test then..

Back 44

lower leg slightly and dorsiflex the foot

if negative: pain from straight leg raise test may be secondary to tight hamstrings

Front 45

This test determines a shortening of psoas muscle

a positive test would be

Back 45

Thomas


thigh and knee do not lie flat on table

Front 46

A positive hip drop test would be

Back 46

the plane of the iliac crests drops less than 20 degrees

and/or

the lumbar and thoracolumbar spine does not side bend with a smooth lateral curve; named to the side being tested