Omm Fall Midterm 2Nd Year

Front 1

What tissues does the indirect approach affect?

Back 1

this is a focus on fluid and energy

Front 2

what tissues does the direct approach affect?

Back 2

this is more articular, and affects the dural membrane

Front 3

What are the four osteopathic tenants?

Back 3

structure and function are reciprocally interrelated

the body is a dynamic unit of function

the body has inherent therapeutic potency

Front 4

What are the 5 components of the Primary respiratory mechanism?

Back 4

Inherent Motility of brain/spinal cord

Fluctuation of CSF

Mobility of intracranial and intraspinal membranes

The articular mobility of crainal bones

the involuntary motion of the sacrum between the two ilia

Front 5

Define the inherent motility of the brain/ spinal cord

Back 5

neural cells are contractile in nature...describes an coiling and uncoiling

Front 6

define the fluctuation of CSF

Back 6

CSF has neurosecretory and neurotransmitter capacities
acts as a buffer
conduit for electrical potentials
fluid within a fluid

Front 7

what two things make up the reciprocal tension membrane?

Back 7

the falx cerebri and the tentorium

Front 8

What makes up sutherlands fulcrum?

Back 8

the straight sinus

Front 9

what is the anterior superior pole of the RTM?

Back 9

falx meets cristi galli on ethmoid

Front 10

what is the anterior inferior pole of the RTM?

Back 10

tentorium attaches to the anterior/posterior clinoid processes of the sella turcica

Front 11

what are the lateral poles of the RTM?

Back 11

tentorium attaches to the petrous ride of the temporal bone, and the transverse ridge of the occiput

Front 12

what is the posterior pole of the RTM?

Back 12

the internal occipital protuberence

Front 13

what is the sacral pole of the RTM?

Back 13

the dura exits foremen magnum, attaches to C2, and then hangs loosely until it attaches to S2

Front 14

What does the SBS do during inhalation?

Back 14

This Rises, and goes into crainal-sacral flexion

Front 15

what does the SBS do during exhalation?

Back 15

SBS descends, goes into crainal sacral extension

Front 16

What do the midline/paired bones do during flexion?

Back 16

the midlines flex, and the paired bones externally rotate (go away from midline)

Front 17

what do the midline paired bones do during extension

Back 17

the mid line bones go into extension, while the paired bones internally rotate (go to midline)

Front 18

during crainal sacral flexion, what do the SBS and sacal base do?

Back 18

the SBS rises, and the sacral base counter nutates (the coccyx is pulled superior so to speak)

Front 19

What is the motion observed in the flexion phase of the CRI?

Back 19

this is flexternal rotation
all crainal bones move awy from midline,
should feel hands being drawn away down toward torso

Front 20

what motion is observed in the extension phase of the CRI?

Back 20

this is internal extension- all crainal bones move to midline (with internal rotation of paired bones)

hands should be drawn back up to head

Front 21

which bone drives the temporal bones?

Back 21

the occiput

Front 22

What CN's pass through the juglar foramen?

Back 22

9,10,11

Front 23

What does the occiput do in flexion?

Back 23

the Base of occuput (posterior half of the SBS) rises and goes anterior.

the posterior part of the occiput moves posterior in flexion and widens (how ?)

Front 24

What does the SBS and the sacrum do in flex?

Back 24

SBS- rises

scarum- moves posterior (called counter nutation) (the sacrum sits upright)

Front 25

What bones does the Occiput drive?

Back 25

the temporal and parietal bones
(the posterior cranium)

Front 26

What bones does the Sphenoid drive?

Back 26

this drives the position of Frontals and most of the face (anterior bones)

Front 27

what do the temporal bones drive?

Back 27

these drive the mandible

(note: so the occiput can affect the jaw...by affecting the temporal bones)

Front 28

what is the axis of motion for the occiput?

Back 28

this is a transverse axis

Front 29

what kind of bone is formed in membrane?

Back 29

smooth flat bones

Front 30

what kind of bone is formed in cartilage?

Back 30

thick, bumpy bone

Front 31

what axis does the sphenoid move around?

Back 31

a transverse axis, in the area of the sella turcica

Front 32

How does the sphenoid move during flexion (the individual parts of the sphenoid itself)

Back 32

the Base rises
greater wings move anterior, lateral, and inferior (forward rotation around the transverse axis of the sphenoid)
the pterygoids moves posterior and inferolaterally
the body expands slightly laterally. (yes...a bone expands for no reason at all!)

Front 33

What can compression at the sphenoid articulation with the ethmoid affect?

Back 33

this can affect smell

Front 34

What CN's pass through the superior orbital fissure

Back 34

3,4,6, V1

Front 35

what is contained in the sella turcica?

Back 35

the pituitary gland

Front 36

what CN's pass through the infraorbital fissure?

Back 36

V2 - jaw muscles

Front 37

What CN's pass through the foramen routundum?

Back 37

V2

Front 38

What CN's pass through the foramen ovale?

Back 38

V3

Front 39

What CN's pass through the foramen spinosum?

Back 39

V3 and middle meningeal artery

Front 40

How does the SBS and sacrum move during extension?

Back 40

the SBS will descend

the Sacrum will rock anteriorly

Front 41

how do the temporal bones move in flexion?

Back 41

these externally rotate

Front 42

how do the temporal bones move in extension?

Back 42

internal rotation

Front 43

what is the frontal bone formed in?

Back 43

this is formed in membrane, as it is smooth

Front 44

when does the mectopic suture usually ossify?

Back 44

by age 6 (this is the frontal bone)

Front 45

Is the frontal bone, one bone, or two bones?

Back 45

it is regarded as two bones, functionally. how stupid.

Front 46

What does the frontal bone do during flexion

Back 46

this does external rotation, with the glabella flattening,
and in the ILAs become more broad

Front 47

what does the frontal bone do during extension?

Back 47

this does internal rotation, where the glabella goes anterior, and the ILA's narrow

Front 48

where are the parietal bones formed?

Back 48

in membrane

Front 49

how does the parietal bones move in flexion?

Back 49

this is external rotation. the inferior borders move laterally. becomes shorter and widens!

Front 50

how do the parietal bones move in extension?

Back 50

these become tall and narrow (internal rotation)

Front 51

what is the axis that the parietal bones move around?

Back 51

this axis runs parallel to the sagittal suture.

Front 52

In the vault hold, where does the little finger go?

Back 52

this goes parallel to the occipital curve

Front 53

in the vault hold, where does the ring finger go?

Back 53

this is placed on the mastoid process of the temporal bone

Front 54

in the vault hold, where does the middle finger go?

Back 54

just in front of the acoutic meatus, on the zygomatic process.

Front 55

in the vault hold, where does the index finger go?

Back 55

on the greater wing of the sphenoid

Front 56

in the vault hold, where do the thumbs go?

Back 56

these rest on the frontal bones

Front 57

What is the purpose of the Frontal Lift?

Back 57

to internally rotate the frontal bones (or extend them..)
disengage them from their bases
lift anteriorly
This will then permit external rotation.

Front 58

what is the purpose of the Parietal lift?

Back 58

to internally rotate the parietal bones
lift them cephalad
permit external rotation

Front 59

How is the temporal bone release performed?

Back 59

you assist flexion and extension of the temporal bone by pressing on the mastoid processes

Front 60

In a torsion, what two bones are moving?

Back 60

the occiput, and the sphenoid

Front 61

How is a torsion named?

Back 61

it is named for the WIDE side.

Front 62

on the wide side of a torsion, how does the sphenoid move? and the occiput?

Back 62

the sphenoid will be HIGH on the Wide side (this hand in the vault position will rotate back to physician)

the occiput will be LOW on the wide side

Front 63

What kind of force causes sidebending?

Back 63

getting punched in the side of the head, causes the other side of the head to become wide

Front 64

in a sidebending disorder, how are sidebending and rotation related?

Back 64

they are type 1, opposite of eachother

Front 65

how is a sidebending disorder named?

Back 65

it is named for the side of the convexity
this will be opposite from the way sidebending actually occurs (the two bones bend/pinch in on one side...which makes the other side wide. this is the side it is named for, the wide side.)....ALSO...it rotates to the wide side!

Front 66

What kind of motion does a vertical strain induce?

Back 66

this causes the sphenoid and the occiput to rotate in the same direction around their respective axis (when normally, they would rotate opposite directions)

Front 67

In a lateral strain, how do the occiput and sphenoid move?

Back 67

the rotate the same direction around their vertical axises. this produces a shearing motion at the SBS

Front 68

how is a lateral strain named?

Back 68

this is named for which direction the base of the sphenoid moves when the sphenoid rotates around its vertical axis

Front 69

what are the only two contraindications for CV4?

Back 69

epileptic seizures
encephalitis

Front 70

What motion are you supposed to encourage in a CV4?

Back 70

encourage extension, inhibit flexion

Front 71

How is the V-spread performed?

Back 71

this uses a bodys inherent motion to help release a restricted suture. you facilitate the motion using the v spread hold.

Front 72

How does CV4 affect the CRI?

Back 72

it increases the amplitude of the CRI

Front 73

what is trigeminal neuralgia/ tic douloureux

Back 73

this is a sensory disorder of CN V, believed to be an impinged root. - causes severe pain to mild stimuli.

Front 74

What EXACT percent of venous drainage from the brain passes from the sigmoid sinus in the internal jugular vein?

Back 74

94%

Front 75

To release the occipital sinus, where do you place your fingers?

Back 75

midline on the external occipital protuberance, then move inwards towards the foramen magnum while you wait for bone to soften, the seas to part, and angels to sing

Front 76

to release the transverse/straight sinus, where do you put your fingers?

Back 76

place them on the superior nuchal line, to the inferior lateral angle of the parietal bone.
maintain contact here, wait for second coming

Front 77

to release the superior and inferior sagittal sinus where do you put your fingers?

Back 77

you put them across the midline suture, and gently try to pry their head open until the bones soften. (sagittal suture to bregma)

Front 78

How do you treat SBS compression?

Back 78

vault hold
resist flexion of the CRI for 2-3 cycles until it reaches the still point.

once at still point, lift the greater wing of the sphenoid anterior, until you hear angels sing, and the seas part.

then let go of sphenoid after the angels sing, and let it re seat

Front 79

what are the findings in a sacral torsion?

Back 79

here the sacral base, and apex, are posterior on the same side. usually accompanies an SBS torsion