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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
According to Boyle's Law, Pressure and Volume are ______ proportional
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inversely
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According to Charle's law, Volume and Temperature are _____ proportional (when pressure remains constant)
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directly
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True or False?
In a gas mixture, the pressure exerted by each gas is dependant on the pressures exerted by the other gases |
False! The pressure of a particular gas in a gas mixture is independent of the pressure exerted by the other gases and the total pressure in the gas mixture equals the sum of the pp's (partial pressures) of each gas involved.
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If you have a high CO2 level in your blood and low CO2 in the alveoli, which way will CO2 diffuse
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CO2 will diffuse into the alveoli (the partial pressure of CO2 in the blood is greater than the partial pressure of CO2 in the atmospher
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If a gas is ________ in solution it cannot diffuse out; also, smaller molecular wieght gases diffuse _______.
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-Insoluble
-Faster |
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According to Fick's law of diffusion, te volume of gas that can diffuse across a barrier is directly proportional to ______, _______, and ______ and inversely proprtiona to ______.
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-Surface area available for diffusion, diffusivity of the gas, the difference in partial pressures on either side pf the barrier
-the thickness of the barrier |
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The thickness of the barrier in the alveolar-capillary interface is _____ cell layers thick.
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2 (1 layer of simple squamous in alveoli and 1 layer simple squamous in capillary to allow for diffusion
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In Poiseuilli's Law, the _____ is the most significant part of the equation as it deals with bronchoconstriction and bronchodilation.
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radius (r^4)
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While _____ is primarily mediated by the diaphragm, _____ is more of a passive process
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-inspiration
-expiration |
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If you increase the volume in the intrapleural space you will _____ the pressure
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-decrease
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As alveoli try to collapse inward and the chest wall tries to move outward you pull 2 layers apart (increase volume) and end with a _____ pressure in the intrapleural space.
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negative
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At the end of expiration, _____ recoil equals ____ recoil and ______ pressure is established
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-outward
-inward -intrapleural |
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What is the differense b/w the alveolar pressure and the intrapleural pressure called
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Transmural pressure (~alveolar recoil pressure)
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When do you see Q (flow) in the lungs
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When there is a differnce b/w alveolar and atmospheric pressure.
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Why is transmural pressure (~alveolar recoil pressure) larger during inspiration
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During inspiration alveoli are larger (more elastic recoil) and want to collapse down. So, elastic recoil ~ passive tension.
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What is Tidal Volume
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TV is the amount of air we inhale and and exhale during a normal eupnic breath
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During what phase of respiration is velocity the fastest
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Inspiration
(inspiration occurs quicker than expiration, however the volumes exchanged are equal) |
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Why is the change in intrapleural pressure during inspiration and expiration not linear
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Because there is a resistance to airflow. If there was no R, you would see a linear relationship
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How must you compensate for increased resistance to airflow during inspiration
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You must make intrapleural pressure more negative to compensate-may do so by expanding the chest wall during inspiration
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If you ____ resistance during expiration, you must ____ intrapleural pressure to compensate
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-increase
-decrease |
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What are 2 ways thar air is "pushed" out of the lungs during expiration
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1. Alveolar elastic recoil (the alveoli want to collapse)
2. Increase intrapleural pressure (make less negative) |
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The intrapleural space is a ____ circuit and adheres to Boyle's law (P1V1=P2V2), whereas the alveoli are an _____ circuit and do not adhere to Boyle's law.
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-closed
-open |
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At the end of expiration (~the beginning of inspiration) change in pressure = ____, and flow = _____
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-0
-0 |
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At what point during inspiration and expiration is airflow (Q) the highest
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The 1st half of inspiration and expiration
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FRC (functional residual volume) is the volume at the ______ of inspiration (end of expiration, and TV (tidal volume) is the volume at the _______ of inspration (beginning of expiration)
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-Beginning
-End |