Old Wildlife Tests

Front 1

Use of resources that involves removal

Back 1

Consumptive

Front 2

Conservation ethic inspired by John Muir

Back 2

Preservation Ethic

Front 3

Manipulation of population or habitats to achieve desired goals by people

Back 3

Wildlife Management

Front 4

Type of scientific reasoning that is the basis for formation of theory

Back 4

Induction

Front 5

Actual number of offspring produced by a population per unit time

Back 5

Fecundity

Front 6

Source of uncertainty in management stemming from inability to census and basing predictions on a sample

Back 6

Partial Observability

Front 7

Type of population growth where multiplication rate is density independent

Back 7

Exponential

Front 8

Type of population growth that assumes negative density dependence in population growth rate

Back 8

Logistic

Front 9

Type of population growth where birth and death rates are constant

Back 9

Exponential

Front 10

Type of population models that assume non-overlapping
generations and birth pulses

Back 10

Finite Difference

Front 11

Populations growth is static when this parameter = 1

Back 11

Lambda

Front 12

Finite rate for population growth

Back 12

Lambda

Front 13

Free-ranging undomesticated animals in natural environment

Back 13

Wildlife

Front 14

The scientific basis for ecosystem management

Back 14

Adaptive Management

Front 15

The statement that it is “usually easier to prevent harm to biodiversity than to repair it later” represents what type of burden of proof?

Back 15

Precautionary Principle

Front 16

As reviewed in the book and in class, wildlife populations may be managed in one of four ways. List the four:

Back 16

1. Make it increase, 2. Make it decrease, 3. Harvest the population for continuing yield, 4. Leave it alone

Front 17

List 4 federal agencies (reviewed in class) under the Department of Interior that are in part responsible for managing wildlife on federal lands.

Back 17

USFWS, NPS, USGS, BLM, BIA, B Reclamation

Front 18

Name the 2 major pieces of federal legislation that formed excise taxes to generate funds for wildlife and fish management at the state level.

Back 18

Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act – or - Pittman-Robertson
Federal Aid in Fish Restoration Act – or Dingle-Johnson

Front 19

Prohibited shipment, transport, and commerce of wildlife taken or possesed in violation of state, federal, or foreign laws

Back 19

Lacey Act

Front 20

Required waterfowl hunters > 16 yrs old to purchase federal stamp

Back 20

Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Duck Stamp Act)

Front 21

Required for “federal activities significantly affecting quality of human environment

Back 21

National Environmental Policy Act

Front 22

Restrictions on international trade of wildlife

Back 22

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species

Front 23

List the 3 components of a fishery

Back 23

Human, Habitat, Biota

Front 24

As the density of elk increased from 4000 to around 20,000 animals, reproductive rates started to decrease. This is an example of what process

Back 24

Density Dependence

Front 25

Assume the population is growing logistically towards carrying capacity. How would you modify the continuous equation for exponential growth to account for the unutilized opportunity for
population growth (ie what terms would you add to the equation)?

Back 25

(K-N)/K

Front 26

List 3 DISTINCT differences between fish and wildlife systems. For each difference, make sure to CLEARLY and BRIEFLY describe the characteristic for both fish and wildlife. Limit your answers ONLY to those that we discussed – at placed on the board – in class

Back 26

Many Options, including: 1.) Ectothermic (F) vs Endothermic (W); 2.) Finite Boundaries (F) vs Mobility (W); 3.) O2 limited (F) vs not (W); 4.) Indeterminant (F) vs Determinant (W) Growth;
5.) Hi (F) vs Low (W) Reproductive Potential; 6.) Counting via Biomass (F) vs Density (W); 7.)
Low (F) vs Hi (W) Anthropomorphism; 8.) Low (F) vs Hi (W) Ambient Temperature
Fluctuations; 9.) Game Species are Predators (F) or Herbivores (W)….
26. Following the Kellert value scheme:
a. Value category describing strong affection for individual animals (2 pts)
Humanistic

Front 27

Value category describing strong affection for individual animals

Back 27

Humanistic

Front 28

Value category describing interest in wildlife and their habitats through direct experience and contact

Back 28

Naturalistic

Front 29

Logistic population growth models have 2 specific model assumptions that were not applicable to exponential models

Back 29

Constant Carrying Capacity; Linear Density Dependence

Front 30

The ultimate expression of vegetational development under
prevailing local or regional conditions

Back 30

Climax Community

Front 31

The resources and conditions present in an area that produce occupancy, including survival and reproduction, of a given organism

Back 31

Habitat

Front 32

The accessibility and procurability of physical and biological components of a habitat

Back 32

Habitat Availability

Front 33

The amount of allowable harvest at a particular population size that
will maintain that population size

Back 33

Sustained Yield

Front 34

The type of predator mortality Paul Errington described for his mink-muskrat system

Back 34

Compensatory

Front 35

Type of harvest mortality that would suggest that harvest regulations will have little effect on game populations

Back 35

Compensatory

Front 36

Population model where all relationships are fixed and the concept of probability does not enter

Back 36

Deterministic

Front 37

A comprehensive analysis of the many environmental and
demographic factors that affect survival of a population – usually
applied to small populations at risk

Back 37

Population Viability Analysis

Front 38

An organism that transmits a disease within and between
populations

Back 38

Vector

Front 39

Mosquitoes represent this in the case study of heartworm in island foxes

Back 39

Vector

Front 40

An occurrence of disease that spreads from wildlife to humans

Back 40

Zoonosis

Front 41

According to Aldo Leopold, “Ax, cow, match, plow” are four tools to do what

Back 41

Set back succession

Front 42

According to Leopold’s Population Model, wildlife managers can manipulate welfare and decimating factors to achieve what?

Back 42

A desired population level

Front 43

According to our discussion reading by Binns 2004, the author discusses two different approaches for habitat management of Wyoming streams for trout. What are these 2 approaches?

Back 43

1. In-stream, site-specific habitat management
2. Holistic, watershed-wide approach (a la Ecosystem Management)

Front 44

List 3 DISTINCT methods that wildlife managers can use to measure harvest levels?

Back 44

Success Ratios
Mandatory Reporting
Check Stations
Telephone Surveys
Mail Surveys
Population Models

Front 45

In the lynx-hare cycle discussed in class, assume that the effects of lynx (and other predators) on hares is inversely density dependent. If so, what does this imply with regards to how the impact of predators change as hare populations cycle?

Back 45

As hare densities increase during the cycle, the impact of predators on hare populations
declines. As hare densities decrease during the cycle, the impact of predators on hare population increases.

Front 46

List three reasons why island foxes on the California Channel Islands might be particularly sensitive to infectious diseases?

Back 46

Little prior exposure
Low genetic diversity
High density
Abundant vectors
Available Reservoirs (e.g. dogs)
Few alternative hosts

Front 47

Describe the difference between 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th order habitat selection

Back 47

1st order – geographic range
2nd order – home range of individual or group
3rd order – use of habitat components within home range
4th order – how 3rd order selection is carried out