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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How far (historically) does the bible go back?
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13th Century BC
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What is the difference in order of creation between Gen 1 and Gen 2?
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Gen 1
plants-animals-man(mf) Gen 2 man-plants-animals-woman |
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What is the difference in the referral to God in Gen 1 and 2?
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Gen 1
God-Elohim Gen 2 Lord God Yahweh Elohim |
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What is the difference in focus between Gen 1 and 2?
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Gen 1
general Gen 2 focus on man |
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Who names in Gen 1? Gen 2?
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Gen 1
God names Gen 2 Adam names |
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How is characterized in Gen 1 and 2?
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Gen 1
God is transcendent Gen 2 (like a human/personified) anthromorphic |
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What is the difference in style between Gen 1 and 2?
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Gen 1
majestic style formal language repetition Gen 2 word plays |
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What does adam mean?
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man
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What does adamah mean?
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ground
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What does is mean?
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man
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What does issah mean?
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woman
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How does God create man in Gen 1? Gen 2?
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Gen 1
Creation by word Gen 2 from dust |
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Who is the main subject in Gen 1? Gen 2?
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Gen 1
focuses on God's actions Gen 2 focuses on man's actions |
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What are the similarities between Gen 1 and 2?
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1. Both begin with temporal clauses
2. God created 3. Humanity is most important |
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How do the days of creation parallel to each other?
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1 light ---> 4. luminaries (sun and moon)
2.firmament (universe)/water ---> 5. fish and birds 3.a. land ------> 6.a. land animals 3.b. plants-----> 6b. plants given for food to humanity 7. Sabbath-Rest |
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What does us/our refer to in Gen 1?
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Heavenly Council/angels
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Who is Apsu and Tiamut?
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Apsu- freshwater god
Tiamut- saltwater god |
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What happens to Apsu?
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He desires to destroy all other gods, but is in turn killed by Ea.
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Who is Marduk?
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Created from the heart of Apsu
fights Tiamut and kills her |
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What happens Tiamut?
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She is split in half like a shellfish.
One half becomes the heavens, and the other the earth |
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Who is Kingu?
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Kingu bans to kill Ea with Tiamut and after Tiamut is killed he is punished for contriving the battle. His punishment is to have humans created from his blood.
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What is the purpose of humans in the Creation Epic?
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To be slaves
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What does Shemest mean?
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Sun in Hebrew
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What does Shamash mean?
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Sun god in Babylon
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What are some similarities between Genesis and the Creation Epic?
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1. Temporal Clauses
2. The sea (Tiamat) a. the deep Gen 1:2 b. Structure of the universe Gen 1:6 c. sea monsters Gen 1:14-15 4. Creation of humanity |
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Differences between Genesis and the Creation Epic?
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Genesis Creation Epic
Monotheism Polytheism Divine Word Battle Dignity of Humanity Slavery Linear Thoughts Cyclical |
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What is the story of the Epic of Gilgamesh?
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Enkidu created to the Gilgamesh's equal.Enkidu is raised by animals.Enkidu becomes "tame" by sleeping with a harlot.Enki and Glig become friends and decide to steal trees from a forbidden forest and kill demon in the process. Ishatar falls inlove with Gilg but he rejects her. She goes to her father Anu and gets a bull to kill Gilg. Enkidu and Gilg kill the bull. Gods say one of the two must die for what they did and they kill enkidu. Gilg goes to find eternal life from U. U tells story of flood. U tells G about magic plant. G gets the plant and snake eats the plant.
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What are the parallels between Gen 3 and the Epic of Gilgamesh?
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Sexual initiation
becoming like a god wisdom getting clothed loss transitions (innocent to sinful, wild man to human) supernatural tree/plant serpent not being immortal |
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What is the story of Adapa?
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Adapa was a fisherman of the Gods who had his ship capsized byt he southwind. He curses the southwind and by doing so causes her wings to break. The gods get mad and summon adapa. before he goes Ea tells him not to eat or drink anything the Gods give him. Although when Adapa sees the gods, Anu, a high god, shows kindness to adapa and offers him the bread/water of eternal life. Adapa doesn't drink or eat though because of what Ea said
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What are the parallels between Gen 3 and Adapa?
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Gen 3- tree of life
Adapa- bread/water of life |
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What does the tree of knowledge signify?
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1. totality of knowledge
2. ethical categories: right and wrong 3. categories of effect -good:beneficial, salutary, -bad/evil: harful, damaging |
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What does the tree of knowledge represent?
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Particular: Canaanite Religion-the magic beliefs/fertility cult
General: desire for autonomy and rebellion against God human wants to become like God |
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What are theological themes in Gen 3?
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1. Sin shatters relationships
a. Man/God b. man/woman, human/human (cain and abel) c. man/ground 2. Sin brings judgement 3. Grace a. God provides clothing b. destruction of humans postponed c. the tree of life is denied to them d. Hope- last Adam |
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How is the serpent punished?
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To crawl of the ground and have enmity with humans
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How is the woman punished?
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Increased child bearing pains and has to be ruled by man
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how is man punished?
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the ground is cursed, must toil, and wont live forever
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What was Cain?
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A farmer
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What was Abel?
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A shepherd
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Who's offering did God accept?
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Abel's
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What does nad mean?
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wanderer in Hebrew
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What does Nod mean?
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and of wandering
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How is Cain punished after killing his brother?
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He's banished from the soil and the presence of good. must become a restless wanderer of the earth. God puts a mark o him as a symbol for anyone who kills him he will be revenged sevenfold
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What are some of the 1st cultural achievements?
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Cain- 1st city
Jabal- herdsmen Jubal-musicians Tubal-metal workers |
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What are Ziggurat?
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Temple Towers excavated in Babylon
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What is Etemenanki mean?
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The house that is the foundation of heaven and earth
Parallels Gen 11:4 "Come, let us build...a towers with its top in the heavens" |
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What does each step of the towers in Babel stand for?
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The social hierarchy (uppermost being the most important)
gods kings priests freemen slaves |
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What is the theological message of the Tower of Babel?
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a. Sin- human effort
b. God's judgement i. confused language ii. scattered people c. No grace- sets the stage for the grace Abraham receives |
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How do Ancient Near Eastern Texts provide support for the authenticity of the Old Testament?
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Similar names (pronunciation, spelling, etc.) being found in ANE texts and the Bible
ew: Yaqobel = Jacob Similar customs being practiced in the Bible at the same time as people in ANE texts Traveling patterns of patriarchs similar to those in ANE texts |
