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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does "ubiquitous" mean?
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"Everywhere"
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What does "plethora" mean?
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"Lots of it"
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Carbon can bond to 4 other elements, so it is said to be ___.
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Versatile
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What are four ways carbon enters the atmosphere?
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1. Aerobic cellular respiration of various organisms
2. Volcanic eruptions 3. Combustion of fossil fuels 4. Deforestation by burning wood, peat, etc. as fuels |
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Where is peat found?
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Bogs
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What does "aerobic" mean?
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Uses oxygen
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What types of organisms are anaerobic?
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Certain types of bacteria
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The level of carbon in the atmosphere was once as high as __%
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15
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The water in bogs is very brown due to what?
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Tannin
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How are bogs different from other water ecosystems?
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There's no escape for the water.
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Which country is just now entering its industrial age, causing an increase in demand for fossil fuels?
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China
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Why is their little decomposition in bogs?
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Pine trees and other plants produce acid, causing the bog to have a low pH when they fall into it. With a low pH, many types of bacteria can't survive, eliminating many decomposers.
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How are the partial pressure of a gas and the concentration of that same gas in a contacting solution related?
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Directly proportional
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CO2 diffuses into the __.
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Ocean
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Where are most of the carbon atoms on the planet?
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Dissolved as CO2 in oceans.
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Much CO2 is taken up by organisms in the ocean that use it to build ___.
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Coral reefs and shells.
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CaCO3 is commonly referred to as what?
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Limestone
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How much of the atmosphere is nitrogen?
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79%
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How much of the atmosphere is oxygen?
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20%
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How much of the atmosphere is carbon?
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0.03%
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Bacteria can decompose organic material into what?
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CO2 and H2O
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Why is there still energy saved in fossil fuels?
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The remains of animals and plants were covered with sediment before they were full decomposed, allowing energy to still be stored in them.
? Because there is no O2 in the sediment, the full decomposition cannot occur. |
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The era in which fossil fuels were made was called the ___ era.
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Carboniferous
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Does a reducing atmosphere build up or break down molecules?
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Builds up
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What type of atmosphere breaks down molecules?
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Oxidizing
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Tollund Man was found in what country?
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Denmark
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In the Carboniferous era, was there a high or low level of oxygen gas?
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Low
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Tollund Man was found almost perfectly preserved after how many years?
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2000
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What are the three types of fossil fuels?
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Coal, oil, and gas
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Carbon can be used to make soft materials like graphite, but also hard materials like ___.
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Diamonds
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