Oia Appendicular Skeleton

Front 1

Serratus anterior (moves the scapula)

Back 1

Ant. trunk. O=ribs 1-8. I=superior scapula. A=protracts & rotates scapula. Boxer's muscle

Front 2

Pectoralis minor (moves the scapula)

Back 2

Ant. trunk. O=ribs 3-5. I=scapula corocoid process. A=synergistic to serratus anterior

Front 3

Trapezius (moves the scapula)

Back 3

Post. trunk. O=occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spines of C7-T12. I=scapula spine, acromion, & clavicle. A=elevates, depresses, & adducts scapula, also extends head

Front 4

Levator scapulae (moves the scapula)

Back 4

Post. trunk. O=C1-C4 transverse processes. I=medial scapula border. A=elevates scapula

Front 5

Major & Minor rhomboids (moves the scapula)

Back 5

Post. trunk. O=lower ligamentum nuchae, C7-T5 spine. I=medial scapula. A=elevates & adducts scapula (paddling muscles)

Front 6

Pectoralis major (moves humerus, does not originate on scapula)

Back 6

Trunk. O=clavicle, sternum, cartilage of ribs 1-6. I=humerus greater tubercle. A=flexes, adducts, rotates humerus medially

Front 7

Latissimus dorsi (moves humerus, does not originate on scapula)

Back 7

Trunk. O=T7-L5 spines, iliac crest, ribs 8-12, inferior scapula. I=humerus intertubercular groove. A=extends, adducts, rotates humerus medially (rower's muscle)

Front 8

Deltoid (moves humerus, originates on scapula)

Back 8

Scapular. O=scapular spine, arcomion & clavicle. I=humerus deltoid tuberosity. A=abducts, extends, flexes, & rotates humerus

Front 9

Supraspinatus (moves humerus, originates on scapula)

Back 9

Scapular. O=supraspinous fossa. I=humerus greater tubercle. A=abducts & laterally rotates humerus

Front 10

Infraspinatus (moves humerus, originates on scapula)

Back 10

Scapular. O=infraspinous fossa. I=humerus greater tubercle. A=rotates humerus laterally

Front 11

Subscapularis (moves humerus, originates on scapula)

Back 11

Scapular. O=subscapular fossa. I=humerus lesser tubercle. A=rotates humerus medially

Front 12

Teres minor (moves humerus, originates on scapula)

Back 12

Scapular. O=lateral scapula. I=humerus greater tubercle. A=rotates humerus laterally

Front 13

Teres major (moves humerus, originates on scapula)

Back 13

Scapular. O=scapula inferior angle. I=humerus lesser tubercle. A=extends, adducts, & rotates humerus medially

Front 14

Coracobrachialis (moves humerus, originates on scapula)

Back 14

Scapular. O=scapula coracoid process. I=medial humerus shaft. A=adducts & flexes humerus

Front 15

Biceps brachii (moves the forearm)

Back 15

O=scapular coracoid process & upper glenoid cavity. I=radial tuberosity. A=flexes & supinates forearm

Front 16

Brachialis (moves the forearm)

Back 16

O=anterior humerus. I=ulnar coranoid process. A=flexes elbow

Front 17

Brachioradialis (moves the forearm/wrist/hand/fingers)

Back 17

Ant. O=distal, lateral humerus. I=near radial styloid process. A=flexes elbow

Front 18

Triceps brachii (moves the forearm)

Back 18

O=inferior glenoid cavity & posterior humerus. I=ulnar olecranon process. A=extends forearm

Front 19

Flexor carpi ulnarus (moves the wrist/hand/fingers)

Back 19

Ant. O=humerus medial epicondyle. I=carpals & metacarpals. A=flexes & adducts hand

Front 20

Palmaris longus (moves the wrist/hand/fingers)

Back 20

Ant. O=humerus medial epicondyle. I=palmar aponeurosis. A=weak wrist flexor

Front 21

Flexor carpi radialis (moves the wrist/hand/fingers)

Back 21

Ant. O=humerus medial epicondyle. I=based 2nd & 3rd metacarpals. A=flexes & abducts hand

Front 22

Pronator teres (moves the wrist/hand/fingers)

Back 22

Ant. O=humerus medial epicondyle & ulnar coronoid process. I=lateral radius. A=pronates forearm & hand

Front 23

Extensor carpi ulnaris (moves the wrist/hand/fingers)

Back 23

Post. O=humerus lateral epicondyle. I= 5th metacarpal. A=extends & adducts hand

Front 24

Extensor digiti minimi (moves the wrist/hand/fingers)

Back 24

Post. O=humerus lateral epicondyle. I=5th phalange. A=extends 5th digit & hand

Front 25

Extensor digitorum (moves the wrist/hand/fingers)

Back 25

Post. O=humerus lateral epicondyle. I=phalanges 2-5. A=extends hand & phalanges

Front 26

Extensor carpi radialis (moves the wrist/hand/fingers)

Back 26

Post. Longus/Brevis. O=lateral epicondyle & supracondylar ridge. I=2nd & 3rd metacarpal. A=extend and abduct wrist

Front 27

Iliopsoas (moves the thigh at hip joint)

Back 27

Ant. O=ilium & lumbar vertebrae. I=femur lesser trochanter. A=prime mover of thigh flexion, flexes trunk

Front 28

Sartorius (moves the thigh at hip joint)

Back 28

Ant. O=anterior superior iliac spine. I=proximal medial tibia. A=flexes & abducts hip, rotates thigh laterally (tailors muscle, allows crossed legs)

Front 29

Gluteus maximus (moves the thigh at hip joint)

Back 29

Lat. hip&butt. O=dorsal ilium, sacrum, coccyx. I=femur gluteal tuberosity & iliotibial tract. A=extends, abducts, & rotates thigh laterally (stair-stepper muscle)

Front 30

Gluteus medius & minimus (moves the thigh at hip joint)

Back 30

Lat. hip&butt. O=laterally ilium. I=femur greater trochanter. A=abducts & rotates thigh medially

Front 31

Tensor fasciae latae (moves the thigh at hip joint)

Back 31

Lat. hip&butt. O=anterior iliac crest & anterior superior spine. I=iliotibial tract. A=abducts & rotates thigh medially

Front 32

Gracilis (moves the thigh at hip joint)

Back 32

Med. O=lower pubis. I=proximal medial tibia. A=adducts thigh

Front 33

Pectineus (moves the thigh at hip joint)

Back 33

Med. O=pubis. I=posterior proximal femur. A=adducts, flexes, & medially rotates thigh

Front 34

Adductor longus & brevis (moves the thigh at hip joint)

Back 34

Med. O=near pubic symphysis. I=femur linea aspera. A=adducts & medially rotates thigh

Front 35

Adductor magnus (moves the thigh at hip joint)

Back 35

Med. O=inferior ishium & pubis. I=femur linea aspea. A=adduct, flexes, & medially rotates thigh

Front 36

Rectus femoris (quadriceps femoris)

Back 36

O=anterior inferior iliac spine & acetabulum. I=patella & tibial tuberosity. A=extends leg & knee, and flexes thigh

Front 37

Vastus lateralis/medialis/intermedius (quadriceps femoris)

Back 37

O=proximal femur (intermedius is deep to rectus femoris). I=patella & tibial tuberosity. A=extends the knee

Front 38

Biceps femoris (hamstrings)

Back 38

O(2)=ishial tuberosity & linea aspera. I(2)=fibula head & tibia lateral condyle. A=extends & laterally rotates thigh, and flexes knee & lower leg (at knee)

Front 39

Semitendinosus (hamstrings)

Back 39

O=ishial tuberosity. I=proximal medial tibia. A=extends & medially rotates thigh, and flexes knee & lower leg (at knee)

Front 40

Semimembranosus (hamstrings)

Back 40

O=ishial tuberosity. I=tibia medial condyle. A=extends & medially rotates thigh, and flexes knee & lower leg (at knee)

Front 41

Popliteus (sural)

Back 41

Posterior to knee. O=femur lateral condyle. I=proximal tibia. A=unlocks knee to allow flexion

Front 42

Tibialis anterior (move joints of ankle/foot/toes)

Back 42

Ant. O=proximal lateral tibia. I=1st metatarsal & 1st cuneiform. A=prime mover of foot dorsiflexion, also inverts foot

Front 43

Extensor digitorum longus (move joints of ankle/foot/toes)

Back 43

Ant. O=tibia lateral condyle & fibula. I=phalanges 2-5. A=dorsiflexes & eerts foot, extends digits 2-5

Front 44

Fibularis (peroneus) longus (move joints of ankle/foot/toes)

Back 44

Lat. O=proximal head of fibula. I=1st cuneiform & 1st metatarsal. A=plantar flexes and everts foot

Front 45

Fibularis brevis (move joints of ankle/foot/toes)

Back 45

Lat. O=distal fibula. I=5th metatarsal. A=plantar flexes and everts foot

Front 46

Frontalis (epicranius)

Back 46

O=skull bones or fascia. I=skin. A=raises eyebrows

Front 47

Occipitalis (epicranius)

Back 47

O=skull bones or fascia. I=skin. A=draws scalp posteriorly

Front 48

Obicularis oculi

Back 48

O=skull bones or fascia. I=skin. A=closes eye

Front 49

Corrugator supercilii

Back 49

O=skull bones or fascia. I=skin. A=draws eyebrow inferiorly (frown)

Front 50

Buccinator

Back 50

O=skull bones or fascia. I=deep beneath masseter. A=causes cheek to cave inward (sucking)

Front 51

Mentalis

Back 51

O=skull bones or fascia. I=skin. A=elevates & protrudes lower lip (pouting)

Front 52

Orbicularis oris

Back 52

O=skull bones or fascia. I=skin. A=shapes lips during speech (& kissing)

Front 53

Zygomaticus

Back 53

O=zygomatic. I=obicularis oris. A=draws mouth upward (smiling)

Front 54

Levator labii superioris

Back 54

O=skull bones or fascia. I=skin. A=elevates upper lip

Front 55

Depressor labii inferioris

Back 55

O=skull bones or fascia. I=skin. A=depresses lower lip (pout)

Front 56

Depressor anguli oris

Back 56

O=skull bones or fascia. I=skin. A=draw corners of mouth downward

Front 57

Risorius

Back 57

O=fascia by ear. I=skin at mouth angle. A=draws mouth laterally (tension)

Front 58

Platysma

Back 58

O=skull bones or fascia. I=skin. A=draws lower lip back and down, tenses skin of neck

Front 59

Temporalis

Back 59

O=temporal, frontal, parietal bones. I=coronoid process of mandible. A=elevates and retracts mandible

Front 60

Masseter

Back 60

O=zygomatic arch. I=lateral mandible, & angle of mandible. A=closes mouth

Front 61

Superior rectus

Back 61

O=annular ring. I=anterior eyeball. A=looking up

Front 62

Inferior rectus

Back 62

O=annular ring. I=anterior eyeball. A=looking down

Front 63

Lateral rectus

Back 63

O=annular ring. I=anterior eyeball. A=looking laterally

Front 64

Medial rectus

Back 64

O=annular ring. I=anterior eyeball. A=crossing eyes

Front 65

Inferior oblique

Back 65

O=annular ring. I=anterior eyeball. A=looking up & laterally

Front 66

Superior oblique

Back 66

O=annular ring. I=anterior eyeball. A=looking down and laterally