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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what is reflux |
heating a reaction in a flask fitted with a condenser so what ever evaporates condenses and drips back into the mixture |
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what is distillation |
gently heating a mixture so the compounds evaporate in order of increasing boiling point and can be collected seperately |
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what is removing water soluble impurities |
adding water to a mixture in a seperateing funnel any water soluble impurities move out of the orgsnic layer and dissolve in the aqueous layer these have different densities so can be seperated easily |
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convert 1000 moldm-3 into molcm-3 |
1 molcm-3 |
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convert 1m3 into dm3 |
1000 dm3 |
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1000dm3 into cm3 |
1000000cm3 |
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how do you work out percentage error |
uncertanty÷reading ×100% |
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what is a systematic error |
same every time error in set up or equipment |
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what is a random error |
error in reading etc |
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charge of an electron |
-1 |
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charge of a neutron |
0 |
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charge on a proton |
+1 |
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mass of a proton |
1 |
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mass of a neutron |
1 |
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mass of an electron |
1/2000 or negligible |
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define isotope |
isotopes of an element are atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons |
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what did J J Thompson prove |
atoms weren't solid electrons plum pudding model |
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what did Rutherford come up with |
gold foil experiment fired alpha particles at gold foil expected most to reflect but they didnt new model mostly empty space and a nucleus |
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what was bohrs model |
ours today |
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relative atomic mass |
the weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon 12 |
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relative isotopic mass |
mass of an atom of an isotope compared with the mass of an atom of carbon 12 |
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relative molecular mass |
average mass of a molecule or formula unit compared to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon 12 |