Oceanorgraphy 2003

Front 1

Igneous rocks

Back 1

Form from the cooling of the magma; consisting of Basalt(from Oceanic crust) and Granite(from Continental crust.)

Front 2

Strabo

Back 2

First to determine that the earth's surface moved by observing volcanoes.

Front 3

What is the Outer core made of?

Back 3

Liquid iron.

Front 4

What is the Inner core made of?

Back 4

Solid iron

Front 5

Chronometer

Back 5

First time keeping instrument created by Cook.

Front 6

Bejamin Franklin

Back 6

Discovered that wind patterns can cut time of traveling ships by using the wind currents.

Front 7

Matthew Maury

Back 7

"Father" of Oceanography

Front 8

Eukaryotic cells

Back 8

Single or multi-celled organisms containing a cell membrane, plasma, nucleus, and unique organelles.

Front 9

Prokaryotic cells

Back 9

single-celled organisms containing only a cell membrane, plasma, and a DNA region

Front 10

What is the crust?

Back 10

The thin portion floating on mantle fluidity.

Front 11

Pacific Islanders

Back 11

Master Seamen! First to travel the ocean while Europeans still believed the world was flat.

Front 12

Sedimentary rocks

Back 12

Rocks made from other rocks or marine organisms.

Front 13

Relative Dating

Back 13

The use of rocks or soil to determine the age of fossils.

Front 14

Remote Sensing

Back 14

Technological advancement where satellites are used to map the topography of the ocean by taking temperature readings at various depths and current movements.

Front 15

Scientific benefit of WWI

Back 15

RADAR-echo location first descovered by U-boats and scattering layers.

Front 16

What is the Earth composed of?

Back 16

Inner core; Outer core; Mantle; and Crust

Front 17

Metamorphic rocks

Back 17

Rocks formed at the Earth's crust in mountains where magma is at surface; result from transformation at high temperature and pressure.

Front 18

Erathosthenes

Back 18

First to determine the earth's circumference. rXt=d

Front 19

Herodotus

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First map-maker

Front 20

What is the Mantle?

Back 20

A jello type layer of the earth that lies between the crust and the core.

Front 21

Pytheas

Back 21

First to use latitude and nautical instruments by refrencing to the moon and sun.

Front 22

Heterotrophs

Back 22

Feed on others i.e. bacteria

Front 23

Oceanic Crust

Back 23

More dense, thinner, younger, lies underneath the continental crust.

Front 24

Vine and Matthews

Back 24

Proved that mantle was excreting from the rifts.

Front 25

Who created the compass?

Back 25

The Chinese

Front 26

Middle Ages

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Most information was lost in chaos provided by Ceasar.

Front 27

Ptolemy

Back 27

First to make a map with the use of longitude(N to S) and latitude(E to W). Only had 3 continents: Africa, Asia, and Europe.

Front 28

Continental Drift Theory

Back 28

Developed by Wegener saying that all the continents fit perfectly into each other. Pangea..one large land mass and one large body of water.

Front 29

Columbus

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First to "find" N. America in 1492; really found the Carribeans.

Front 30

Vikings

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Sailed to N. America as a ray of light in the dark world. Eric the Red and Leif Eriksson.

Front 31

De Gama

Back 31

First to go completely around Arfica which helped trade incredibly.

Front 32

Copernicus and Galileo

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Developed theories on planets and bodies in motion.

Front 33

Diaz

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First to reach the tip of Africa.

Front 34

Magellan

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Fisrt for circumnavigate the globe except he died on board and they kept him til the end!

Front 35

What is the Big Bang Theory?

Back 35

A theory that states that our universe originated approximately 20 billion years ago from a huge explosion; from a really small amount of matter at extreme high density and temperature.

Front 36

Newton and Leibnitz

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Created calculus.

Front 37

Da Vinci

Back 37

Brought perspective of the water level changing due to his discovery of shells far on land.

Front 38

Continental Crust

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Less dense but thicker and lies above the oceanic crust.

Front 39

Boyle

Back 39

First to work of seawater chemistry.

Front 40

Autotrophs

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Self-feeders i.e. plants, bacteria

Front 41

Coriolus

Back 41

Described pathways of motion on the surface of a rotating sphere.

Front 42

Absolute Dating

Back 42

The use of radioactive isotopes, that decay at predictable rates within organisms, soils, and fossils, to determine age.

Front 43

Hess

Back 43

Developed plate tectonics

Front 44

Cell Theory

Back 44

All cells come from other cells.

Front 45

Linnaeus

Back 45

Came up with the biological naming process that can be understood universally.

Front 46

Submersibles

Back 46

ROV(remote operated vehicles)-attatched to a mothership; AUV(autonomous underwater vehicles)-not attatched to a mothership.