Oceanography Quiz

Front 1

What do anemometers gauge?

Back 1

wind speeds

Front 2

What do satellites show?

Back 2

for viewing large weather systems on a worldwide scale
forecasters can see weather across the whole globe
they have sensors that show cloud movements and patterns and one the reads temperatures

Front 3

Name the two types of sensors the stellite uses and describe each

Back 3

1. imager - can only be used during daylight because it captures reflected light to create images. Water reflects very little light, appearing black. Land tends to be gray

2.Sounder. It's an infrared sensor that reads temperatures. The higher the temperature of the object, the more energy it emits. They have be used at night.

Front 4

What is the disadvantage of the image sensorer?

Back 4

it can only be used during the day.

Front 5

What does the Dopplar Radar Measure?

Back 5

measures reflected sound waves.

Front 6

With Doplar Radar, when are sound waves reflected back at an increased rate and when are sound waves reflected back at a decreased rate?

Back 6

increased-if the object they come in contact with is moving toward the radar

decreased-the object is moving away from the radar

Front 7

What are the four criteria meteorologists much consider when choosing a method?

Back 7

-experience of the forecaster
-amount of information available to the forecaster
-level of difficulty that the forecastsituation presents
-degree of accuracy or confidence needed in the forecast

Front 8

which is a the simplest way of producing a forecast?

Back 8

persistence method

Front 9

name the forecast method that assumes that the conditions at the time of the forecast will not change.

Back 9

persistence.
if two inches of rain fell today, it would predict two inches of rain for tomorrow

Front 10

what does the numerical weather prediction method use to make a forecast?

Back 10

computers

Front 11

Name some advantages and disadvantages of using the numerical weather prediction method

Back 11

disadvantages:
-equations used by the models to stimulate the atmosphere are nor precise
-gaps in the initial data
-very few people have access to computer data
-hard for beginning forecasters
advantages:
-best in forecasting day-to-day changes
-

Front 12

what does the trends method assume

Back 12

predicting the speed and direction for fronts, high and love pressure centers, and areas of clouds and precipitation

Front 13

What is nowcasting

Back 13

forecasting only a few hours in the future

Front 14

what does the climatology method involve

Back 14

averaging weather statistics over several years to make the forecast.

Front 15

when does the climatology method work best

Back 15

when the weather pattern is similiar to that expected at that time of year

Front 16

what could cause the climatology method to be unreliable

Back 16

if the weather pattern is unusual for that time of year

Front 17

how is the analog method used to produce a forecast?

Back 17

examining today's forecast and looking at a day in the past that was similiar. the forecaster would predict that today's weather would be similiar to that of the past

Front 18

why is the analog method viewed as more complicated than other ways of forecasting?

Back 18

it is virtually impossible to find a perfect analog. various weather features rarely align themselves in the same locations as they were in the previous time.

Front 19

what key surface features must you keep in mind when making a forecast

Back 19

anticyclone, cyclone, cold, warm, and stationary fronts

Front 20

what is an anticyclone

Back 20

air moves away from an anticyclone air must sink from above to replace it. this sinking motion leads to generally fair skies and no precipitation near the high. teperatures are dependent on the laction relative to the high.

Front 21

what is a cyclone

Back 21

air converges into a low pressure center which causes air to rise. The rising motion may produce clouds and precipitation. Different precipitation unclude rain and thunderstorms in the summer and fall, and snow during the winter

Front 22

what is temperature advection

Back 22

change in temperature caused by movement of air by the wind

Front 23

describe how snow cover affects the forecast

Back 23

if there is snow on the ground,some of the sun's energy will be reflected away by the snow, and some of it will be used to melt the snow. this mean there is less energy to heat the earth's surface,the temperatures rise more slowly than with no snow on the ground

Front 24

how does the earth's surface cool at night

Back 24

radiating heat off to space

Front 25

what are the three types of front and the weather associated with each one

Back 25

cold=-precipitation
stationary=no precipitation
warm?

Front 26

if the skies are cloudy during the day, will the temperatures be higher or lower than those on a sunny day?

Back 26

don't know yet

Front 27

what are the two conditions for an increased probabliity of precipitation

Back 27

the dew point and the corresponding temperature have to be close

Front 28

when they air temperature at the ground is less than 32F what types of precipitation should be expected?

Back 28

snow

Front 29

explain how precipitation begins as snow and can either stay or change to rain as it falls to earth

Back 29

if there is a thin layer of warm air before the surface, the snow can melt and become rain

Front 30

describe a mechanism of lifting air

Back 30

fronts.air from the front typically blows from another side of the wind, causing the air to converge and rise. as it rises, it cools and forms clouds and precipitation.

Front 31

explain how the variation in dew point can affect the weather

Back 31

the dew point needs to be close to the corresponding to the temperature so that the air is saturated and precipitation can occur