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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the continental Shelf?
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the gradually sloping end of a continent that extends under the ocean
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What is the continental slope?
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extends from the outer edge of the continents
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What is a abyssal plain?
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the deposits fill in valleys and create flat seafloor areas-from 4,000 m to 6,000 below the ocean surface
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What is a mid ocean ridge?
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the area in an ocean basin where new ocean floor is formed
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What is a subduction zone?
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marked by deep ocean trenches which are long, narrow steep sided depression where one crustal plate sinks beneath another.
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What are Contiental Shelf Deposits?
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deposits formed by high amounts of organic activity occuring in the water above the continental shelf. Sediment accumulates to great thickness on the ocean floor. (petroleum, natural gas, phosphorite, sand and gravel) Rivers can also transport important minerals.
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What are deep water deposits?
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formed through the holes and cracks along mid-ocean ridges, plumes of hot water billow out into surrounding seawater. as the water cools, mineral deposits form. (sulfur, iron, copper, zinc, silver) Can also precipitate from seawater.
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What is photosynthesis?
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carbon dioxide and water are changed to sugar and oxygen in the presence of sunlight
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What is Chemosynthesis?
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using sulfur or nitrogen compunds as an energy source, instead of light from the sun, to produce food.
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What are the three types of ocean life?
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Plankton, Nekton, Benthos
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What are plankton?
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marine organisms that drift with currents (range from microscopic algea to jellyfish.
*are producers *one celled organisms that float in the upper layers of the ocean where light needed for photosynthesis is available. |
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What are Nekton?
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*animals that actively swim rather than drift
*must be able to control their bouyancy *all forms of swimming fish |
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What are Benthos?
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*plants and animals living on the seafloor
*move or swim across the bottom to find food |
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What are the four types of habitats of the ocean?
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beaches, rocky shore areas, estuaries, coral reefs
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What lives on the beaches?
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microscopic organisms, worms, clams, crabs, snails, fish, turtles, sand dollars
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What lives on rocky shore areas?
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algea, sea anemones, mussels, barnacles, sea stars, sea urchins, octopuses, hermit crabs
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What lives in estruaries?
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mouth of the river opens into an ocean
salt tolerant grasses, fish, shrimp, crabs, microscopic organisms |
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What lives in coral reefs?
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thrive in clear, warm water that receives alot of sunlight
reef- a rigid, wave-resistant structure built by corals from skeletal material |
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What are the 5 types of pollution?
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sewage, chemical, oil, solid-waste, sediment
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What are the effects of pollution?
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when organisms dies as a result of pollution, food chains and oxygen supply are affected
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