Oceanography

Front 1

Microscopic planktonic bacteria and algae that ____________ represent the largest biomass in the ocean. As such they are the ocean's _________________ _____________ and are the foundation of the ocean's food we.

Back 1

planktonic, primary producers.

Front 2

Hierarchical order of marine organisms.

Back 2

photosynthesizer, herbivore, omnivore, carnivore, decomposer.

Front 3

In high-latitude settings, thermoclines are not present. Extensive upwelling occurs in these areas so that productivity is not typically limited by _______________ but are instead limited by _______________ which is seasonally variable.

Back 3

nutrients, solar radiation.

Front 4

______________ energy captured by algae is converted to ________________ and is thus moved through different trophic levels of a community. Some ____________ energy is lost due to movement, and is not transferred through the food chain. Upon death, remaining energy is either buried in the sea-floor or consumed by decomposers.

Back 4

radiant, chemical, mechanical.

Front 5

A _______ feeder is an organism that filters planktonic organisms from seawater; while a ________ feeder is one that ingests sediment and associated materials in order to obtain necessary nutrition.

Back 5

suspension, deposit.

Front 6

On average, only about _____ % of nutrition (biomass) consumed in one trophic level is passed on to the next trophic leve.

Back 6

10%

Front 7

The major limiting factor for photosynthesis to occur in coastal areas of the ocean in equatorial regions near river deltas is typically __________ while the major limiting factor in equatorial epipelagic zones far from ocean shorelines is ______________.

Back 7

sunlight, nutrients.

Front 8

As light enters the ocean, water selectively absorbs all colors of the visible spectrum in order from ________ (which is absorbed first in the upper few feet of the ocean) to ________ which is the last to be absorbed.

Back 8

red, blue.

Front 9

In what latitudinal settings does productivity peak in the spring and fall?

Back 9

temperate mid-latitude regions.

Front 10

Which of the following is not an example of an autotroph?

Back 10

Cnidarian.

Front 11

If you were in a tropical region, like south Florida, and you were to kayak from the shoreline out to sea, which of the following would you easily see in order from the time you put your kayak in the water until you paddled out into deep water.

Back 11

Avicennia, Rhizophora, Chlorophyta, Chrysophyta.

Front 12

When harmful algal blooms develop, the water is said to have experienced _____ which is often caused by runoff from land as excess nutrients enter the ocean.

Back 12

eutrophication.

Front 13

MSY, refers to maximum sustainable yield, which is

Back 13

the largest catch possible without causing a collapse of the marine fishery.

Front 14

T/F- One of the best choices you can make as a consumer of ocean-friendly seafood is to purchase Skipjack Tuna caught by purse seine, as opposed to Pacific Cod caught by longline in Alaska.

Back 14

False.

Front 15

T/F- One of the best ways to see the impact of overfishing, including recreational fishing, over time is by comparing vacation photos of trophy catches. In places like the Florida Keys, it is easy to see that installation of maximum sustainable yield take limits has helped produce much larger catch sizes, and much larger fish overall, especially when comparing photos from the last decade with photos from the 1980's or even the 1950's.

Back 15

False.