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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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TId
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3 per day
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B ID
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2X per day
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PRN
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as needed
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NPO
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nothing by mouth
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K+
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Potassium
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s/p _________
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status post. ________
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p.o.
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by mouth
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gtts
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drops
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CVA
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cerebrovascular accident
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COPD
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chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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m.i.
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myocardial infarction
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Na
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sodium
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h.s.
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at bedtime
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oob
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out of bed
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What are the 3 characteristics of cardiac cells?
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1. Excitability
2. Contractility 3. Autorhythmicity |
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AKA irritability
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excitability
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Ischemia causes which segment to elevate?
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ST segment
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EKG is a graphic representation of what?
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voltage/time
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Conduction velocity is defined as what?
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the time it takes for the SA I pulse to stimulate ventricular contraction
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Cardiac rate is defined as what?
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the number of pulses per minute
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What are the 3 phases of electrical flow in the heart?
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1. polarization
2. depolarization 3. repolarization |
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Define polarization
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ready state
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Define depolarization
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1. myocardial contraction
2. discharge state in which Na+ moves into the cell |
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Define repolarization
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recovery state
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How many electrodes are used in a 12 lead ekg?
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10 electrodes
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Define electrode
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a patch attached to the skin that detects changes in the heart's electrical activity
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Define lead
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A combination of 2 wires that are attached to the electrode. The lead completes the circuit with the egg machine
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Prechordial leads are
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V leads
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Bipolar leads are
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limb leads
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unipolar leads are
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augmented limb leads
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Define somatic tremor
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a voluntary or involuntary muscle tremor
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A somatic tremor is also known as what
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body tremor
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Name 2 causes of tracing artifacts
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1. patient movement
2. loose leads |
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What causes a wandering baseline?
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one or more leads are off
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Define tachycardia
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greater than 100 bpm
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Define bradycardia
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a heart rate of less than 60 bpm
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The p wave indicates what
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atrial contraction
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The QRS complex is what
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the spread of an impulse through the ventricular myocardium
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What is the PR interval
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transmission of an impulse from the SA node to the Bundle of His
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What is the ST segment
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the resting period between deportation and repo lariat ion (absolute refractory period)
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Define T wave
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the recovery period of the ventricles
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The u wave indicates what
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hypokalemia
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Each small box on the ekg graph indicates what
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0.04 seconds
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Each large box on the ekg graph indicates what
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0.20 seconds
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On an ekg graph, the y axis indicates what
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voltage
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On an ekg graph, the x axis indicates what
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time
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If you see a flat ekg baseline, what should you do?
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check the patient
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locate v1
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4th intercostal space just right of the sternum
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locate v2
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4th intercostal space just left of the sternum
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locate v4
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5th intercostal space at mid clavicle line
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locate v6
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5th intercostal space at axillary line
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