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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the advantage/benift of organizing all living things into categories?
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People can study oranisms easier, shows evolutionary relationship amung oranisms, lets you make certain assumtians about oragnisms within a particular group.
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Why did scientists disagree on what a euglena was?
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Initially an animal- animal like traits, eye spot, abillity to move, ability to ingest nutrients. Botanists thought it should be in a plant kingdom- can make its own food, it was finnaly put into protasts kingdom- single celled organisms.
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Why are they distributed in the ocean?
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Protists
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Who was responisible for the classification system we use today?
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Linnaeus
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What is the system of classification based on?
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Similarities in structure.
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The science of classification is?
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taxonomy
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Linnaeus classified organisms into?
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Plants Kingdom or Animal Kingdom
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Linnaeus classified organisms into?
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Plants kingdom or animal kingdom
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List the units of the classification system?
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K P C O F G S
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What does a scientific name consist of?
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Genus and Species
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What two languages are the scientific names givin in?
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Greek or Latin
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Why are scientific names neccessary?
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Organism accuracy-prevents confusion.
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What are the five kingdoms in use today?
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Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia,
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What are monerns?
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Bacteria, blue-green algae, single celled, lack nuclear membrane
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What are prokaryotes?
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Where are they found? Organisms that lack nuclear membranes in monerans
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What does protists include?
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single celled with nuclear material enclosed in a membrane, (has nucleas), usually colonial or multicelled.
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What are eukyotes?
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Organisms with a nucleas-- all organisms exept moneran
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What are protozoans?
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Animal like organisms
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What are algae?
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Plant-like organisms
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What are fungi?
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Unicellular or multicellular eukaryotic organisms that are not able to make their own food, they absorb nutrients from dead organic material.
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Give an example of fungi?
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Mushrooms, ringworm, athletes feet.
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Why is fungi like a plant, or not like a plant.
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Like a plant because, rigid cell, not like because no green chrolophyl
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Why is fungi important?
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they break down dead organisms and recycle organic waste
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Give two examples of diseases caused by a fungus?
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athletes foot and ring worm
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What are plants?
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They are multi-cellular, eukarytic organisms able to make their own food out of simple chemichal substances.
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What is a pigment?
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Is a coloring matter found in the cells and tissues of plants and animals.
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Plants contain what pigment?
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Chlorophyll is a green pigment that is able to capture the energy of light.
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What organic compound does plants make?
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Water and CO2
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What do plants give off as a by-product of photosynthis?
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02
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What are animals?
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Multicellular, eukaryotic organisms that lack cell walls, and are not able to make their own food.
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What two groups are animals divided into?
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those that lack back bone and skull (invertabrates) and those that have a backbone and skull
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What is the most widely disterbuted organisms on earth?
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Bacteria
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What are bacteria?
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Microscope, single celled thick outer cell wall surrounds a thin cell membrane.
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What are the three shapes found is bacteria?
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round coccuc (cocci is its plural)
rod shaped-bacillus and spiral shaped --spirillum |
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the first organisms that lived on earth?
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Prokaryotic cells, that resembed bacteria.
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What kingdom of bacteria found in??????
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Monera
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What does prokaryotic mean?
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lack of nuclear membrane.
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What does prokaryotic mean?
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lacks nuclear membrane.
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What is DNA?
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De oxy ri bo nu cle ic acid.
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That total gentic makeup/function of an organism is?
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in the generes and they are celled genomes
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All the instructions for reproduction are in the?
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chromosones
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Where would you find hereditary material in a bacteria?
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In the cell's cytoplasm
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What are bacteria responsible for?
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decomposition/breakdown of dead material
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What are these bacteria called that breakdown organic material?
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Decay bacteria
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What do decay bacteria do?
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They break down organic material into smaller molecules that are re-released into the water.
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Name some molecules that are used by bacteria to help recycle organic matter?
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phosphates, nitrates, and sulfates
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Where are the decay bacteria most abundant?
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Bottom sediments where dead organic material accumlates, warm moist dark and rich in food
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Where are the decay bacteria most abundant?
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bottom sediments where dead organic material accumlates: warm, moist, dark, and rich in food.
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In a lab what does the bacteria feed on?
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a gel called agar made from algae
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What are magnetic bacteria?
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They have magnetite or iron
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What are organisms that derive their energy from cells called
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chemosynthesis
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what is unusal about cyanobacteria?
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they contain chlorpophyl (so they make their own food), lacks a membrane bound nucleus.
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What was the other name for cynobacteria?
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blue green bacteria / algae
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What kingdom are cyanobacteria found?
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monera
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What other pigment do cyanobacteria have to give them a blue color?
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Phycocyanin
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What is the only monerian that is photosynthatic?
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Cyanobacteria
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What pigment gives the red sea its name?
What organism is it found in? |
phyco-erythrin and the bacteria is called OSCILLATORIA
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the earliest sighn of bacteria produced reef like growths called?
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stromatolites
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These are single celled protists that float and drift near the oceans surface?
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Diatoms
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What does plankton mean?
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wanderers that drift rather than swim
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Phytoplankton are?
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plant wanderers
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Zooplankton are?
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animal wandereres
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These carry out important functions in the cell?
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Organelles
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This organelle controls the growth and reproduction in cells?
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nucleus
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Found in the nucleus, are coiled threads of nuclear material that carries genes called?
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Chromosones
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The fluid portion of the cell?
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cytoplasm
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This surrounds all cells and regulates the entry and exit of materials?
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plasma membrane
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Diatoms are made up of?
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Silica-glass
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Diatoms are see through because?
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They need to be about photosynthesize
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What are the structures called where chlorphyl is found?
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cholorplasts
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What is the top of a diatam called?
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Upper frustule
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How is oxygen produced in diatoms?
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As a by-product of photosynthesis
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Is a network of channels in the cytoplasm through which important chemichals are transported?
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endoplasmic reticulum
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What tiny particles are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum?
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ribosomes
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What is ribonucleic acid?
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A chemical present in the nucleus of a cell.
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Where is the mitochondria found?
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Located throughout the cells cytoplasm
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