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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Viroptic
(Trifluorothymine) *Drug of choice to |
treat herpes simplex induced epithelial keratitis
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Triflorothymine
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*Analogue of Thymidine
*Prodrug * Available as topical 1% solution *Good corneal penetration *Too toxic for systemic use |
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Dosage of Triflorothymine --> possible test questions
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*Dose 1qtt 9x daily for 2 weeks then 1qtt 6x day for 1 week
*Do not exceed 21 days use |
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Triflorothymine side effects
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*Blurred vision
*Dry, Red, itchy eye * Eye irritation *Epithelial toxicity *Delayed wound healing *Elevated IOP * Hypersensitivity reaction (hives, swelling of face throat, lips tongue) |
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IDU
(Idoxuridine) *Antiviral med that stops the replication of |
herpes simplex virus
* Reduces amount of active virus in system *Prodrug |
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Iodoeoyxurdine is available
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* Available as topical 1% ophthalmic solution and as oral med
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Iododeoyxurdine side effects
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* Light sensitivity
* Red, itchy, burning eye * Lid swelling |
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Vira A
(Vidarabine) Used to treat viral infections of the eye including |
*Good drug for Vaccinia CMV, HSV and VZV
*analog is adenosine * works against DNA and can interfere with RNA synthesis |
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Vidarabine is avaiable/dosage is
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Available as topical 3% ointment
*Dose ointment 5x day for 21 days or for at least 3 days after cornea heals |
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Side effects of Vidarabine
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*Blurred vision
*Dry, Red, itchy eye * Eye irritation *Superficial punctuate keratopathy * Hypersensitivity reaction (hives, swelling of face throat, lips tongue) |
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Viradbine is primarily used to
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dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis caused by HSV
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Acyclovir is an analogy of
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guanosine
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Acylcovir is active agaisnt
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HSV and HZV
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T/F Acylcovir is is much more active in viral infected cells than normal host cells
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true
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T/F Acyclovir works on latent viruses
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false
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IV use of this drug may be effective agfainst acute retinal necrosis syndrome, retinal arteritis, vitiris, necrotizing retinitis
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Acylocvir
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T/F Acylcovir has an increase oral bioavailablity compared to valcyclovir and famcyclovir
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FALSE, opposite is true
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T/F
Valacyclovir and Famcyclovir are pro drugs hydrolyzed in the intestine |
True
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Guanciclovir is an analog of ________ and is used to treat __________
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guanine and treats CMV
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T/F Gancilovir is 10-25 times more active against CMV than Acylovir but also more topxic to host cells
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TRUE
Gancilovir does not need an enyzme to be phopsphorylated! Acylovir, however, does need a specific enzyme |
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Side effects of Ganciclovir
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Bone marrow suppression!
Do not mix with other oral anti-CMVs |
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This was the first drug used to prevent CMV retinitis in transplant patients and the first for treatment in AIDS patients
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Ganciclovir
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Foscarnet is a
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pyrophosphate analog that inbits DNA polymerases of herpes, HSV, CMV and reserve transcriptase of HIV that does NOT effect host DNA polymerase.
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T/F Fascarnet is a prodrug
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FALSE, does not need to be phosphorylated.
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Most serious side effect of Fascrnet is
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renal impairment
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Cidofovir is an analogy of_____ used to treat ________ and given by _________--
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cytosine
CMV retinitis in AIDS paitents IV injection |
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Side effects of Cidofovir include
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Renal toxicity
*Reduces IOP *Metabolic acidosis *Anterior Uveitis |
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Fomiviresen works by being an
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ANTISENCE antiviral agent, its nucleotide sequence is complentary to CMV and binds to it, thus inhibiting production of viral proteins
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Forivirsen is administered by
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Administered by intravitreal injection
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First antiviral drug synthesized
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IODODEOXYURIDINE(Idoxuridine, IDU, Herplex)
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Clinical uses of this drug include:
Topical effective against VZV keratouveitis IV may be effective against retinal necrosis syndrome |
Acyclovir
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This drug inhibits viral polymerase at concentrations 8 to 600 times lower than concentration required to inhibit host polymerase enzymes
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Cidofovir
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This drug is excreted by kidney, and thus, its major side effect is nephrotoxcitity
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Cidofovir
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