• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/33

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

33 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Viroptic
(Trifluorothymine) *Drug of choice to
treat herpes simplex induced epithelial keratitis
Triflorothymine
*Analogue of Thymidine
*Prodrug
* Available as topical 1% solution

*Good corneal penetration
*Too toxic for systemic use
Dosage of Triflorothymine --> possible test questions
*Dose 1qtt 9x daily for 2 weeks then 1qtt 6x day for 1 week
*Do not exceed 21 days use
Triflorothymine side effects
*Blurred vision
*Dry, Red, itchy eye
* Eye irritation
*Epithelial toxicity
*Delayed wound healing
*Elevated IOP * Hypersensitivity reaction (hives, swelling of face throat, lips tongue)
IDU
(Idoxuridine) *Antiviral med that stops the replication of
herpes simplex virus
* Reduces amount of active virus in system
*Prodrug
Iodoeoyxurdine is available
* Available as topical 1% ophthalmic solution and as oral med
Iododeoyxurdine side effects
* Light sensitivity
* Red, itchy, burning eye
* Lid swelling
Vira A
(Vidarabine) Used to treat viral infections of the eye including
*Good drug for Vaccinia CMV, HSV and VZV
*analog is adenosine
* works against DNA and can interfere with RNA synthesis
Vidarabine is avaiable/dosage is
Available as topical 3% ointment
*Dose ointment 5x day for 21 days or for at least 3 days after cornea heals
Side effects of Vidarabine
*Blurred vision
*Dry, Red, itchy eye
* Eye irritation
*Superficial punctuate keratopathy * Hypersensitivity reaction (hives, swelling of face throat, lips tongue)
Viradbine is primarily used to
dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis caused by HSV
Acyclovir is an analogy of
guanosine
Acylcovir is active agaisnt
HSV and HZV
T/F Acylcovir is is much more active in viral infected cells than normal host cells
true
T/F Acyclovir works on latent viruses
false
IV use of this drug may be effective agfainst acute retinal necrosis syndrome, retinal arteritis, vitiris, necrotizing retinitis
Acylocvir
T/F Acylcovir has an increase oral bioavailablity compared to valcyclovir and famcyclovir
FALSE, opposite is true
T/F
Valacyclovir and Famcyclovir are pro drugs hydrolyzed in the intestine
True
Guanciclovir is an analog of ________ and is used to treat __________
guanine and treats CMV
T/F Gancilovir is 10-25 times more active against CMV than Acylovir but also more topxic to host cells
TRUE

Gancilovir does not need an enyzme to be phopsphorylated! Acylovir, however, does need a specific enzyme
Side effects of Ganciclovir
Bone marrow suppression!

Do not mix with other oral anti-CMVs
This was the first drug used to prevent CMV retinitis in transplant patients and the first for treatment in AIDS patients
Ganciclovir
Foscarnet is a
pyrophosphate analog that inbits DNA polymerases of herpes, HSV, CMV and reserve transcriptase of HIV that does NOT effect host DNA polymerase.
T/F Fascarnet is a prodrug
FALSE, does not need to be phosphorylated.
Most serious side effect of Fascrnet is
renal impairment
Cidofovir is an analogy of_____ used to treat ________ and given by _________--
cytosine
CMV retinitis in AIDS paitents
IV injection
Side effects of Cidofovir include
Renal toxicity
*Reduces IOP
*Metabolic acidosis
*Anterior Uveitis
Fomiviresen works by being an
ANTISENCE antiviral agent, its nucleotide sequence is complentary to CMV and binds to it, thus inhibiting production of viral proteins
Forivirsen is administered by
Administered by intravitreal injection
First antiviral drug synthesized
IODODEOXYURIDINE (Idoxuridine, IDU, Herplex)
Clinical uses of this drug include:
Topical effective against VZV keratouveitis
IV may be effective against retinal necrosis syndrome
Acyclovir
This drug inhibits viral polymerase at concentrations 8 to 600 times lower than concentration required to inhibit host polymerase enzymes
Cidofovir
This drug is excreted by kidney, and thus, its major side effect is nephrotoxcitity
Cidofovir