Obgyn Chapter 34 Reproductive Cycle

Front 1

At what average age is a regular, predictable reproductive cycle established in women?

Back 1

15 years

Front 2

At what average age does the female reproductive cycle become inefficient?

Back 2

45 years

Front 3

A woman's optimal reproductive time occupies approximately how many years?

Back 3

30 years

Front 4

On average, how many times during the year will a healthy, nonpregnant woman ovulate?

Back 4

13 to 14 times

Front 5

What is the average length of the female reproductive cycle?

Back 5

28 days

Front 6

What is the name of the pulse generator that secretes gonadotropin-releasing hormone?

Back 6

Arcuate nucleus of the anterior hypothalamus

Front 7

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone flows from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary gland through the

Back 7

pituitary portal venous plexus

Front 8

What is the pulse frequency of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion?

Back 8

Every 70 to 90 minutes

Front 9

Given a woman with the inability to secrete gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH; Kallmann syndrome), at waht pulse frequency should an external GnRH pump be set?

Back 9

Every 70 to 90 minutes

Front 10

The hormone that stimulates the granulosa cells of the primary ovarian follicle is

Back 10

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Front 11

The hormone that triggers ovulation is

Back 11

LH

Front 12

The principal sex steroid secreted by the granulosa cells of the ovarian follicle is

Back 12

estradiol

Front 13

The hormone that stimulates the pre-granulosa cells of the primordial follicle to become granulosa cells is

Back 13

FSH

Front 14

The hormone that facilitates preparation of the endometrium for implantation of the blastocyst following fertilization is

Back 14

progesterone

Front 15

The hormone that has the greatest effect on the hypothalamic thermoregulatory center is

Back 15

progesterone

Front 16

The hormone that is associated with the development of the secretory endometrium is

Back 16

progesterone

Front 17

The hormone that stimulates the ductal elements of the breast (nipples, areolae, and ducts) is

Back 17

estradiol

Front 18

The hormone that stimulates the acinar elements of the breast (milk-producing glands) is

Back 18

progesterone

Front 19

The hormone associated with the development of a proliferative endometrium is

Back 19

estradiol

Front 20

Which of the following reflects the activity of the arcuate nucleus?

Back 20

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone

Front 21

The hormone that is most heavily secreted in response to a perceived estrogen deficiency is

Back 21

FSH

Front 22

Which is the principal sex steroid hormone secreted by the theca lutein cells?

Back 22

Progesterone

Front 23

Which of the following is secreted by the theca lutein cells during the follicular phase of the cycle and acts as a precursor in the synthesis of sex steroid hormone by granulosa cells?

Back 23

Androgens

Front 24

The oocyte in the primordial follicle is arrested in what stage of division?

Back 24

Prophase of meiosis

Front 25

Which of the following stimulates the arrested oocyte to complete maturation?

Back 25

The LH surge

Front 26

What endocrine event initiates the onset of menstruation?

Back 26

Involution of the corpus luteum

Front 27

What is the average volume of blood lost each menstrual cycle?

Back 27

30 to 50 mL

Front 28

Where do the prostaglandins that initiate uterine contractions during menstruation originate?

Back 28

Endometrium

Front 29

What is the clinical condition associated with symptomatic uterine contractions during menstruation?

Back 29

Primary dysmenorrhea

Front 30

What is the preferred form of treatment for women who suffer from menstrual pain?

Back 30

Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors

Front 31

When does the pituitary gland begin to secrete FSH to initiate a new reproductive cycle?

Back 31

24 to 48 hours before the onset of menstruation

Front 32

What is the consequence of an androgen-to-estrogen ratio of greater than one in a follicle that is undergoing stimulation?

Back 32

Atretic follicle

Front 33

What is the presumed chemical stimulus for extrusion of the oocyte from the follicle at the time of ovulation?

Back 33

Liberation of intrafollicular prostaglandins

Front 34

What is the consequence if prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors are administered at the expected time of ovulation?

Back 34

The oocyte will be retained in the follicle

Front 35

What term is given to the pain associated with ovulation?

Back 35

Mittelschmerz

Front 36

The clinical term for insufficient progesterone production by the corpus luteum is

Back 36

inadequate luteal phase

Front 37

Which hormone is necessary to sustain the corpus luteum beyond 14 days?

Back 37

Human chorionic gonadotropin

Front 38

At approximately what age will a woman begin to notice changes in her reproductive cycle associated with perimenopause?

Back 38

38 to 42

Front 39

What is the first evidence of diminished reproductive efficiency in a woman?

Back 39

A change in length of the reproductive cycle

Front 40

What is the clinical condition when the few remaining ovarian follicles are resistant to stimulation by FSH?

Back 40

Menopause

Front 41

What procedure is used for endometrial dating, to diagnose inadequate luteal phase?

Back 41

Endometrial biopsy

Front 42

What is the common condition characterized by breast tenderness, mood changes, fluid retention, abdominal bloating, and weight gain?

Back 42

Premenstrual syndrome

Front 43

A 20-year-old patient inquires about a watery, thin mucus that seems to come and go. She should be told that it occurs at the time of

Back 43

ovulation

Front 44

Endocervical glands play a critical role in

Back 44

fertilization

Front 45

A 35-year-old woman who complains of vaginal dryness with intercourse should be told that lubrication of the vagina during the sexual response cycle comes from the

Back 45

vagina

Front 46

In counseling a patient regarding the basal body temperature chart, she should be told to take her temperature

Back 46

first thing in the morning

Front 47

A 40-year-old woman inquires about the changes in her menstrual period that are likely to occur. Which of the following is the most accurate?

Back 47

The luteal phase will likely be maintained at normal length